JPS61169186A - Head for laser beam machining - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve a work environment and to reduce a cost by providing the nozzle cover to constitute a subchamber at the outer side of a movable nozzle and by communicating the subchamber and irradiating path via a subnozzle. CONSTITUTION:A nozzle cover 17 is fixed a stopper nut 16 at the outer side of a movable nozzle 14. The movable nozzle 14 and nozzle cover 17 form a subchamber 20 and further the subnozzle 24 to equip and irradiating port 23 at the tip is formed along the irradiating path 15 from the subchamber 20. The nozzle 24 communicates the subchamber 20 and irradiating path 15. melted and evaporated matters produced from a resin plate 2 are treated with being discharged via the subchamber 20 from a communicating path 25 when a laser beam 4 is irradiated by pressing the head 1' for laser machining to the resin plate 2 and an auxiliary gas 7 is jetted. The work environment is therefore improved because of the melted and evaporated matters being not dispersed around. The cost is reduced as the damages of a lens, etc. can be prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The disclosed technology belongs to the technical field of devices that process resin plates and the like using laser beams.

This invention provides a laser processing head in which a gas supply passage is bored in the side wall of a cylindrical head body having a condensing lens, and a movable nozzle is slidably protruded from the tip of the head body. In particular, the movable nozzle is inserted into the head main body to form an irradiation path therein, and a nozzle cover is provided outside the movable nozzle to form a sub-chamber with a discharge path bored therein. This invention relates to a laser processing head in which a chamber and an irradiation path in a head main body are communicated with each other by a sub-nozzle formed along the irradiation path, and processing is performed by bringing a movable nozzle into close contact with a workpiece.

<Prior art> As is well known, conventionally, when laser cutting resin products,
As shown in FIG. 6, when cutting a resin plate 2 as a workpiece with the laser processing head 1, a condenser lens 3
irradiate the laser beam 4 focused into a spot by
The auxiliary gas 7 is ejected coaxially with the laser beam 4 from a gas supply path 6 provided in the head body 5, and cutting is performed while blowing off melted and vaporized materials generated by laser heating. was.

Then, the molten evaporates (Co,
As a means for removing hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, etc., a suction device is installed on the back side of the workpiece as shown in Literature Mechanical Engineering Vol. 31, No. 11, pages 59 to 60. The mode has been adopted.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, in the laser processing head 1 of the above-mentioned prior art, as shown in FIG.
If a molten evaporated material is formed, it will be scattered to the back side of the resin plate 2 by the action of the auxiliary gas 7. Although the molten evaporated material can be easily removed by providing a suction device or the like in this area,
．． As shown in FIG. 8, in the process of forming the through hole 8, there were the following sizing problems.

That is, all of the molten evaporated material generated at the laser irradiation area is scattered to the surface side of the resin plate 2, and in particular, when YAG laser light is used, the absorption rate to resin etc. is poor at a wavelength of 1.06μ.
Since it takes a certain amount of time for the through holes 8 to be formed, the scattered molten evaporated substances, dust, etc. may be deposited on the surface of the resin plate 20 as shown by the hatching in Fig. 7.8.10. The problem was that it could stick to the surface. 'To deal with this, turn off the auxiliary gas 7 and let the molten evaporates and dust fly away! However, as shown by the dots in FIG. 11, the adhesion of dust generated from the laser irradiation part was not removed, which not only impaired the design but also caused the dust to flow into the head body 5. In some cases, there was a problem that the condensing lens 3 could be damaged.

Alternatively, as shown in Figure 12, cutting the broken line surrounding the area where the molten evaporates, etc. have adhered may be considered, but it is better to cut small holes, slits, etc. that are smaller than the area where the molten evaporates adhere. In some cases, there was a problem where a piece of kimono remained around the hole.

On the other hand, as illustrated in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 50-105094, a method has been devised in which cutting is performed by bringing the tip of the head body into close contact with the workpiece. Since the gas used in the process only functions as a mere air curtain, the molten evaporated material cannot be smoothly released by 1JI, resulting in a worsening of the working environment.

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problem of the laser processing head based on the above-mentioned prior art, and to prevent molten evaporated matter from being deposited on the cut surface of the workpiece H and not impairing the design. Needless to say, we aim to provide an excellent machine head that allows highly accurate machining to be performed without deteriorating the surrounding working environment and is useful for cutting processes in various industries. be.

<Means/effects for solving the problems> In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the structure of the present invention, which is summarized in the above-mentioned claims, is based on the gas supply to the side wall of the cylindrical head body. If the movable nozzle at the tip of the head body is brought into close contact with the workpiece while auxiliary gas is supplied from the path, and the laser beam is irradiated, the auxiliary gas will be delivered to the irradiation path formed inside the head body and the movable nozzle along with the laser beam. When supplied, the auxiliary gas is discharged together with the molten evaporated material into the subchamber in the nozzle cover that covers the outside of the movable nozzle that is retracted and inserted into the head main body, and is discharged to the subchamber formed along the periphery of the irradiation path together with the molten evaporated material. A through hole is formed so that the head body can flow into the provided discharge path, and then when the head body is separated from the workpiece, the auxiliary gas ejected from the irradiation path in the head body can flow through the through hole without leaking from the Zabu nozzle. Technical measures have been taken to enable normal cutting operations to be carried out.

<Embodiment - Configuration> Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in the first embodiment with reference to FIGS. 6 to 12.
The explanation will be as follows based on FIGS.

What is shown in FIG. 1 is a laser processing head 1' that constitutes the gist of the present invention, in which a cylindrical head body 5' to which a plano-convex type condensing lens 3' is fixed inside with a nut 9,
A holder 11 that holds the protective glass 10 that closes the tip side.
have.

A gas supply path 12 communicating with a gas pressure feeding device (not shown) is bored in the side wall of the holder 11, and a movable nozzle 14 is slidably inserted into the holder 11 via a drive bushing 13, and the movable nozzle 14 is slidably inserted into the holder 11, Main body 5' and movable nozzle 1
An inverted cone-shaped irradiation path 15 is formed inside the tube 4 .

A nozzle cover 17 is fixed to the outer periphery of the sliding nozzle 14 via a swivel nut 16, and the nozzle cover 17 is connected to a suction device having a filter (not shown). Kawaji 18
3. In this way, the nozzle cover 17 that covers the outside of the movable nozzle 14 is pressed by a spring 19 inserted between the holder 11 and the auxiliary chamber 2.
0 is formed.

A guide 21 along the outer circumference of the holder 11 is formed on the upper edge of the nozzle cover 17, and a supply pipe 22 is formed in the gas supply path 12.
is being kicked out.

A sub nozzle 24 having an irradiation port 23 at the tip is formed from the sub chamber 20 along the irradiation path 15, and the sub nozzle 24 has an irradiation port 23 at its tip.
and the fish meat 4 passages 15 are communicated with each other as a communication passage 25.

The movable nozzle 14 is biased to protrude toward the distal end side by the spring 19, but its protrusion and retraction stroke is regulated by a stepped portion 26 of the holder 11 on which the base end of the movable nozzle 14 is engaged.

Also, the head main body 5', holder 11, nozzle cover 17
, each movable nozzle 14 is assembled to prevent misalignment [
is being pulled.

<Embodiment - Effect> When cutting a resin plate 2 such as a bumper made of polypropylene or the like in the configuration connected to -, laser processing is performed in which the movable nozzle 14 is uniformly protruded as shown in FIG. As the head 1' is pressed against the resin plate 2 as shown in FIG. As described above, the light 4 is focused in a spot shape on a portion corresponding to the irradiation port 23 at the tip of the rib nozzle 24 to start forming a hole.

Here, a molten evaporated material 26 is generated from the resin plate 2 due to the laser beam 4, and the molten evaporated material 2G is blown out by the air 7 and passes through the communication path 25'h and the sub-chamber 20, and then passes through the discharge path. Since it is discharged to 18 and subjected to dust collection processing, not only does it not scatter onto the resin plate 2, but it also does not worsen the surrounding working environment.

Of course, since the molten evaporated material 26 does not flow back through the irradiation path 15, it does not adhere to the condenser lens 3' or even the protective glass 10 and damage it.

After the through hole 8 is bored in the resin plate 2 as shown in FIG. 4 by the above operation, as shown in FIG. 7, the molten evaporated material 26 is ejected onto the back surface of the resin plate 2 one by one, and the laser processing head 1' is moved to perform normal cutting work.

In this case, the communication path 25 of the Zabu nozzle 24 is formed along the irradiation path 15, so that the air 7 can flow into the communication path 25.
It is ejected efficiently without any leakage.

<Other Embodiments> It should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention is limited to the above-mentioned first embodiment, and it goes without saying that it is 4f. It is also possible to transmit the laser beam to the Rayleigh processing head using means such as an optical fiber, and attach the laser processing head to the robot 1 to move it up and down and It is also possible to perform position control, and it is also possible to adopt a special mode in which a zakujoon device is installed on the discharge path side so that IJ+ is emitted by the pressure of the auxiliary gas supplied to the irradiation path. .

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the present invention, basically, melted evaporates, dust, etc. generated by laser irradiation at the beginning of cutting (11) do not adhere to the surface of the workpiece, and the quality of the product is reduced by the residue. Qin has the excellent effect of not being degraded.

Further, the movable nozzle is inserted into the head main body to form an irradiation path therein, and a nozzle cover is provided outside the movable nozzle and has a discharge path and forms a sub-chamber, and the sub-chamber and the inside of the head main body are connected to each other. The irradiation path is communicated with the one-knob nozzle formed along the irradiation path, so that the molten evaporated materials generated until the through hole is formed at the start of cutting are reliably fJlll, so that the surrounding The excellent effect of not scattering and maintaining a good working environment is achieved.

In addition, the molten evaporated material can be discharged by the auxiliary scum that is pumped from the gas supply path, eliminating the need for large suction equipment for the customer.Meanwhile, the molten evaporated material flows into the light-concentrating 1-nons side and focuses the light. Another advantage is that various costs can be reduced without damaging the lenses used.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 5 show one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view, FIGS. 2 to 4 are sectional views in each working state, FIG. 5 is a plan view of the resin plate, and FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view. FIGS. 7 to 9 are sectional views of a conventional work situation, and FIGS. 10 to 12 are plan views corresponding to FIG. 5 of the conventional aspect. 3'...Condensing lens, 5'...Head body,
12... Gas supply path, 14... Movable nozzle, 1'
...Laser processing head, 18...1/1 output, 20...Sub-chamber, 17...
Nozzle cover, 24...1 Nab nozzle applicant Toyota Motor Corporation 1 Condolences 1 Figure 3''...Collection lenses 5 6,...H powder book 18 Saii Izuru 1
29.77...Suihe soot δ 20 Antechamber 14° q*tu S=tv'
"""Spar υノ＼'1、Shizu・no.1 for.Rad 24-Sufunosuru Ward Figure 4↓ Figure 5

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a laser processing head in which a gas supply passage is bored in the side wall of a cylindrical head body having a condensing lens, and a movable nozzle is slidably biased to protrude from the tip of the head body, the movable nozzle is A nozzle cover is provided outside the movable nozzle, which is inserted into the head main body and has an irradiation path formed therein, and has a discharge path bored therein to form a sub-chamber, and the sub-chamber and the irradiation path inside the head main body are connected to each other. A head for laser processing, characterized in that the head is communicated with by a sub-nozzle formed along an irradiation path.