JPS61150643A - Core for magnetic pole for rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase starting torque enough for starting, by providing the third pole piece section between the first pole piece section and the second pole piece section bending-provided from the both end faces of a coil to the peripheral face. CONSTITUTION:A plurality of magnetic poles 3... are bending-provided on the peripheral face 2b through the both end faces 2a, 2a of a coil wound up concentrically to the axial center. Some or all of the magnetic poles 3... are divided into two formed to be the first pole piece sections 3a and the second pole piece sections 3b. Each pole piece section 3a, 3b is positioned so that an armature 5 and a field magnet 6 may relatively stop on non-electric conduction and so that an intermediate point Q1 in the peripheral direction of magnet poles S, N... or an intermediate point Q2 in the peripheral direction between magnet poles S, N..., and the pole center P of the armature 5 may relatively get out of position. The third pole piece sections 3c are formed in a continuous shape between the pole piece sections 3a, 3b.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a magnetic pole core suitable for use in general rotating electric machines such as DC and AC motors or rotary plungers.

(Background Art) As shown in FIG. 9 (plan view of the motor), a coil 81 wound concentrically around the shaft center is bent from both end faces to the circumferential surface, and the two halves located on the circumferential surface are bent. A core 80 for an armature of a motor or the like formed on a magnetic pole 82 is known.

In such an armature core 80, as shown in Fig. 1O (developed side view of the core), all or part of the magnetic poles 82... are divided into two in the circumferential direction to form a first magnetic pole piece 82a and a second magnetic pole piece. The circumferential center point Ql or the magnet pole S of the magnet poles S, N, .
The first magnetic pole piece 82a and the second magnetic pole piece 82b are arranged such that the circumferential midpoint Q2 between the poles of , N, . . .
The core for armatures of motors, etc., which has a magnetically asymmetrical shape, thereby improving motor efficiency while avoiding starting dead center during startup and suppressing uneven rotation to the minimum necessary level, has already been disclosed in this application. proposed by a person (patent application 1986-23217)
0 etc.).

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, when this armature core is applied to a motor etc., the following problems remain to be improved. In other words, when the load is relatively large or when the applied voltage is relatively low, there is a problem in that it is difficult to start or does not start. This becomes clearer from FIG. 3 (motor torque characteristic diagram). In the figure, the attraction torque characteristic when not energized is shown by a solid line S, and the starting torque characteristic when energized is shown by a dotted line DO. Here, the natural stop position when de-energized is point R1 or R3, but in this case, the starting torque characteristics.

shows a bimodal characteristic in the rotation angle range of 60°, and the R1 point is located near the valley of the bimodal characteristic. For this reason, sufficient starting torque is obtained at the time of starting.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention relates to a magnetic pole core for a rotating electric machine such as a motor that solves the above problems.

The present invention particularly relates to both end surfaces 2a of a coil 2 wound concentrically around the axis as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

A plurality of magnetic poles 3 are provided by bending them from 2a to the circumferential surface 2b, and all or a part of the magnetic poles 3 are divided into two in the circumferential direction to form a first magnetic pole piece 3a and a second magnetic pole piece 3a. Magnetic pole piece 3
b, and the armature 5 and the field magnet 6 are at a relative stop position when not energized, and the magnet poles S, N...
・Circumferential center point Ql or magnetic throat pole S, N...
The shape or position of each of the magnetic pole pieces 3a-, 3b is selected so that the circumferential midpoint Q2 between the poles is located at a position that is relatively shifted from the magnetic pole center P of the armature 5 at the time of starting energization. This is applied to a magnetic pole core 1 of a rotating electrical machine M, and its main components are the first magnetic pole piece 3a and the second magnetic pole piece 3a.
It is characterized in that the third magnetic pole piece 3c is formed between the magnetic pole pieces 3b in a continuous shape between the first magnetic pole piece 3a and the second magnetic pole piece 3b, for example.

(Function) Next, the present invention will be explained in detail. In Fig. 3, the starting torque characteristic DO when energized shows a bimodal characteristic in the rotation angle range of 60''.If the third magnetic pole piece 3c is not provided, the trough of the characteristic DO shown by the dotted line is compared. However, by adding the third magnetic pole piece 3c, the valley has the characteristics DI, D2 shown by the chain line.
becomes higher (larger) as shown in FIG.
It changes depending on the area, position, shape, etc. That is, by adding the third magnetic pole piece 3c, the starting torque during energization can be improved (increased) without any particular deterioration of other characteristics.

(Example) Hereinafter, a case where a preferred example of the present invention is applied to a motor will be illustrated and explained in detail based on the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 2, which is a plan view of a 6-pole, inner rotor type motor M, a field magnet 6 is a permanent magnet ring 1 magnetized to 6 poles.
It is 2.

13 is a shaft, and the coil 2 is wound around this shaft 13.

10 is a core according to the present invention that wraps the coil 2 from one of the flat end surfaces of the coil 2, and 11 is a similar core that wraps the coil 2 from the other flat end surface of the coil 2. Configure child 5.

This core 10.11 branches radially toward the field magnet 6, and as shown in FIG. The first magnetic pole piece part 10a and the second magnetic pole piece part 10b are bent from the core 1o at right angles along the core 1o.
1, a first magnetic pole piece portion 11a and a second magnetic pole piece portion 11b are respectively extended. Also, between the first magnetic pole piece parts 10a, 41a and the second magnetic pole piece parts 10b, llb, there are third magnetic pole piece parts 1, respectively.
0c and llc are formed in a continuous shape. Each pole piece, for example 10a and 10'b, is spaced apart with a predetermined gap, and the first pole piece 10a.

The center of the magnetic pole formed by 11a and the second magnetic pole pieces tab and itb at the time of start-up energization is point P in FIG.

Therefore, in FIG. 2, the armature 5 rotates clockwise in the case of a DC motor, and the current direction of the coil 2 is at a position near where point P coincides with point Q shown in FIG. The rotation is then switched to continue by a switching means (not shown).

In this way, the magnetic poles of the armature 5 are
By separately forming the magnetic pole pieces la and the second magnetic pole pieces 10b and llb, the rotational torque (attractive torque between the field and the armature) when the armature 5 is not energized and under no load is the same as that of the third magnetic pole piece. As shown by the characteristic curve S in the figure, when the armature 5 rotates to the right due to the suction torque, the rotational torque is assumed to be 10,
If the rotational torque when the armature 5 rotates completely to the left is -, then the armature 5 rotates clockwise by a rotational torque of 10 and stops at a stable natural stop position R3 under no load. As the armature 5 further rotates to the right, the armature 5 passes through a circumferential angle of 2 halves where negative rotational torque is generated, further crosses a stable R1 section, and eventually reaches an unstable stop position R2. When the armature 5 exceeds this point, the armature 5 rotates clockwise toward the natural stop position R3 at the front of the rotation.

The first magnetic pole pieces 10a, lla and the second magnetic pole pieces i
By changing the relative shape and radial position with ob and itb, when the armature 5 is in the position shown in Fig. 2, the armature 5 and the field magnet 6 can have their magnetic pole centers facing each other. It is possible to make the rotational torque near the peak when the armature current is at the switching position, and to set this rotational torque to be slightly larger than the required load torque at startup.

Therefore, the armature 5 will not stop at the position where point P and point 01 shown in FIG. Since the required minimum torque is slightly larger than the load torque at startup, rotational irregularities of the armature 5 are also minimized.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 3, in the attraction torque characteristic S during de-energization, the natural stop positions are points R1 and R3, and in particular, this point R1 is located near the valley of the starting torque characteristic DO, but the third magnetic pole Due to the action of the piece 3c, the starting torque at the time of starting increases as DI or D2. The setting of this starting torque can be varied depending on the area of the third magnetic pole piece 3c, etc., as described above. The above first magnetic pole piece 3a, second magnetic pole piece 3b, and third magnetic pole piece 3c are shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 (side view of the magnetic core) or FIG. 7 (plan view of the magnetic core). As shown, any shape etc. can be selected. In particular, as shown in FIG. 7, the relative positions of the first magnetic pole piece 3a and the second magnetic pole piece 3b in the radial direction can be made different. Further, the third magnetic pole piece 3c is the first and second magnetic pole piece 3a and 3b.
Although the pole piece is formed in a continuous shape, it is of course possible to form it as a discontinuous independent pole piece.

Note that the first and second magnetic pole pieces 3a and 3b need to be made magnetically asymmetric by having different relative shapes, etc., so that the relative relationship between the armature and the field magnet when not energized is The circumferential center point Q1 of the magnet poles at the target stop position or the circumferential center point Q2 between the magnet poles, and the center P of the armature magnetic poles at the time of start-up energization.
is relatively shifted. Further, each magnetic pole piece portion may be formed not only on all but a part of the armature magnetic pole. Furthermore, the configuration is the same for any of the field rotating type, outer rotor type, and inner rotor type,
Furthermore, it can also be used as an AC motor.

Next, a specific example of a DC motor including such a magnetic pole core will be described.

First, the DC motor 2 is easy to assemble and highly practical.
In FIG. 8 showing 0, 21 is a permanent magnet ring serving as a stator, and N is a permanent magnet ring.

Six poles are magnetized on the inner peripheral surface so that the S poles are alternate. Note that by setting the number of magnetic poles to 2 (2m+1) poles (m is a natural number of 1 or more), opposing magnetic poles are always different.

22 is a coil, which is formed by winding an electric wire 22b inside a circular pobbin 22a having a shaft insertion hole in the center.

23 is a lower core formed according to the present invention, and coil 2
A disc part 23a is arranged concentrically on the lower end surface of the coil 22, and three parts are branched and extended from the circumference of the disc part 23a at an angle of 120 degrees each, and are bent at right angles along the outer peripheral surface of the coil 22. It consists of a first magnetic pole piece part 23b, a second magnetic pole piece part 23c, and a third magnetic pole piece part 23d, and is formed by pressing a magnetic material such as an iron plate.

24 is an upper core disposed concentrically on the upper end surface of the coil 22 also formed according to the present invention, and like the lower core 23, it includes a disk portion 24a, a first magnetic pole piece portion 24b, and a second magnetic pole piece portion 2.
4c, and a third magnetic pole piece portion 24d.

The lower core 23 and the upper core 24 are connected to the first magnetic pole piece 23b,
The second magnetic pole piece 23c is disposed on both end surfaces of the coil 22 so as to be located between the first magnetic pole piece 24b and the second magnetic pole piece 24c.

25 is a commutator, which includes a disc 25a made of an insulating material and having a shaft insertion hole in the center;
It consists of six commutator pieces 25b attached radially from the center on one side of the commutator 5a. Every other commutator segment 25b is electrically connected to form two commutator groups, and the coil 22 is connected to each commutator group.

26 is a shaft, which has a flange 26a formed approximately at the center in the length direction, and a stepped portion 26b and a stepped portion 26c at the lower end.
is formed, and an engagement portion for the transmission mechanism is formed on the upper end side circumferential surface.

The commutator 25 and the upper core 24 are connected to this shaft 26.
, the coil 22, and the lower core 23 are inserted, and the lower core 23 is caulked and fixed at the stepped portion 26b.

Reference numeral 27 denotes a brush, and a rectangular plate made of phosphor bronze is formed with an arc-shaped notch 27a, which serves as a relief part for the flange 26a, in the center of one long side, and at both corners located on this long side, as will be described later. A hole 27b that engages with the case is bored,
A hole 27c to which a lead wire 28 for power supply is connected is formed at both corners located on the other long side, and a sliding contact portion 27d for connecting to the commutator 25 is cut and raised in the center of the surface. . Note that two sliding contact portions 27d are formed to ensure contact with the commutator 25.

The two brushes 27 are disposed at point-symmetrical positions across the peripheral surface of the shaft 26, and each sliding contact portion 27d comes into contact with the commutator group of the commutator 25, respectively.

Reference numeral 29 denotes a case molded from a plastic material, and the upper surface thereof has a recess 29 into which the permanent magnet ring 21 is inserted.
a is formed, and the shaft 2 is located at the center of the bottom surface of this recess 29a.
A bearing hole 29b is formed in which the bearing 6 is supported by the stepped portion 26c. Further, four retaining protrusions 29c are formed on the upper surface, which is the surface where the recess 29a is formed, at positions corresponding to the holes 27b of the brush 27, and at each corner of the upper surface, at positions corresponding to the holes 27c of the brush 27, lead wires 28 are formed. A hole 29d for inserting and holding is bored.

Reference numeral 30 denotes a plastic plate cover attached to the upper surface of the case 29, in which an engagement hole 30a is bored at a position corresponding to the engagement protrusion 29c, and each corner is provided with the lead wire 28.
A notch is provided to facilitate connection to the brush 27.

Further, a bearing hole 30b for inserting and supporting the shaft 26 is bored in the center of the surface.

Each of the above-mentioned components is, as shown by the dashed line in the figure,
The permanent magnet ring 21 is arranged in the recess 29a, and the coil 2
2. Lower core 23. Upper core 24. Commutator 25. The armature consisting of the shaft 26 is connected to the stepped portion 26 of the shaft 26.
c is inserted into the bearing hole 29b and arranged at the center of the permanent magnet ring 21, the two brushes 27 are positioned by inserting the hole 27b into the engagement protrusion 29c, and the cover 30 is inserted into the engagement hole 30a. While aligning with the engagement protrusion 29c, the shaft 2
6 is inserted into the bearing hole 30b and engaged with the case 29, the engaging protrusion 29c is fixed to the cover 30 by heat welding or the like, and the lead wire 28 is passed through the hole 29d and inserted into the hole 27c of the brush 27 and soldered. Then, assembly is performed.

This type of DC motor has an armature coil that is concentrically wound around the shaft, making it easy to wind the motor, and together with the fact that the commutator and brushes are plate-shaped, it can be made flat and compact. Since the brushes are sandwiched between the case and the cover and fixed in position, assembly is extremely easy.Also, since the number of poles is 2 (2m+1), the opposing brushes are the same and are connected to the rotating shaft. The motor can be placed in a symmetrical position, and since the motor is flat and can be easily multipolarized, it can be rotated at low speeds. It will be a good thing.

Note that the armature core according to the present invention can of course be used for AC motors as well.

In the case of an AC motor, for example, in the DC motor shown in FIG. 8, if the commutator 25 is omitted and the permanent magnet is configured to rotate as a rotor, and single-phase AC is directly supplied to the coil 22, an AC synchronous motor ( For example, a small timer,
It can be operated as an electric watch (for example, for electric watches). In addition,
As with conventional AC motors, the rotation direction can be selected by providing a known reverse rotation prevention stopper or one-way rotation clutch in the external transmission mechanism for rotation in only one direction. Further, the rotation direction can also be selected depending on the shape, etc. (For this principle, please refer to Japanese Patent Application No. 59-232171 if necessary.

) The application of the magnetic pole core of a rotating electric machine according to the present invention is not limited to the motors of the embodiments, but can be widely applied to rotating electric machines in general, such as stepping motors and rotary plungers based on the same principle. Of course you can use it. In this case, the stepping motor does not require a commutator, has a structure in which a permanent magnet is rotated as a rotor, and can be rotated at fixed angle intervals by alternately reversing the positive and negative polarities of the supplied electric power. At this time, a pause time may be provided to completely stop each rotation to prevent synchronization. In addition, the commutator is omitted in the case of a rotary plunger, and the permanent magnet is structured to be rotatable, and a stopper for regulating rotation is provided externally so that the permanent magnet rotates within a predetermined rotation angle range. can.

As described above, according to the magnetic pole core according to the present invention, the first magnetic pole piece part and the second magnetic pole piece part are magnetically asymmetric, thereby reliably avoiding a starting dead center at the time of starting, and reducing the efficiency of the motor, etc. In addition to the basic effect of suppressing rotational unevenness to the minimum necessary level without any problems, by adding a third magnetic pole piece, the starting torque at the time of starting can be set to the optimum value.
Starting performance can be significantly improved.

Although the present invention has been variously explained above with reference to preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and it goes without saying that many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a partially exploded side view showing the magnetic pole core of a rotating electric machine according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view of a motor to which the core is applied, Fig. 3 is a torque characteristic diagram of the motor, 4 to 6 are partial side views showing a magnetic pole core showing another embodiment, FIG. 7 is a partial plan view showing a magnetic pole core showing another embodiment, and FIG. 8 is a partial side view showing a magnetic pole core showing another embodiment. An exploded perspective view of a DC motor to which the magnetic pole core according to the invention is applied, FIG. 9 is a plan view of the motor to which the magnetic pole core is applied, which is the premise of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a partially exploded side view clearly showing the core. Figure. In the drawing, 1... magnetic pole core, 2... coil,
2a, 2a... end surface, 2b... peripheral surface,
3... Magnetic pole + 3a... First magnetic pole piece part. 3b... Second magnetic pole piece part, 3c... Third magnetic pole piece part, 5... Armature, 6... Field magnet S, N...-magnet pole, Ql...
Circumferential center point of magnet poles, Q2... Circumferential center point between magnet poles, P... Armature magnetic pole center position.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of magnetic poles are bent and provided from both end faces of a coil concentrically wound around the axis to the circumferential surface, and all or part of the magnetic poles are divided into two in the circumferential direction. to form a first magnetic pole piece part and a second magnetic pole piece part, and at a relative stop position of the armature and field magnet when energized, the circumferential center point of the magnet poles or the circumferential direction between the magnetic poles. In a core for a magnetic pole of a rotating electrical machine, the shape or position of each magnetic pole piece is selected so that the midpoint and the center of the magnetic pole of the armature at the time of start-up energization are relatively shifted.
A core for a magnetic pole of a rotating electrical machine, characterized in that a third magnetic pole piece is provided between the magnetic pole pieces. 2. The core for a magnetic pole of a rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the third magnetic pole piece is formed in a continuous shape with the first magnetic pole piece and the second magnetic pole piece.