KR900001109B1 - Magnetic-pole cores for electro rotary machines - Google Patents

Abstract

The core comprises two flat discs or rings (16) around the peripheries of which are formed upstanding pole sections (17)(17'). The two discs are mounted in mutually inverted relationship on either side of a coil (14) wound concentric with the motor shaft (13). The resulting pole faces depend alternately on the two discs (16) to provide alternate north and south poles. Each pole section (17) has a main section (20) and a second section (21). The main section has a shaped integral portion (22) extending partway towards its associated second section (21). This enables the magnetic pole centre to deviate circumferentially from the physical pole centre

Description

Magnetic core for rotating electric machines

1 is a partially developed front view showing a magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a plan view showing main parts of a rotary electric machine.

3 is a rotation angle vs. coke characteristic diagram of a rotary electric machine using the magnetic pole core shown in FIG.

4 is a load torque characteristic diagram of a rotary electric machine using the magnetic pole core shown in FIG.

5 is a partially developed front view showing a magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a rotation angle vs. torque characteristic diagram of a rotary electric machine using the magnetic pole core shown in FIG.

Fig. 7 is a partially developed side view showing the magnetic pole core of the rotary electric machine according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a rotation angle vs. torque characteristic diagram of a rotary electric machine using the magnetic pole core shown in FIG.

9 is a front view showing a rectangular magnetic pole portion of the core for magnetic poles.

10 is a rotation angle vs. torque characteristic diagram of a rotary electric machine using the magnetic pole core shown in FIG.

11 is a partially exploded front view showing a magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

12 is a rotation angle vs. torque characteristic diagram of a rotary electric machine using the magnetic pole core shown in FIG.

13 is a rotation angle versus torque characteristic diagram of a rotary electric machine using a magnetic pole core in combination with FIG. 7 and FIG. 9 in relation to the modified embodiment of the fourth embodiment.

14 is a partial front view showing a magnetic pole core of the rotary electric machine according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a partial front view showing a magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a partial front view showing a magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

17 is a partial front view showing a magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

18 is a partial front view showing a magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

19 shows a magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19A is a partially expanded plan view thereof, and FIG. 19B is an elevation view.

20 is an exploded perspective view showing a widely used direct current motor.

21 is a partially cutaway plan view showing a direct current motor for a floppy disk.

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line I-I of FIG. 21. FIG.

23 is a plan view of the main portion showing the alternating current motor.

FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 23. FIG.

25 is an exploded perspective view of the AC motor of FIG.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram of the operating principle of the AC motor of FIG. 23. FIG.

Fig. 27 is a partially cutaway plan view showing a stepping motor.

FIG. 28 is a longitudinal front view of FIG. 27. FIG.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

10, 11, 30, 31, 40, 41, 50, 51, 130: stimulation core

12: field magnet 13, 76, 100, 111: shaft

14, 72, 92, 118: coils 15, 90, 120: armature

16, 95, 133: substrate portion 17, 36, 52, 131: magnetic pole portion

20, 33, 42, 61, 73b, 74b, 113a, 114a, 116a, 117b: first magnetic pole piece

20a: Longitudinal side 22, 35, 43, 73d, 74d of the first magnetic pole part: speech part

23, 65, 73e, 74e: third magnetic pole piece 33c, 113c, 116c, 117c: director

45, 64: 2nd speech part 63: speech part (third stimulus part)

71, 97: permanent magnet ring 72a, 119: circular bobbin

72b: wire 73, 115: bottom core

73a, 74a: negative portion 74, 112: wecore

75: commutator 75a: disc

75b: commutator piece 76a, 94a, 112b, 115b: flange

76b: ledge 77: brush

77a: cutout 77b: abutment

79: case 80: cover

91: bobbin 93: core

93a, 93b: pole 93d: closed magnetic circuit

94: fixing member 96: rotor

98: yoke 98a: bend

99: nut 101: bearing

102: Hool element 103: printed circuit board

104: turn table 105: power generation magnet

106: power generation coil 110: permanent magnet rotor

113, 114, 116, 117: magnetic pole 112a, 115a: disk-shaped ring

121, 122: bearing plate 132: magnetic pole member

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates generally to magnetic pole cores for rotary electric machines, such as direct current and alternating current motors, or stepping motors, and more particularly to magnetic pole cores for rotary electric machines aimed at improving the shape. In rotary electric machines, especially, a ring-shaped disciple magnet in which 2n poles (n is a natural number of 2 or more) magnetized in which neighboring poles are bipolar with each other, and are wound concentrically about an axis The coil is wrapped as a magnetic pole core along the magnetic circuit from both sides of the flat section of the coil, and each magnetic pole core is alternately formed on the main surface opposite to the magnetizing surface of the field magnet of the coil, so as to form a coil main surface. Multi-pole DC motors constituted by armatures in which magnetic poles of 2n poles in which neighboring poles are bipolar with each other and conversion means for converting the current direction of the coil in response to rotation have already been put to practical use.

By the way, in such a multi-pole DC motor, the magnetic pole portion of the field magnet is approximately equal to the magnetic pole center of the field magnet and the magnetic pole center of the armature side at the start (natural stop position) even when the magnetic pole portion is formed in a simple rectangular shape. In coincidence, a starting dead point occurs.

That is, in a DC motor, a starting dead point exists in the polarity change point of a commutator, and it does not become practical.

For this reason, in a conventional rotary electric machine such as a motor, a plurality of L-shaped poles are formed for each of the main poles arranged at equiangular intervals, or the shading of magnetically asymmetrical poles is provided. The shading plate is joined to the surface of the core having a magnetic pole, and the magnetic pole center of the magnetic field magnet and the magnetic pole center of the magnetic pole part of the armature side are staggered at a predetermined angle to avoid the above starting point.

However, none of these conventional means attempts to achieve the avoidance of maneuvering dead points by adding a separate member to the stimulus (main stimulus).

Therefore, the structure is complicated, and there is a drawback that the size of the gas is increased and further, the cost is increased.

In addition, the rotary electric machine based on the conventional means has the characteristic that the efficiency is maximized at any constant load torque, but the starting torque characteristic for each rotation angle is extremely small with respect to the maximum efficiency load. exist.

Therefore, starting is impossible without a small load, and at the same time, there is a defect that the overall efficiency is extremely low.

Thus, the present inventors have already focused on the shape of the magnetic pole part itself of the magnetic pole core, attempted to improve the shape thereof, and successfully avoided the maneuvering point.

According to this technique, the shape of the field magnet opposing face of the coil forming the magnetic circuit of the coil wound concentrically is directed in the relative direction of rotation of the armature to form the field magnet opposing face of the core so that the magnet magnetic pole of the field magnet. The armature is magnetically asymmetrical with respect to the center so that the magnetic pole center of the armature at the time of energization is staggered in the relative rotational direction of the armature with respect to the natural stop position due to the suction force of the field magnet of the armature during non-energization. By winding the winding concentrically with respect to the shaft center, the winding is easy and the number of winding holes can be increased, and the efficiency of the motor can be increased, and the motor can be configured with a multi-pole DC motor that is easy to flatten the motor. I found something.

However, the DC motor wound such an armature winding concentrically is because ① the minimum value of the starting torque characteristic for each rotation angle is considerably lower than the load torque at the maximum efficiency, and ② the variation of the suction torque of the magnet is large. However, the problem of large unevenness of rotation was not solved.

In addition, as described above, the DC motor wound concentrically with the armature winding, in order to increase the efficiency, the point of change of the current to the armature is placed at the point where the magnetic pole center of the armature and the magnetic pole center of the field coincide. Since the winding is wound concentrically, if the armature stops at the position where the magnetic pole center of the armature and the magnetic pole center of the crab coincide, it becomes impossible to start.

This means that even in the case where the shape of the magnetic pole core is magnetically asymmetrical in the armature, the armature is in a non-electrical state, for example, at a position where the magnetic pole centers of the armature and the field are coincident with each other. If the suction torque between the armature and the armature is smaller than the load torque, the armature continues to stop at the position as it is, so it is not started.

Therefore, in order for the DC motor of the above configuration to be started by avoiding the starting dead point, the suction torque of the field magnet is greater than the load torque when the armature is in the non-energized state at the position where the armature and the magnetic pole center of the field coincide. It is necessary to be large, whereby the above-mentioned starting dead point is avoided, and the above-mentioned rotation nonuniformity is caused due to the large suction torque of the field magnet in the non-energized state of the armature.

The inventors of the present invention have a condition that eliminates the unevenness of rotation to a minimum. (1) At a position where the magnetic poles of the armature and the field are in agreement with each other, the suction torque between the magnet and the armature in a non-energized state is the load torque at startup. Will be slightly larger than.

In the positions (2) and (1), the suction torque was found to be the maximum torque.

However, only by directing the field facing shape of the core of the armature, the condition of (2) cannot be satisfied.

That is, even if the direction length and the direction width of the extension part of the core are changed, the maximum torque position of the suction torque is hardly changed, and the maximum torque position cannot be set to an arbitrary position.

On the other hand, in order to increase the efficiency of the DC motor as described above, the magnetic flux of the field not only passes through the inside of the core surrounding the coil of the armature from both flat cross sections, but also between the NS poles adjacent to the field magnetic poles. It is better to let the field magnet opposing part go through.

To this end, it is better to reduce the gap between the cores formed on the concentric windings of the armature winding and alternate with each other, which is alternately bipolar. At this time, the suction torque of the crab magnet becomes too large, which causes a problem of requiring a large starting current.

It is an object of the present invention, in particular, in a rotary electric machine such as a motor having a magnetic pole core installed by bending a plurality of magnetic poles along a main surface from both end faces of a coil wound concentrically about an axis. It is to provide a stimulation core that can be reliably avoided.

Further, another object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic pole core for minimizing rotational nonuniformity and achieving high efficiency in such a rotary electric machine.

A magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine according to the present invention includes a pair of substrate portions sandwiching both ends of a coil wound concentrically about an axis, and a plurality of substrates alternately arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the coil from the periphery of the substrate portions. It is made as a magnetic pole part.

The magnetic pole part is further divided into two directions in the circumferential direction to form a first magnetic pole piece portion and a second magnetic pole piece portion, and the first magnetic pole piece portion and / or the second magnetic pole piece portion in the longitudinal direction on the longitudinal side. It is characterized by forming a speech section to be produced.

Based on this, in the relative stop position of the armature and the magnet at the time of non-energization, the center of the magnetic pole of the armature at the time of energization and the main direction of the field magnet or the main direction of the pole between the poles of the field magnet pole. It was aimed at reliably avoiding this relatively staggered and starting dead point at the time of starting.

In addition, the nonuniformity of rotation is remarkably reduced to achieve high efficiency.

In addition, by applying to the coil type wound concentrically, the basic effects of facilitating the multi-pole, flattening of the rotary electric machine, high voltage driving, and low cost are obtained.

In addition, in the case of multipolarization, it is difficult to obtain a rotational torque suitable for it by increasing the number of poles in conventional motors of various types, but by using the magnetic pole core according to the present invention, Corresponding rotational torque can be obtained.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 show a case where the magnetic pole cores 10 and 11 are applied to an inner rotor type Mo according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

First, a description will be given of the configuration of the motor Mo. A ring-shaped field magnet 12, in which six poles are alternately magnetized alternately in the N pole and the S pole, is disposed on the outside. Reference numeral 13 is a shaft, and a coil 14 is wound around the shaft 13. (10) is a magnetic pole core according to the present invention which wraps the coil (14) from one of the flat cross sections of the coil (14), and (11) the same magnetic pole wrapping the coil (14) from the other flat cross section of the coil (14). It is a core and is fixed to the shaft 13, respectively, and comprises the armature 15. The core 10 for a magnetic pole is a board | substrate part 16 which consists of a disk part and the radial part extended radially from the circumferential position of the periphery of the peripheral part, and about the middle of this radial plate part. It consists of the magnetic pole part 17 bent at right angles and extended to the main surface of the coil 14. As shown in FIG. The magnetic pole part 17 and the board | substrate part 16 are formed integrally continuously, and three magnetic pole parts 17 are formed in total. One magnetic pole part 17 is divided into two directions in the main direction, and forms a first magnetic pole piece portion 20 and a second magnetic pole piece portion 21, and the longitudinal side pieces 20a of the first magnetic pole piece portion 20. In the main body and the speaker 22 directed to the second magnetic pole piece portion 21 side are formed integrally. The speaker part 22 is provided in the middle part of the vertical side piece 20a, and is formed in the large image shape which becomes narrow gradually toward the front end.

Further, a third magnetic pole piece portion 23 selected from a predetermined area is provided between the first magnetic pole piece portion 20 and the second magnetic pole piece portion 21. The third magnetic pole piece portion 23 is continuously formed on the first magnetic pole piece portion 20, the second magnetic pole piece portion 21, and the substrate portion 16 (radial plate portion).

In addition, the shapes of the first magnetic pole piece 20 and the second magnetic pole piece 21 except for the third magnetic pole piece 23 and the speaker 22 are formed in a rectangular shape, and the heights thereof are substantially the same.

The distance between the first magnetic pole piece 20 and the second magnetic pole piece 21, the shape and area of the speaker 22, and the area of the third magnetic pole piece 23 can also be arbitrarily selected.

Therefore, the characteristics shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 can be set to the highest value by this.

Thus, by dividing the magnetic pole part 17 into the 1st magnetic pole piece part 20 and the 2nd magnetic pole piece part 21, the area of the magnetic pole part 17 of the armature 15 with respect to the field magnet 12 is reduced. As small as possible.

At the same time, the spatial circumferential angle between different magnetic poles adjacent to each other can be ideally reduced, thereby achieving extremely high efficiency.

Further, by the speaker 22, at the relative stop position of the armature 15 and the field magnet 12 at the time of non-energization, the magnetic pole center of the armature 15 at the time of energization and the field magnet 12 pole S The central midpoint of the pole or N pole) or the middle midpoint of the pole (between the S pole and the N pole) in the field magnet 12 pole can be made relatively blank.

Further, the stop position belongs to one of the two midpoints depending on the case where the full width of the magnetic pole part 17 is relatively small and large, and the rotation direction is also different.

The function of the speech section 22 is to make the first magnetic pole piece 20 and the second magnetic pole piece 21 magnetically asymmetrical, that is to say, by magnetically centering the magnetic center with respect to the geometric center of the magnetic pole part 17. Thus, the firing dead spot can be reliably avoided.

3, when the area of the third magnetic pole piece 23 is relatively small, the starting torque characteristic is T ₁₀ , and the characteristic is changed to T ₁₁ and T ₁₂ as the area is increased.

One of the magnetic pole cores 11 in the pair of opposing magnetic pole cores is configured like the core 10.

In this case, in each of the cores 10 and 11, the return directions of the magnetic poles are reversed, respectively, and the phenomenon of the magnetic poles is parallel to the same shape on the main surface of the coil 14, and the cores 10, The magnetic pole parts of (11) are alternately arranged.

Next, the operation of the motor Mo will be described.

In FIG. 2, for example, the direct current motor rotates clockwise (arrow H ₁ ).

In FIG. 2, Q ₂ is the center between the magnetic poles of the field magnet 12, and P represents the magnetic pole center of the armature during energization.

In addition, the current direction of the coil 14 is changed so that rotation may be continued by a conversion means (not shown) at a position near the point where the point P coincides with the point Q ₂ shown in FIG.

하고, 전기자(15)를 좌측방향으로 회전시킬 경우의 회전 토오크를

로하면, 전기자(15)는

의 회전 토오크에 의하여 우회전하여 무부하시에 있어서의안정된 자연정지 위치인 R₁에서 정지한다.First, the rotational torque (suction torque between the armature and the armature) at no load during the non-energization of the armature 15, as indicated by the characteristic curve T ^m in FIG. 3, causes the armature 15 to move to the right by the suction torque. Rotation torque when rotating

Rotation torque when the armature 15 is rotated to the left.

In other words, the armature 15

The motor rotates to the right by the rotating torque of and stops at R ₁ , which is a stable natural stop position at no load.

의 회전 토오크가 발생하는 주각도(周角度) 부분을 통과하여 곧 비안정한 정지 위치인 R₂에 도달하며, 이 정지위치 R₂를 넘어가면, 전기자(15)는 회전전방에 있는 다음의 자연정지위치 R₁(도시하지 않음)를 향하여 우회전을 하게 된다.And if the armature 15 is further rotated to the right, the armature 15

To pass the primary angle (周角度) portion of the rotating torque is generated shortly, and reaches the R ₂ Bianco specified stop position, goes beyond the rest position R _2, armature 15 is then a natural stop of which the rotational forward Turn right towards location R ₁ (not shown).

Then, the armature 15 and the field magnet of FIG. 2 are selected by selecting the shape and size of the first magnetic pole piece 20, the second magnetic pole piece 21, the directing portion 22, and the third magnetic pole piece 23. It is possible to set the rotational torque at the time of switching the armature current to the vicinity of the peak while opposing the magnetic pole centers with each other, and to set the rotational torque slightly larger than the required load torque at the start.

Thus, even under load, the armature 15 does not stop at the position where the P point and Q ₂ (Q ₁ ) point shown in FIG. ₂ coincide, so that the starting dead point is necessarily avoided and at the same time the armature ( Since the rotational torque of 15) is a minimum torque required to be slightly larger than the load torque at startup, the armature 15 can also be made to minimize the nonuniformity of the rotation.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, in the suction torque characteristic Ts at non-energization, the natural stop positions are R ₁ and R ₂ points, and in particular, this R ₂ point is located near the valley of the starting torque characteristic. Although it is located, the starting torque at the time of starting by the action of the third magnetic pole piece 23 becomes large such as T ₁₁ or T ₁₂ .

The setting of the starting torque can be varied by the area of the third magnetic pole piece 23 and the like as described above.

4 shows a load torque characteristic curve of the motor Mo using the magnetic pole cores 10 and 11 shown in FIG.

The test production motor obtained the fourth degree,

Rated voltage: 4.5V

Field magnet: inner diameter 24.5ø

Coil: 0.32 °, 550 times.

5 shows a second embodiment. The second embodiment is a special case in which the areas of the third magnetic pole pieces 23 are gradually reduced in the magnetic pole cores 10 and 11 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. .

In this case, the influence of the third magnetic pole piece is completely eliminated.

That is, one magnetic pole portion 36 of the magnetic pole cores 30 and 31 shown in FIG. 5 has a shape excluding the third magnetic pole piece portion 23 in FIG. 1 and the first magnetic pole piece portion ( 33), the magnetic pole portion 36 is configured as the second magnetic pole piece portion 34 and the speech portion 35.

FIG. 6 shows the characteristics of the motor Mo shown in FIG. 2 using the magnetic pole cores 30 and 31 of FIG.

In Fig. 6, T ₂₁ is a starting torque characteristic, and T ₂₂ is a suction torque characteristic at non-energized no load.

As specified in FIG. 6, the starting torque curve T ₂₁ becomes a characteristic that makes the valley of the characteristic T ₁₀ indicated in FIG. 3 even lower.

That is, the present embodiment is an example in which the third magnetic pole piece of the first embodiment is eliminated, and the effect of the third magnetic pole piece of the first embodiment is connected and the speech portion, so the angular range D depends on conditions such as excessive load. _In some cases, starting dead spots may occur between ₂₁ and _21. However, it is possible to avoid starting dead spots more clearly than in the prior art by setting a condition such as reducing the load or increasing the starting voltage. article)

7 shows a third embodiment.

The third embodiment changes the shapes of the magnetic pole cores 30 and 31 of the second embodiment shown in FIG.

The specific difference is that the magnetic pole cores 40 and 41 of the third embodiment are provided with the speech section 43 in the opposite direction to the first magnetic pole piece 42 and the second magnetic pole piece 44 as well. The second speech section 45 is provided in the opposite direction with respect to the speech section 43, which is different from the second embodiment.

FIG. 8 shows the characteristics of the motor Mo shown in FIG. 2 using the magnetic pole cores 40 and 41 of FIG.

In Fig. 8, T ₃₁ denotes a starting torque characteristic, and T ₃₂ denotes a suction torque characteristic at non-energized no load.

The core for stimulation according to the third embodiment may also have a starting dead point in the angular range D ₃₁ depending on the conditions.

R ₃ is a natural stop position, R ₄ is a stable point, and R ₅ is an unstable stop position.

This embodiment is an example in which the first speech section and the second speech section are formed as modifications of the second embodiment, and likewise, there is no third magnetic pole piece portion.

Also in this embodiment, when the small load or the starting voltage is high, the avoidance of the starting dead point is more reliably compared with the prior art (see Fig. 8).

9 to 13 show the fourth embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, in the magnetic pole cores 30 and 31 of the second embodiment (or the third embodiment), the magnetic pole portion 36 is applied to only a part of all the magnetic pole portions. In addition, every other magnetic pole portion 36 is formed in the circumferential direction, and the remaining magnetic pole portions are formed as the rectangular magnetic pole portions 52 having a rectangular shape as shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 shows a characteristic diagram when the magnetic pole core composed of only the rectangular magnetic pole portions 52 formed by selecting an area is applied to the motor Mo shown in FIG. 2, and T ₄₁ is a starting torque characteristic. , T ₄₂ is the suction torque characteristic at non-energized no load.

11, the magnetic pole cores 50 and 51 which combined the magnetic pole part 36 and the rectangular magnetic pole part 52 are shown.

FIG. 12 is a torque characteristic diagram of the motor Mo shown in FIG. 2 using the magnetic pole cores 50 and 51 shown in FIG. 11, and FIG. 13 shows each magnetic pole part of FIG. 7 and FIG. Torque characteristic diagram of the motor (Mo) shown in FIG. 2 using alternating magnetic pole cores alternately, T ₅₁ , T ₆₁ is the starting torque characteristics, T ₅₂ , T ₆₂ is the suction torque characteristics at non-energized no load, L ₅ and L ₆ indicate the load lines respectively.

All of them can sufficiently avoid maneuvering dead spots, and are particularly effective in multipole motors.

Since this embodiment is an example in which the magnetic pole portion of the second or third embodiment is combined with the conventional rectangular magnetic pole portion, it has the effects of the second or third embodiment, and sufficiently sufficient starting dead point in comparison with the prior art. This can be avoided (see also FIG. 13).

14 to 18 show typical examples of changes in the shape of the magnetic pole portion, and FIGS. 14 to 18 show the fifth to ninth embodiments, respectively.

In Figs. 14 to 18, reference numeral 61 denotes a first magnetic pole piece, 62 denotes a second magnetic pole piece, 63 denotes a speech part (third magnetic pole piece), and 64 a second speech. The numeral 65 denotes the third magnetic pole piece, respectively.

In the fifth embodiment, the speech section 63 plays the role of the speech section and the third magnetic pole piece of the first embodiment, and exhibits the same effects as those of the first embodiment.

Similarly to the first embodiment, the sixth embodiment has the same effect as the first embodiment because the magnetic pole portion is formed with the first magnetic pole piece portion, the second magnetic pole piece portion, the speech portion, and the third magnetic pole piece portion. The seventh embodiment also has the same configuration as the sixth embodiment, and thus exhibits the same effects as the first embodiment. The eighth embodiment is a modification of the second embodiment, which is almost identical in configuration, and thus exhibits the same effects as the second embodiment. The ninth embodiment is a modification of the sixth embodiment, in which the third magnetic pole piece portion is formed in a step shape.

Therefore, the same as in the sixth embodiment, and exhibits the same effects as in the first embodiment.

The tenth embodiment is an example in which the relative positions in the radial direction of the first magnetic pole piece and the second magnetic pole piece are different in the first to ninth embodiments.

This ensures the avoidance of maneuver dead points by maintaining magnetic asymmetry.

19 shows a tenth embodiment. In the tenth embodiment, the first magnetic pole piece portion 33 and the second magnetic pole piece portion 34 of the magnetic pole core of the second embodiment shown in FIG. In this case, the distance G is generated.

By varying the relative position in the radial direction in this manner, magnetic asymmetry can be retained in the magnetic pole part.

Changing the relative position in this way can also be applied to magnetic pole portions of any other formation, including magnetic pole portions formed from the various shapes described above.

Next, a specific embodiment of the application of the magnetic pole core according to the present invention to various rotary electric machines will be described in detail.

20 shows the case where it is applied to a DC motor Md which is widely used.

20 is a direct current motor that is easy to assemble and has good utility. Reference numeral 71 denotes a permanent magnet which is a stator, and six poles are magnetized on the inner circumferential surface of the N and S poles alternately.

Further, by setting the number of poles to 2 (2m + 1) poles (m is a natural number of 1 or more), the opposite poles must be bipolar. 72 is a coil, and is wound up by winding the electric wire 72b in the circular bobbin 72a provided with the shaft insertion hole in the center. 73 is a lower core formed in accordance with the present invention, and is divided into three at an angle of 120 degrees from the periphery of the disc portion 73a concentrically disposed on the bottom surface of the coil 72 and the disc portion 73a. It is made as a first magnetic pole piece portion 73b, a second magnetic pole piece portion 73c, a speaker portion 73d and a third magnetic pole piece portion 73e, which are bent at right angles along the outer circumferential surface of the coil 72. It is formed by pressing magnetic materials such as these. Also, 74 is also a concentric concentrically arranged on the upper end surface of the coil 72 formed in accordance with the present invention, and as shown in (73), the disc portion 74a, the first magnetic pole piece 74b, and the second magnetic pole. It consists of the piece part 74c, the speech part 74d, and the 3rd magnetic pole piece part 74e.

The lower core 73 and the upper core 74 are positioned between the first magnetic pole piece portion 73b and the second magnetic pole piece portion 73c between the first magnetic pole piece portion 74b and the second magnetic pole piece portion 74c. In addition, it arrange | positions in the both end surface of the coil 72. 75 is a commutator, and is formed as an insulating material, and has a disc 75a provided with a shaft insertion hole in the center thereof, and six commutator pieces 75b radially pasted from one center on one side of the disc 75a. ).

This commutator piece 75b is electrically connected every other and two commutator groups are formed, and the said coil 72 is connected to each commutator group. Reference numeral 76 is a shaft, and a flange 76a is formed near the center in the longitudinal direction. The commutator 75, the upper core 74, and the core 73 below the coil 72 are inserted into the shaft 76, and the lower core 73 is tightened and fixed at the lower portion of the step portion 76b. 77 is a brush and forms a rectangular plate of lean bronze copper, an arcuate notch 77a for entering the flange 76a at the center of one long side thereof, and a contact portion with the commutator 75 at the center of the surface ( The surface 77b is formed by cutting the surface.

In addition, two contact portions 77b are formed to ensure contact with the commutator 75.

Then, the two brushes 77 are disposed at the point symmetrical positions by interposing the main surface of the shaft 76 so that each contact portion 77b is in contact with each other in the commutator group of the commutator 75. Reference numeral 79 denotes a case molded of plastic material, and reference numeral 80 denotes a cover of a plastic plate provided on the upper surface of the case 79.

As shown in the figure, each component is provided with a permanent magnet ring 71 in the case 79, and the coil 72, the lower core 73, the upper core 74, and the commutator. (75), the armature formed from the shaft (76) is inserted into the shaft (76) to be disposed at the center of the permanent magnet ring (71), and the two brushes (77) are positioned on the cover (80), and the cover (80). ) Is assembled to the case 79 by fixing by heat welding or the like.

The DC motor constructed in this way is easy to wind the armature coil wound concentrically around the shaft, and is flat and compact due to the plate shape of the commutator and the brush. The assembly is very easy by pinching and fixing the position between them, and the number of poles is 2 (2m + 1), so that the opposite brush can be the same as the point-symmetric position with respect to the rotation axis, and the motor becomes flat. In addition, since it is easy to multipolarize and can be made low-rotation, there are also effects, such as using a flat gear, without using the worm and worm wheel which are not efficient in the rotation transmission mechanism of a motor.

21 and 22 illustrate a case where the DC motor Mf for floppy disks is applied. 90 is an armature, and is comprised as the coil 92 wound concentrically on the bobbin 91, and the core 93 which surrounds the coil 92 so that 20 poles may be alternately two poles on the opposite surface of a rotor.

The pole 93a and the pole 93b are formed in the core 93, and the extension part 93c facing the pole 93a is spoken to the pole 93b.

In addition, the core 93 is formed by combining the contraction core and the lower core to be a closed circuit at the inner circumferential surface of the coil 92. The upper and lower cores respectively have a pole 93a, a pole 93b, and a closed magnetic circuit portion 93d. ) Can be pressed into a single body, so that the production is easy. Reference numeral 94 is a fixing member which is attached to the inner circumferential surface of the armature 90, the flange 94a is fixed to the substrate 95, and the armature 90 is fixed to the substrate 95. 96 is a rotor and covers the outer circumferential surface and one end surface of the permanent magnet ring 97 which is disposed opposite to the outer circumferential surface of the armature 90 and alternately magnetized to be bipolar, It consists of a cup-shaped yoke 98 attached to the permanent magnet ring 97 and a shaft 100 fixed with a nut 99 at the center of the planar side surface of the yoke 98. The shaft 100 is inserted into a bearing 101 fitted around an inner circumference of the fixing member 94, so that the rotor is made of a rotating material.

In addition, the yoke 98 may be a magnetic material at least in part at least in contact with the main surface of the permanent magnet ring 97. Numeral 102 is a hool element and the permanent magnet ring 97 on the printed circuit board 103 attached to the substrate 95 so as to change the current direction of the coil 92 in accordance with the rotation of the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet ring 97. It is located opposite to) and only one is excreted.

Thus, according to the rotation of the rotor (rotor) 96, the arc element 102 changes the current direction of the coil 92, and different poles are alternately generated at each tip of the core 93, so that the rotor The rotation of 96 is continued.

Therefore, the turntable 104 fixed to the shaft 100 and fitted with the floppy disk (not shown) is rotated.

Next, the rotation speed detector mechanism of the rotor 96 will be described. 105 is a flat permanent magnet ring, which is a power generating magnet, attached to the bent portion 98a of the yoke 98, and has 60 poles on its flat side so as to be a magnetic pole of a pitch smaller than the magnetic pole pitch of the rotor 96. Is stimulated by NS alternation. Reference numeral 106 denotes a power generation coil, and a voltage induced in the power generation coil 106 by the rotation of the power generation magnet 105 is a frequency proportional to the rotation of the rotor 96 in proportion to the rotation speed of the rotor 96. The rotational frequency of the rotor 96 between the magnetic poles of the armature 90 is higher than the rotational speed of the furnace rotor 96, and the magnetic pole pitch of the power generating magnet is smaller than the magnetic pole pitch of the rotor 96. Speed is detected and speed control is performed based on it.

Such a motor Mf can be made inexpensive because the structure is simple and the part of the hool element and the circuit are good as a set.

In particular, a 3.5 kW floppy-disk DC motor has no load in the axial direction unlike the conventional planar facing type, and does not require the use of expensive bowl bearings, resulting in further cost reduction. have.

23 to 26 illustrate an alternating current motor Ma. 23 to 26, the permanent magnet ring body is formed as a permanent magnet rotor 110, which is a cylindrical four pole (2n pole) magnetized in alternating N pole and S pole at equal intervals on the pole. It is done. The shaft 111 penetrates up and down at the center of the rotor 110.

Reference numeral 112 is an upper core, and has a flange 112b bent downward at a right angle on the outer circumferential surface of the disk-shaped ring 112a. The center of the upper core 112 is opened in a circular shape, and the inner periphery of the upper core 112 is formed integrally with the magnetic poles 113, 114 bent at a right angle.

The magnetic poles 113 and 114 are provided opposite each other in a 180 ° positional relationship, and the magnetic poles 113 and 114 are divided into two directions in the circumferential direction, and have a pair of relatively wide magnetic pole pieces. It consists of a narrow magnetic pole piece, ie, the 1st magnetic pole piece 113a, 114a, and the 2nd magnetic pole piece 113b, 114b, respectively.

In addition, the director portion 113c is integrally addressed to the second magnetic pole piece 113b to the first magnetic pole pieces 113a and 114a (same as 114a), and the shapes of the first magnetic pole pieces and the second magnetic pole pieces are magnetically. Forms asymmetrically.

On the other hand, 115 is a lower core, and there is a flange 115b bent upwardly and perpendicularly to the outer circumference of the disk-shaped ring 115a, and the end face of the flange abuts against the end face of the flange 112b. All.

The center of the lower core 115 is opened in a circular shape, and the magnetic poles 116 and 117 formed by bending at right angles to the inner peripheral surface thereof are integrally formed. The magnetic poles 116 and 117 are formed as described above by a phase of 90 ° with respect to the magnetic poles 113 and 114. 116a and 117a are the first magnetic pole pieces, 116b and 117b are the second magnetic pole pieces, and 116c and 117c are the directing portions. The positional relationship of each of the magnetic poles 113, 114, 116, and 117 is that the magnetic poles 113, 114 on the upper core 112 side, the magnetic poles 116 on the lower core 115 side, 117 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and are surrounded by a predetermined interval with respect to the main surface of the rotor 110.

In addition, in each of the poles 113 and 116, the above-mentioned slight empty angles exist.

On the other hand, between each ring 112a and 115a, the ring-shaped bobbin 119 which coiled the coil 118 concentrically is arrange | positioned, and this comprises the armature 120. As shown in FIG. Reference numerals 121 and 122 are upper and lower bearing plates, which are formed in a disc shape as a nonmagnetic material.

With such a configuration, the relationship between the rotational coke characteristics during non-energization due to the suction force of the magnet and the magnetic pole position in the circumferential direction at the time of natural stop and the magnetization position of the permanent magnet ring is obtained. Since the shape can be arbitrarily set to some extent, the starting dead point at the time of energization can be avoided.

Therefore, when AC power is supplied from the AC power supply 124 to the coil 118, the poles 113, 114, 116, and 117 alternately become the N pole and the S pole, and serve as synchronous motors. do.

At this time, as in the embodiment, the direction of rotation can be regulated by selecting the shape and position of each magnetic pole piece.

That is, the magnetic circuit is complicatedly combined, thereby changing the relative magnetic circuit characteristics by changing the relative shapes of the first magnetic pole pieces and the second magnetic pole pieces, thereby regulating the rotation direction.

If the reason is explained based on FIG. 26, the magnetic circuit at the time of non-energization will be as follows.

① (solid arrow H ₁ ) N pole of rotor 110 → second magnetic pole piece 114b of upper core 112 → ring 112a → flange 112b → flange 115b → ring 115a → bottom The second magnetic pole piece 116b of the core 115 → the S pole of the rotor 110 → the N pole of the rotor 110.

② (dotted arrow H ₂ ) N pole of the rotor 110 → first magnetic pole piece 116a of the lower core 115 → ring 115a → lower core second magnetic pole piece 116b → rotor 110 S pole of the → N pole of the rotor (110).

③ (dashed arrow H ₂ ) N pole of the rotor 110 → first pole piece 116a of the lower core 115 → directing portion 116c → S pole of the rotor 110 → of the rotor 110 N pole.

In general, since magnetic circuits have many leakage magnetic fluxes, it is difficult to accurately grasp, but there are three dominant magnetic circuits.

The same applies to other stimuli. The natural stop position at the time of non-energization of the rotor 110 with respect to the magnetic pole 113 is determined by the ratio of the suction force which arises in the magnetic circuit of ①-③, For example, the longer the extension part 113C is made, Affected by the ruler of ③, the S pole of the rotor 110 is pulled over the angle produced by the tip of the direction portion 113c.

As a result, when the rotor 110 is energized, the rotor 110 rotates relatively in the direction of repulsion with respect to the field magnetic pole on the side where the rotation angle from the natural stop position of the armature becomes small. In this case, the output of the motor is also Big and efficient.

In addition, when the waveform to be rotated in the reverse direction with respect to the original rotation direction is entered, the magnetic pole center of the rotor 110 and the magnetic pole center of the armature 120 are pulled in the opposite directions, and the inertia is offset by a slight suction relationship. This occurs.

Therefore, it is a condition not to go further by inertia, and this condition is determined by input power, load size, and the like.

27 and 28 illustrate the stepping motor Ms. The stepping motor is structurally the same as the alternating current motor Ma shown in Figs.

That is, by sequentially applying a pulse wave to the coil 118 shown in FIG. 24, the motor Ma can be rotated at a predetermined angle.

In the stepping motor shown in FIG. 27, the basic configuration is the same as that of FIG. 24, but the magnetic pole member 132 including the magnetic pole portion 131 and the substrate portion 133 are configured separately, and the two are combined for stimulation. The core 130 was configured.

By configuring in this way, the coupling which the integral core 112 shown in FIG. 26 has can be eliminated.

That is, since the core 112 shown in FIG. 26 has bent its inner circumference to form magnetic poles 113 and the like, the geometrical constraints of the magnetic poles (particularly, lighting that cannot be made high in height) and the number of poles are limited (polar poles). And the like), and the defects are eliminated by using the magnetic pole member 132 that can be bent on the outer circumferential side to form the magnetic pole portion.

The various embodiments and their uses have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to these examples and uses. For example, the shape of the first magnetic pole piece portion, the second magnetic pole piece portion, the speech portion, and the third magnetic pole piece portion can be arbitrarily selected, and the formation position and the number of the speech portions (for example, formed side by side) are arbitrary. .

In addition to the motors exemplified in the application, various motors such as fan motors, vehicle-mounted motors, timer motors, and toy motors, and rotating flangers are generally widely used in rotary electric machines.

In addition, the inner rotor type, outer rotor type, or the like of the structure of the rotary electric machine.

In addition, any change without departing from the spirit of the present invention shall be permitted within the scope of the present invention.

The magnetic pole core of the rotary electric machine consists of a pair of substrate portions sandwiching both ends of a coil wound concentrically with respect to an axis, and a plurality of magnetic pole portions arranged alternately on the outer peripheral surface of the coil from the periphery of each substrate portion. The magnetic pole part is divided into two parts, the first magnetic pole piece and the second magnetic pole piece, and the speech part extending in the main direction on the longitudinal side of the first magnetic pole piece and / or the second magnetic pole piece is formed. Is done.

In addition, according to the most suitable form, a third magnetic pole piece is formed between the first magnetic pole piece and the second magnetic pole piece, thereby reducing the efficiency and nonuniformity of the rotation, and the magnetic pole center and field of the armature during starting energization. The moving dead point is avoided by making the main midpoint of the magnet pole or the main midpoint of the poles in the field magnet pole relatively relatively empty.

Claims (20)

A pair of substrate portions 16 sandwiching both ends of the coil 14 wound concentrically with respect to the shaft core 13 and alternately arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the coil 14 from the periphery of the substrate portions 16 In the magnetic pole cores 30, 31, 40, and 41 of the rotary electric machine comprising a plurality of magnetic pole parts 36, the magnetic pole part 36 is divided into two directions in the circumferential direction and the first magnetic pole. One piece 33, 42 and the second magnetic pole piece 34, 44 are formed, and the first magnetic pole piece 33, 42 and the second magnetic pole piece 34, 44 are vertical. A magnetic pole core for a rotary electric machine, characterized by forming a speaker section (35), (43), (45) directed in the circumferential direction on the side. The magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the first magnetic pole piece portions (33) and (42) and the second magnetic pole piece portions (34) and (44) are formed at the same height. The magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the speech sections (35), (43), and (45) are formed at an intermediate portion of the longitudinal side surface. The magnetic pole of a rotary electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the first magnetic pole piece portions (33), (42) and the second magnetic pole piece portions (34, 44) are formed by changing relative positions in the radial direction. Core. A pair of substrate portions 16 sandwiching both ends of the coil 14 wound concentrically with respect to the shaft core 13 and alternately arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the coil 14 from the periphery of the substrate portions 16 In the magnetic pole cores 10 and 11 of a rotary electric machine comprising a plurality of magnetic pole portions 17, the magnetic pole portions 17 are divided into two directions in the circumferential direction, and thus, the first magnetic pole piece portions 20 and 61. And second magnetic pole piece portions 21 and 62, and formed on the longitudinal side pieces 20a of the first magnetic pole piece portions 20, 61 and (or) the second magnetic pole piece portions 21, 62. Speech portions 22, 63, and 64 that extend in the circumferential direction are formed, and between the first and second magnetic pole piece portions 20, 61 and the second magnetic pole piece portions 21 and 62, respectively. A magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine, characterized by forming three magnetic pole pieces (23) and (65). The third magnetic pole piece portion 23, 65 is the first magnetic pole piece portion 20, 61 and the second magnetic pole piece portion 21, 62 and the substrate portion 16, respectively. A stimulating core of a rotary electric machine, characterized in that formed continuously on. 6. The magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine according to claim 5, wherein the third magnetic pole piece portions (23) and (65) are formed continuously in said speech portions (22) and (64). 6. The magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine according to claim 5, wherein the first magnetic pole piece portions (20) and (61) and the second magnetic pole piece portions (21) and (62) are formed at the same height. 6. The magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine according to claim 5, wherein the speech portions (22) and (64) are formed at an intermediate portion of the longitudinal side pieces (20a). The magnetic pole of the rotary electric machine according to claim 5, wherein the first magnetic pole piece portions 20, 61 and the second magnetic pole piece portions 21, 62 are formed with different relative positions in the radial direction. Core. A pair of substrate portions 16 sandwiching both ends of the coil 14 wound concentrically with respect to the shaft core 13 and alternately arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the coil 14 from the periphery of the substrate portions 16 In the magnetic pole cores 50 and 51 of the rotary electric machine comprising a plurality of magnetic pole parts 36, a part of the magnetic pole parts 36 is divided into two directions in the circumferential direction, and the first magnetic pole piece portion 33 And the second magnetic pole piece 34 to form a speaker 35 extending in the circumferential direction on the longitudinal side of the first magnetic pole piece 33 and / or the second magnetic pole piece 34. A magnetic pole core for rotating electric machines. 12. The magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine according to claim 11, wherein the magnetic pole portion remaining in said electrode portion (36) is formed in a rectangular shape. 12. The magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine according to claim 11, wherein the first magnetic pole piece portion (33) and the second magnetic pole piece portion (33) are formed at the same height. 12. The magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine according to claim 11, wherein the speech portion (35) is formed in the middle portion of the longitudinal side piece. 12. The magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine according to claim 11, wherein the first magnetic pole piece portion (33) and the second magnetic pole piece portion (34) are formed with different relative positions in the radial direction. 12. The magnetic pole core of a rotating electric machine according to claim 1 or 5 or 11, wherein the substrate portion (16) and the magnetic pole portions (17) (36) form a continuous body. 12. The rotary electric machine according to claim 1, 5, or 11, wherein the substrate portion 16, the magnetic pole portions 17, and 36 are each formed as a separate member and are combined. Stimulus core. In the magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine having a substrate portion and a plurality of magnetic pole portions formed on the substrate portion, a part or all of the magnetic pole portions is the first magnetic pole piece portion 61, the second magnetic pole piece portion 62 and the third And a third magnetic pole piece (63), which is in contact with the first magnetic pole piece (61) and the second magnetic pole piece (62). Stimulation core. 19. The magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine according to claim 18, wherein the first magnetic pole piece portion (61) and the second magnetic pole piece portion (62) have equal distances extending from the substrate portion. 20. The magnetic pole core of a rotary electric machine according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the first magnetic pole piece portion (61) and the second magnetic pole piece portion (62) are formed so as to have different relative positions in the radial direction.

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