JPS61147703A - Battery erroneous connection preventing device of electric automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent a reverse voltage from being applied to a load side by connecting an alarm which operates when a battery is connected reversely at the positive and negative sides with a load drive circuit. CONSTITUTION:If a main switch 14 is closed when a battery 5 is connected in a normal state, a current is flowed through a reverse blocking diode 17 to the coil 16b of a relay 16 to close a make contact 16a. Accordingly, power from the battery 5 is supplied to a motor 4. If the switch 14 is closed when the battery 5 is connected reversely, no current is flowed to the coil 16b of the relay 16 due to the interruption of the diode 17. Since a diode 22 is conducted by the reverse connection, a current is flowed to an alarm 12 to fire it.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) This invention relates to a battery misconnection prevention device for an electric vehicle, specifically a battery misconnection prevention device for an electric vehicle that issues a g signal when a battery is connected in reverse. It is related to.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, electric vehicles are equipped with loads such as electric motors and lamps, and batteries that supply electric power to drive the loads. In particular, for battery-powered electric vehicles, not only the puff battery needs to be charged and discharged many times, but also
Because the amount of discharge from a fully charged state to the next charge is large, the life of the battery is short.For this reason, the battery replacement cycle is shorter than the battery of a general internal combustion engine driven vehicle, and the battery must be replaced frequently with a new one. or removed and reconnected for maintenance. To prevent the positive and negative electrodes from being accidentally connected in reverse during connection, the wiring and terminals are marked and the colors are changed to distinguish between the positive and negative electrodes.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As described above, although measures have been taken to prevent batteries from being connected incorrectly, the positive and negative terminals may be connected in reverse due to carelessness or the like. In this case, a reverse voltage is applied to the load side, and the load may not be driven, the performance of the load may deteriorate, or the life of the load may be shortened.

This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and can be used in cases where the positive and negative polarities of the battery are accidentally connected.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery erroneous connection prevention device for an electric vehicle that issues an alarm.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a method for driving the load in an electric vehicle or the like that includes a load and a battery that supplies driving power for driving the load. The device is characterized in that an alarm is connected to the circuit, which is activated when the battery is connected in reverse.

(Function) According to the present invention, when the positive and negative polarity of the battery is reversely connected to the drive circuit that supplies power to the load, the alarm is activated to issue an alarm. Therefore, even if the battery is accidentally connected in reverse, it is prompted to make a normal connection, thereby preventing problems from occurring on the load side.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an electric golf car, which is an example of an electric vehicle to which the erroneous connection prevention device of the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a plan view thereof.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an electric golf car as an example of a one-seater electric car used on a golf course, and the electric golf car 1 is provided with one front wheel 2 and two rear wheels 3. . Mounted in the center of the vehicle body are an electric motor 4 that drives the rear wheels 3, two batteries 5 that serve as a power source for the electric motor 4, and a control device 6 that controls the electric motor 4 and the like. A riding platform 7 is provided between the rear wheels 3, and loading platforms 8 for loading golf packs are provided on both sides of the vehicle body.

The front wheels 2 are turned by a steering shaft 9, and the steering shaft 9 is supported by a support 410 supported by the rear wheels 3. A handle 11 is located above the steering shaft 9.
is fixed, and on the right side there is an accelerator 12 that drives the electric motor 4.
is provided. Support arms 13 for supporting the upper part of the golf puncture are provided on both sides of the upper part of the support lo. In addition, the main switch 1 is located in the center of the handle 11.
4 is provided to enable the electric motor 4 to be driven.

FIG. 4 is a drive circuit diagram of an electric golf car to which the present invention is applied.

The battery 5, the electric motor 4, and the chopper circuit 15 constitute a drive circuit, and a relay 16 is connected to this drive circuit. This relay 16 consists of a make contact 16a and a coil part 16b, and the coil part 16b is connected to the main switch 14 via a reverse wave prevention diode 17, and opens and closes the make contact 16a when the main switch 14 opens and closes. It has become.

Further, the chopper circuit 15 changes the conductivity of the motor current, and the chopper circuit 15 is built into the control device 6 together with the accelerator output circuit 18. The accelerator output circuit 18 is composed of a potentiometer, and its output is controlled according to the degree of opening of the accelerator 12. A power transistor 19 forming a part of the chopper circuit 15 is switched according to the output of the accelerator output circuit 18 to change the conductivity of the motor current supplied from the battery 5 to control the speed of the electric motor 4. It has become.

A flywheel diode 20 is connected in parallel to the electric motor 4, so that when the chopper circuit 15 cuts off the motor current, the energy of the electric motor 4 is released.

A lamp serving as an alarm 21 is connected to the drive circuit of the electric motor 4 via a diode 22. diode 2
The cathode side of 2 is connected to the positive side of the battery 5, and when the battery 5 is in a normal connection state, the load current flowing to the lamp 21 is cut off, and when the positive and negative terminals of the yatsuri 5 are reversely connected, the diode 22 is conductive. The lamp will light up. Note that the alarm 21 may be a horn, a buzzer, or the like.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

When the battery 5 is connected in the normal state shown in the figure,
When the main switch 14 is turned on, current flows to the coil portion 16b of the relay 16 via the anti-cane 1F diode 17, closing the make contact 16a. Therefore, electric power from the battery 5 is supplied to the electric Ja4 to drive it. In this case, the power of the battery 5 is cut off by the diode 22, and the alarm 21 does not light up.

On the other hand, if the battery 5 is connected with the positive and negative terminals reversed, even if the main switch 14 is turned on, the reverse wave prevention diode 17
Therefore, no current flows through the coil portion 16b of the relay 16. Therefore, the make contact 16a of the relay 16
does not close, so no reverse voltage is supplied to the chopper circuit 15 and the motor 4, so the chopper circuit 15 and the motor @4 are protected.

In addition, since the diode 22 becomes conductive due to the reverse connection of positive and negative, current flows to the alarm device 21, lighting it up and issuing an alarm.

Therefore, it is possible to easily recognize that the positive and negative connections are reversed, and the connection can be changed to a normal connection.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing another embodiment.

In this embodiment, the alarm 21t is not specially used, but instead utilizes the horn of the vehicle. That is, the generator 23 is driven by an internal combustion engine (not shown).

This power generation @ 23 is connected to the /8 battery 5 via a rectifier diode 24 and a fuse 25, and
It is connected to the load via the main switch 14. A horn switch 26 and an alarm 21 that also serves as a horn are connected in parallel to the battery 5.

A diode 27 is connected between the horn switch 26 and the alarm 21.
It is connected to the positive electrode side of the battery 5 via.

Therefore, when the battery 5 is connected in the normal state shown in the figure, the AC output of one power generation a23 is rectified by the rectifier diode 24 and charged to /<+7 teri5 via the fuse 25. Then, when the main switch 14 is turned on, power from the battery 5 is supplied to the load via the fuse 24 when the generator 23 is stopped or its output is small. Further, when the horn is used, if the horn switch 26 is turned on, the alarm 21 is used as a normal horn.

By the way, when the positive and negative connections of the Yatsuteri 5 are reversed, the current flows through the power generation #11!23, the rectifier diode 24 and the fuse 2.
A closed circuit of 5 is formed, fuse 25 is blown, and generator 2
3. Prevents and protects the coil from generating heat.

At this time, the battery 5, alarm 21 and diode 27
A closed circuit is also formed between them, and the alarm 21 is activated. Therefore, when the fuse 25 is blown, the alarm 21 indicates that the battery 5 is connected in the opposite direction.

Since this alarm 21 issues an alarm even if the fuse 25 is not blown, it is certainly recognized that the connection is reversed.

Note that in this embodiment as well, the alarm 21 may be a lamp or a buzzer.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, this invention connects the load drive circuit with an alarm that activates when the battery is connected in reverse.If the positive and negative sides of the battery are connected incorrectly, the alarm is activated. It is easy to recognize that the positive and negative connections have been reversed.

Therefore, the battery can be connected properly, and problems on the load side can be prevented.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an electric golf car showing an example of an electric vehicle to which the battery erroneous Pa connection prevention device of the present invention is applied, Fig. 2 is a side view thereof, Fig. 3 is a plan view thereof, and Fig. 4 is this A driving circuit diagram of an electric golf car to which the invention is applied, FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing another embodiment. 4...Electric motor 5...Battery 14...
・Main switch 15...Chopper circuit 18...
Accelerator output circuit 21...Alarm

Claims (1)

[Claims] Misconnection of a battery in an electric vehicle that is equipped with a load and a battery that supplies driving power to drive the load, and in which an alarm that activates when the battery is connected in reverse polarity is connected to the drive circuit of the load. Prevention device.