JPS6114602Y2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6114602Y2 JPS6114602Y2 JP14084779U JP14084779U JPS6114602Y2 JP S6114602 Y2 JPS6114602 Y2 JP S6114602Y2 JP 14084779 U JP14084779 U JP 14084779U JP 14084779 U JP14084779 U JP 14084779U JP S6114602 Y2 JPS6114602 Y2 JP S6114602Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- friction
- melting point
- low
- skirt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 Pb and/or Zn Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910034327 TiC Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Description
【考案の詳細な説明】
本考案は、例えば自動車用内燃機関等のピスト
ンの減摩構造に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to an anti-friction structure for a piston in, for example, an internal combustion engine for an automobile.
近時、内燃機関の高性能とともに、軽量で熱伝
導性に優れたアルミニウム合金ピストンが多用さ
れているが、周知のようにこの種ピストンは、高
温のシリンダ内を高速度で往復運動し周期的な衝
撃力を受けるとともにシリンダ壁との間に強い摩
擦を生じるため、上記熱伝導性のみならず、上述
の苛酷な条件に耐え得るに十分な強度、摩擦性能
等の諸特性を要求される。 Recently, aluminum alloy pistons, which are lightweight and have excellent thermal conductivity, have been widely used to improve the performance of internal combustion engines.As is well known, this type of piston reciprocates at high speed inside a high-temperature cylinder, causing periodic movements. Since the cylinder is subjected to a severe impact force and generates strong friction with the cylinder wall, it is required not only to have the above-mentioned thermal conductivity but also to have various properties such as sufficient strength and frictional performance to withstand the above-mentioned severe conditions.
ところで、これら諸特性のうち摩擦性能につい
てみるに、ピストンリングに関しては種々の検討
がなされているが、このリングよりも下方側面、
特にスカートの下縁部に関しては、熱および機械
的変形にかかわる問題点についてこそ各種の対策
が講じられているけれども、その摩擦性能につい
ての改善策については十分な提案がなされていな
いのが現状である。 By the way, when looking at friction performance among these various characteristics, various studies have been made regarding piston rings, but
In particular, regarding the lower edge of the skirt, although various measures have been taken to address problems related to heat and mechanical deformation, there are currently no sufficient proposals for improving its friction performance. be.
そこで、このスカート下縁部における摩擦の大
きさについて本考案者等が実験により確めたとこ
ろ次のような結果を得た。この実験は通常のアル
ミニウム合金ピストンと、スカート下縁部を切除
した同種ピストンとについて、モーター駆動方式
エンジン実体試験により摩擦トルクを計測したも
ので、条件としては、ピストン、コンロツド、ク
ランクシヤフトを装備し、給油温度80℃、回転数
は1000〜5000r.p.mとした。その結果は、横軸に
回転数、縦軸に摩擦トルクをとつて示す第１図の
とおりである。すなわち、同図から明らかなよう
に、スカート下縁部を切除したピストンは通常の
ピストンに比して摩擦トルクが回転数に関係なく
ほぼ一様に24Kg−cm低減している。このことは、
スカート下縁部の摩擦性能に寄与する度合の顕著
であることを改めて首肯させるものである。 Therefore, the present inventors conducted experiments to confirm the magnitude of friction at the lower edge of the skirt, and obtained the following results. In this experiment, the friction torque was measured using a motor-driven engine actual test for a normal aluminum alloy piston and a piston of the same type with the lower edge of the skirt removed.The conditions were as follows: , the oil supply temperature was 80°C, and the rotation speed was 1000 to 5000 r.pm. The results are shown in FIG. 1, where the horizontal axis represents the rotational speed and the vertical axis represents the friction torque. That is, as is clear from the figure, the friction torque of the piston with the lower edge of the skirt cut off is almost uniformly reduced by 24 kg-cm compared to a normal piston, regardless of the rotational speed. This means that
This confirms once again that the lower edge of the skirt significantly contributes to the frictional performance.
しかるに、従来アルミニウム合金ピストンに対
しては特別の処理を施すことなくそのまゝ使用す
るのが通常であるため、これが大きな摩擦損をも
たらしている。同時に、元来、アルミ合金が大き
な熱膨脹係数を有するところから常温でのピスト
ン・クリアランスを大きくとらざるを得ず、これ
がため低温時の運転に打音の発生を伴い易くして
いる。しかも、これが反復されるとピストンスカ
ート部が片減りし、次いでピストン・リングの摩
耗に至り、ついにはエンジンの出力低下を招く惧
れがあるものであつた。 However, conventional aluminum alloy pistons are usually used as they are without any special treatment, resulting in large friction losses. At the same time, since aluminum alloy has a large coefficient of thermal expansion, it is necessary to provide a large piston clearance at room temperature, which tends to cause hammering noise when operating at low temperatures. Moreover, if this process is repeated, the piston skirt portion will be worn out on one side, which will then lead to wear of the piston rings, which may eventually lead to a decrease in engine output.
本考案は叙上の点に鑑み、ピストンのシリンダ
内壁との摺接面、特にそのスカート下縁部に四弗
化エチレン樹脂等の低摩擦性合成樹脂とPb、Zn
等の低融点金属粉末との混合塗膜を被着成形し、
かつこの塗膜表面を切削して上記低融点金属粒子
の切削露出層を形成させ、もつてピストンの耐摩
擦性能を改善しようとするものである。更に四弗
化エチレン樹脂等の低摩擦性合成樹脂の柔軟性に
より打音の発生を抑えることも期待できる。 In view of the above points, the present invention has been developed by using low friction synthetic resin such as tetrafluoroethylene resin and Pb, Zn on the sliding surface of the piston with the cylinder inner wall, especially the lower edge of the skirt.
A mixed coating film with low melting point metal powder such as
The surface of this coating film is cut to form an exposed layer of the low melting point metal particles, thereby improving the friction resistance of the piston. Furthermore, the flexibility of low-friction synthetic resins such as tetrafluoroethylene resins can be expected to suppress the occurrence of hitting sounds.
以下図示実施例について本考案を説明すると、
第２図において、１は図示しないシリンダ内に摺
接するピストン、２はピストンリングを嵌装する
ためのリング・グルー、３はこのリンググルーブ
に隣接する各ランド部、４はピストン・ヘツドを
示す。 The present invention will be explained below with reference to the illustrated embodiments.
In FIG. 2, 1 is a piston that slides into a cylinder (not shown), 2 is a ring glue for fitting a piston ring, 3 is each land adjacent to this ring groove, and 4 is a piston head.
然して、５はピストンボス部６を有するスカー
ト部で、上記リング・グルーブ２より下方部分を
占め、その円周状周面、少くとも下縁部分には四
弗化エチレン樹脂とPbおよび（または）Znとの
混合塗膜が形成されている。 5 is a skirt portion having a piston boss portion 6, which occupies a portion below the ring groove 2, and its circumferential surface, at least the lower edge portion, is coated with tetrafluoroethylene resin, Pb and/or A mixed coating film with Zn is formed.
そして、この塗膜層の形成には、まず通常のエ
アスプレイガン（例えばノズル径0.8〜2.0φ、空
気圧2.0Kg／cm2）でPbおよび（または）Zn粉末を
分散させた四弗化エチレン樹脂デイスバー・ジヨ
ンを該スカート部に吹付け、乾燥後、焼成（例え
ば380℃で15分間）し、この塗膜表面に切削加工
を施して塗膜厚さ50μに成形する。 To form this coating layer, first, use a regular air spray gun (for example, nozzle diameter 0.8 to 2.0φ, air pressure 2.0 Kg/cm 2 ) to disperse Pb and/or Zn powder into tetrafluoroethylene resin. Disburr coating is sprayed onto the skirt portion, dried, and then baked (for example, at 380° C. for 15 minutes), and the surface of the coating is cut to form a coating with a thickness of 50 μm.
このように、四弗化エチレン樹脂と低融点金属
粉末との混合塗膜の表面を切削して低融点金属粒
子の切削露出層を形成するようにした上記ピスト
ン１は、摺接すべきシリンダ壁との接触面が、上
記樹脂およびそれらの間に露呈した低融点金属粒
子と金属との接触となるため、金属間相互の摩擦
接触に比し著しい摩擦抵減効果を得られるととも
に、露呈した低融点金属粒子によりシリンダ壁に
対する馴染み性を良好ならしめ、かつ耐摩耗性を
改善することができ、更に、上記塗膜を切削する
ことによりピストンのシリンダ内壁に対する嵌合
隙間を所望の高精度に保ち得る利点が得られる。
上記減摩性能については、以下条件による実体試
験によつて第３図に示す如き結果が得られ、上記
効果の顕著なことが確認された。 In this way, the piston 1, which is formed by cutting the surface of the mixed coating film of tetrafluoroethylene resin and low melting point metal powder to form a cut exposed layer of low melting point metal particles, is attached to the cylinder wall to be in sliding contact. Since the contact surface is the contact between the resin and the low melting point metal particles exposed between them, it is possible to obtain a remarkable frictional resistance effect compared to mutual frictional contact between metals, and also to reduce the exposed low melting point metal particles. The melting point metal particles can provide good compatibility with the cylinder wall and improve wear resistance.Furthermore, by cutting the coating film, the fitting gap between the piston and the cylinder inner wall can be maintained at the desired high precision. You get the benefits you get.
Regarding the anti-friction performance, results as shown in FIG. 3 were obtained in a practical test under the following conditions, and it was confirmed that the above-mentioned effect was remarkable.
条 件
試験機 ：モータ駆動方式エンジン実体試験機
エンジン ：４気筒1600c.c.
油 温 ：80±2.5℃
油 圧 ：4.6〜4.8Kg／cm2
油 種 ：SAE＃30
油粘度 ：18cst（80℃）
メタルクリアランス：40〜45μ
冷却水温度：80±２℃
流 量 ：24／min
また、上述の減摩効果に加えて、上記塗膜層は
ピストン１の側面に弾力性を与えることとなり、
従来の如き金属相互の衝突音とは異なつて打音が
吸収低減され、しかも摩擦音も減少してエンジン
運転時の騒音緩和に優れた効果を期待することが
できる。Condition test machine: Motor-driven engine actual test machine Engine: 4-cylinder 1600c.c. Oil temperature: 80±2.5℃ Hydraulic pressure: 4.6 to 4.8Kg/cm 2 Oil type: SAE#30 Oil viscosity: 18cst (80℃) ) Metal clearance: 40~45μ Cooling water temperature: 80±2℃ Flow rate: 24/min In addition to the anti-friction effect mentioned above, the coating layer gives elasticity to the side surface of the piston 1,
Unlike the conventional collision noise between metals, the hammering sound is absorbed and reduced, and frictional noise is also reduced, so it is possible to expect an excellent effect in alleviating noise during engine operation.
次に、樹脂塗膜層の第２の実施例としては、上
記第１実施例における四弗化エチレン樹脂に、例
えばポリアミドイミド、芳香族ポリエステル、ポ
リフエニレンサルフアイド等の、スカート部温度
上昇に耐え得る熱硬化性樹脂または熱可塑性樹脂
を添加し、これをスカート部５に塗布することが
できる。これによると、上記第１の実施例に比べ
て、長期使用時における耐摩耗の信頼度が向上す
る。 Next, as a second embodiment of the resin coating layer, in addition to the tetrafluoroethylene resin in the first embodiment, for example, polyamideimide, aromatic polyester, polyphenylene sulfide, etc. are used to reduce the temperature increase in the skirt portion. A durable thermoset or thermoplastic resin can be added and applied to the skirt 5. According to this, the reliability of wear resistance during long-term use is improved compared to the first embodiment.
さらに、第３の実施例として、重量％で50〜90
％の四弗化エチレン樹脂と、合計９〜40％のPb
および（または）Zn等の低融点金属と、合計１
〜20％のAl2O3、SiO2、TiC等の硬質添加材の１
種または２種以上との混合物をスカート部５に塗
布して焼成し、この塗布層の表面を切削して成形
する。上記構成をスカート部５に形成したピスト
ンは、低融点金属による添加材の馴染み性、およ
び硬質添加材による耐摩耗性の相乗効果により、
上記第２の実施例よりもさらに摩擦特性の優れた
ものとなる。 Furthermore, as a third example, 50 to 90% by weight
% tetrafluoroethylene resin and a total of 9-40% Pb
and (or) a low melting point metal such as Zn, total 1
~20% of hard additives such as Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , TiC, etc.
The seed or a mixture of two or more types is applied to the skirt portion 5 and fired, and the surface of this applied layer is cut and shaped. The piston with the above structure formed in the skirt portion 5 has a synergistic effect of the compatibility of the additive material due to the low melting point metal and the wear resistance due to the hard additive material.
The friction characteristics are even better than those of the second embodiment.
また、以上の混合物に、さらに、20％以下のグ
ラフアイト、四弗化エチレン樹脂の焼成粉末、
MoS2等の固体潤滑材を添加すれば摩擦特性はさ
らに向上する。 In addition, in addition to the above mixture, 20% or less graphite, fired powder of tetrafluoroethylene resin,
Addition of a solid lubricant such as MoS 2 will further improve the friction properties.
第４の実施例として、重量％で50〜90％の四弗
化エチレン樹脂と、合計９〜40％のPbおよび
（または）Zn等の低融点金属と、合計１〜20％の
Al2O3、SiO2、Tic等の硬質添加材の１種または
２種以上と、１〜10％のリンの金属間化合物およ
び（または）１〜10％のリン酸遠との混合物をス
カート部５に塗布して焼成し、この塗布層の表面
を切削して成形する。 As a fourth example, 50 to 90% by weight of tetrafluoroethylene resin, a total of 9 to 40% of low melting point metals such as Pb and/or Zn, and a total of 1 to 20% of
Skirt a mixture of one or more hard additives such as Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , Tic, etc. and 1-10% phosphorus intermetallic compound and/or 1-10% phosphoric acid It is coated on part 5 and fired, and the surface of this coated layer is cut and shaped.
また、以上の混合物に、さらに、20％以下のグ
ラフアイト、四弗化エチレン樹脂の焼成粉末、
MoS2等の固体潤滑材を加えれば、摩擦特性はさ
らに向上し、摩擦の安定化を図ることができる。 In addition, in addition to the above mixture, 20% or less graphite, fired powder of tetrafluoroethylene resin,
Adding a solid lubricant such as MoS 2 can further improve friction properties and stabilize friction.
第５の実施例として、スカート部５に四弗化エ
チレン樹脂とPbおよび（または）Znとを含む混
合物を塗布して焼成し、この塗布層の表面を切削
して摺動面を成形する場合において、上記Pb、
Znに塗布層の最終的な膜厚より大きい粒径の粒
子を含ませてもよい。すなわち、塗膜表面の切削
によりPb、Znの粒子の一部が必ず摺動面に現
れ、このPb、Znにより相手材との馴染み性が優
れたものとなる。 As a fifth embodiment, a mixture containing tetrafluoroethylene resin, Pb and/or Zn is coated on the skirt portion 5, and the mixture is fired, and the surface of this coated layer is cut to form a sliding surface. In, the above Pb,
Zn may contain particles having a larger particle size than the final thickness of the coating layer. That is, when the coating surface is cut, some Pb and Zn particles inevitably appear on the sliding surface, and these Pb and Zn provide excellent compatibility with the mating material.
なお、上記各種の実施例を挙げたが、これらの
塗膜はスカート部５のみならずランド３にも低融
点金属粉末を含む低摩擦性合成樹脂を塗布しても
よいことは勿論であり、また低摩擦性合成樹脂と
しては四弗化エチレン樹脂と同等の性質を有する
ものであれば何れでもよいことは言うまでもな
い。 In addition, although the above-mentioned various examples have been given, it goes without saying that these coating films may be applied not only to the skirt portion 5 but also to the land 3 with a low-friction synthetic resin containing a low-melting point metal powder. It goes without saying that any low-friction synthetic resin may be used as long as it has properties equivalent to those of tetrafluoroethylene resin.
以上のように本考案によれば、ピストン摺接面
の摩擦係数が減少するとともに衝撃音が低減し、
さらに耐久性が向上するという効果が得られる。 As described above, according to the present invention, the friction coefficient of the piston sliding surface is reduced, and impact noise is reduced.
Furthermore, the effect of improving durability can be obtained.
特に四弗化エチレン樹脂と低融点金属粉末との
混合塗膜の表面を切削して低融点金属粒子の切削
露出層を形成したものであるから、露呈した低融
点金属粒子によりシリンダ壁に対する馴染み性が
良好となり、かつピストンのシリンダ内壁に対す
る嵌合隙間制御が所望の高精度に保ち得られる利
点がある。 In particular, since the surface of the mixed coating film of tetrafluoroethylene resin and low melting point metal powder is cut to form an exposed layer of low melting point metal particles, the exposed low melting point metal particles have good compatibility with the cylinder wall. This has the advantage that the fitting gap between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder can be controlled at a desired high precision.
第１図はスカート部の摩擦トルクに及ぼす影響
を調べた実験結果のグラフ、第２図はピストンの
概略を示し、本考案に係る合成樹脂を塗布する場
所を説明するための図、第３図は本考案に係るピ
ストンの摩擦低減効果を実験結果により示すグラ
フである。
１・・ピストン、５・・スカート部。
Figure 1 is a graph of the experimental results examining the effect of the skirt on the frictional torque, Figure 2 is a diagram showing an outline of the piston, and is a diagram for explaining where to apply the synthetic resin according to the present invention, and Figure 3. is a graph showing the friction reduction effect of the piston according to the present invention based on experimental results. 1. Piston, 5. Skirt part.
Claims (1)
との摺接面のうち、少なくともスカート下縁部に
おいて被着成形せしめて成る四弗化エチレン樹脂
等の低摩擦性合成樹脂とPb、Zn等の低融点金属
粉末との混合塗膜に、上記低融点金属粒子の表面
切削による露出層を形成したことを特徴とするピ
ストン。 At least the lower edge of the skirt is made of a low-friction synthetic resin such as tetrafluoroethylene resin and a low-melting point material such as Pb or Zn, which is made of a low-friction synthetic resin such as tetrafluoroethylene resin and a low-melting point material such as Pb or Zn. A piston characterized in that an exposed layer is formed by cutting the surface of the low melting point metal particles on a mixed coating film with metal powder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14084779U JPS6114602Y2 (en) | 1979-10-11 | 1979-10-11 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14084779U JPS6114602Y2 (en) | 1979-10-11 | 1979-10-11 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5657947U JPS5657947U (en) | 1981-05-19 |
| JPS6114602Y2 true JPS6114602Y2 (en) | 1986-05-07 |
Family
ID=29372177
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14084779U Expired JPS6114602Y2 (en) | 1979-10-11 | 1979-10-11 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6114602Y2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58193031U (en) * | 1982-06-18 | 1983-12-22 | 臼井国際産業株式会社 | piston |
| JPS59108850A (en) * | 1982-12-14 | 1984-06-23 | Mazda Motor Corp | Engine piston |
| JPS61135967A (en) * | 1984-12-04 | 1986-06-23 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Oil-supply free type two-cycle engine |
-
1979
- 1979-10-11 JP JP14084779U patent/JPS6114602Y2/ja not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5657947U (en) | 1981-05-19 |
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