JPS6114541A - Torsion and bending composite testing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the practicability by applying a test piece with both uniform torsional moment and uniform bending moment of mutually different components, and varying the values of the both freely at an optional ratio. CONSTITUTION:The material test-piece 10 is fitted to the center part of a both- end supported beam 7 through chucks 8 and, and both end parts are supported at fulcra 11 and 12; and loading points 13 and 14 are provided at intermediate points, and counter balancing weights 15 and 16 whose weight values are variable are provided to both end parts of the beam 7. The right and left fulcra 12 and 11 are moved to vary the bending moment value, and eccentric parts 17 and 18 are projected from the loading points 13 and 14 in the opposite lateral directions to vary the torsional moment value by the movement of the loading points 13 and 14. Then, a common load value 46 is converted into two moment values through wires 23 and 23.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION a) Industrial Application Field The present invention provides a method for simultaneously applying ζ, both a uniform torsion moment and a uniform bending moment, in any variable ratio including 0, to a single specimen. This article relates to a material testing machine that can be used in combination.

b) Prior Art Conventionally, single-function testing machines that individually apply a torsion moment or a bending moment to a material test piece are well known.

However, in actual mechanical motion mechanisms, there are very few cases where only twisting or bending acts simply on a shaft, for example.

Gears, flywheels, pulleys fixed on horizontal axes,
In cranks, etc., it is common for a torsional moment and a bending moment due to gravity to be applied in combination at the same time. There was a concern that measurements were made while ignoring the actual values, resulting in a considerable error between the actual values and the actual values.

Therefore, there has been a long-awaited development of a torsion-bending composite testing machine that can realistically reproduce such a state in which loads with different components are applied in a composite manner.

C) Problems to be Solved by the Invention In view of the above-mentioned needs, the first object of the invention is to provide a material testing machine that can simultaneously apply both a uniform torsion moment and a uniform bending moment to a single test piece. It is to create and provide.

A second object of the present invention is to create and provide a material testing machine that can change the values of both the torsional moment and bending moment to be applied to any value including zero.

A third object of the present invention is to create and provide a material testing machine that can distribute and load torsional moments and bending moments with different components at any ratio including O from a single common load value. That's true.

A fourth object of the present invention is to create and provide a material testing machine that can always equally distribute a single common load value to a pair of load points.

d) Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has a structure in which a test piece is attached to the center,
A horizontal both-end support beam having fulcrums at each end and a load point at each intermediate portion is provided, and the pair of fulcrums can be displaced between each end and each intermediate portion. On the other hand, the pair of load points are displaceable between the respective intermediate portions and the eccentric portions provided in opposite lateral directions from the intermediate portions.

Alternatively, in addition to the above configuration, a single common weight that can be evenly distributed to the pair of load points is loaded.

e) Function The principle of the present invention is that, as shown in FIG. Both ends are supported by fulcrums 11 and 12, respectively, one load point 13 is provided at one middle portion, the other load point 14 is provided at the other middle portion, and two load points are provided at both ends of the beam 7, respectively. Counter-balancing weights 15 and 16 whose weight can be changed are provided and adjusted so that the initial value applied to the test piece 10 when no load is applied is zero.

In the beam 7 having such a configuration, the value of bending moment 5 is further calculated by connecting the fulcrums 11 and 12 to each end of the beam and the load points 13 and 1.
This is achieved by moving between 4 and 4 respectively. Since the attached test piece 10 is at the center of the beam 7, it is desirable that the displacements of the right and left fulcrums be equal values, but it is possible to make the displacements unequal and apply an unbalanced load to either the left or right. It is also possible to do so.

As shown in Fig. 1(b), if the left and right supports 11 and 12 are moved until they match the positions of the load points 13 and 14, the value of one bending moment becomes 0, and conversely, the value of 1 bending moment becomes 0. The value of one bending moment increases with displacement towards both ends (see Figures 1a and C).

Next, the value of the torsional moment can be changed by protruding the eccentric parts 17 and 18 in opposite lateral directions from the load points 13 and 14 on each intermediate part, respectively. This is achieved by moving between the intermediate part and the eccentric part 17,18 respectively. The displacement amount of both is
Since the attached test piece 10 is located at the center of the beam 7, it is desirable that the load be uniform, but it is also possible to apply uneven loads depending on the case.

As shown in FIG. 1(C), both load points 13 and 14
When moved until it coincides with the position of each intermediate point on the beam 7, the value of the torsion moment becomes 0.

On the contrary, if each load point is displaced towards each eccentric 17.18, the screw and moment values increase (first
(see figures a and b).

Disks 19 and 20 or arms 21 and 22 are usually used as members for projecting eccentric parts 17 and 18 from midpoints on beam 7.

As shown in FIG.
Although it is easy to deal with the displacement of the load point between the center and the eccentric portion 18, it is impossible to deal with the case where the torsion angle is large.

In the case of 1 disk ♀0, the connection point between the load transmitting material, for example, the wire 23 and the circumferential surface of the disk 20 is set at an arbitrary point 24, 24a, . . . ζ on the circumference other than the eccentric part 18 Therefore, it is sufficient to cope with the case where the torsion angle caused by the torsion moment tζ is large.

When it is desired to reduce the value of the torsional moment from the maximum eccentric portion 18 to O, one disk 20 must be able to accommodate this; it is not impossible, but it is not easy. In that case, wire 23 is connected to disk 2.
It is possible to connect to any point 25.25 a on the circumference located below tζ from the eccentric part 18 of 0, and the lower limit point 25 a is the position where the value of the screw or moment is O. (See Figure 2 and Figure 1C). However, in that case, it becomes impossible to cope with cases where the helix angle is large.

Therefore, when connecting the ζ wire at the connection point 25 on the circumference of the disk 200, the diameter of the 18th wire is 0 yen.
This makes it possible to deal with cases where J is too high.

A major feature of this invention is that the desired common load value transmitted by both wires 23 23 is converted into both a torsion moment and a bending moment with different components, and further, By correlating the changes in the two moment values, they can be distributed and used in any ratio.

The weights transmitted to each load point 13 and 14 via the transmission material 23, 23 may be provided separately for both, or a single weight common to both may be equally distributed and used.

As shown in Figure 1, the means for uniformly distributing a single weight is such that the lower ends of the wires 23 and 23 suspended from each load point are connected to both ends of the horizontal beam 1 pass, and the wires 23 and 23 are connected to the center of the horizontal beam. A weight t46 is loaded and its beam is mounted so that it can move up and down along the vertical direction just below the center of the specimen 10, while each load point is attached to the middle part 13.14.
In order to accommodate the displacement between the beam and the eccentric portion 17, 18, it is also possible to perform an angular displacement movement about the center of the beam.

f) Embodiment The structure and operation of the present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings based on one specific embodiment.

Bed 4 of a predetermined height can be kept in a horizontal position regardless of the floor 30 by height adjustment screws 29, 29 provided at the four corners of the bottom, and there is a large notch in the center of the bed. Then, with the notch inside, the bed 28 is separated into two parts on the left and right.
The two divided beds are connected to each other by a cross member 31 installed along the diagonal line above the notch.

A material test piece 10 is fixed above the center of the notch by being gripped at both ends by chucks 8 and 9, and hollow drum-shaped bosses 32 and 32 are fixed to the base of each chuck. Disks 19 and 20 are each attached to the outer periphery of the boss, while support shafts 33 and 33 extend horizontally from the center of each boss, and counterbalancing weights are provided at the left and right ends of each support shaft. 15
and 6 can be installed respectively.

On the other hand, guide stands 34, 3 are provided on the left and right beds 28, 28 along the axial direction of the support shaft 33, 33, respectively.
4, and brackets 35 and 35 are each mounted on the guide stand so as to be freely displaceable in the axial direction, and furthermore, the upper end of each of the brackets is connected to a pair of horizontally facing parts, as shown in FIG. The pair of bottles is formed by a sleeve 36 and is pivoted at fulcrums 11 and 12.
The inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 36 contacts the cylindrical guide 37 in a slidable manner, and #139 is carved along the direction of the cylindrical guide.
A proximal end threaded portion 41 of the locking handle 40 is screwed into a threaded hole penetrating from the upper surface to the inner surface of the locking handle 6, and the lower end of the threaded portion 41 protrudes into the #39 (see FIGS. 5 and 6).
(see figure).

Therefore, when the lock handle 40 is turned to loosen the threaded portion 41, the sleeve 36 can be displaced along the cylindrical guide 37, and along with this displacement, the fulcrums 11 and 12 are respectively displaced on the support shaft 33.

Tightening the locking handle 40 at the desired displacement position advances and locks the threaded portion 41 in the desired position within the groove 39 of the cylindrical guide 37, thus achieving displacement of the fulcrums 11 and 12.

The sleeve 36 in which the bottle corresponding to the fulcrum is implanted enters into the boss 32 of the disc 20 at maximum displacement, and the position of the fulcrum coincides with the base of the disc 20. At this time, the value of one bending moment becomes 0, and the value of the bending moment increases as it is displaced laterally from that position.

Next, since the change in the value of the torsion moment has already been described in FIG. 2, it will be omitted in the embodiment.

An example of the means for evenly distributing the load is as follows. That is, the cross material 31 located directly below the center of the test piece 10
A cylindrical guide 42 is vertically set up from the bottom surface of the cylindrical guide 42, and a hollow @ 43 is provided along the guide 42, which is capable of vertical movement and turning angle displacement movement. Beams 44.44 are provided protrudingly. On the other hand, the center of a circular saucer 45 is fixed to the lower end of the hollow shaft 43, and a weight 46 of a desired weight can be placed on the saucer. Arms 47.47 project upward from the left and right sides of the saucer, and the upper ends of the arms support the projecting ends of the horizontal beams 44.44. Each beam is fitted with a ring 48, 48 which is displaceable in its axial direction, to which the lower end of the load transmission wire 23, 23 is connected, and the upper end of each wire is located at the load point. 13
．． It is connected to 14.

Therefore, not only is the weight of the common weight 46 equally distributed on the left and right sides and transmitted to each wire 23.23, but also the ring 48.48 at the lower end of each wire is displaced in the axial direction of each beam 44.44. Since the hollow shaft 43 supporting each beam 44% 44 is angularly displaced relative to the cylindrical guide 42, the load point 13. 14 is the intermediate part and eccentric part 17.18
It is possible to sufficiently correspond to any arbitrary displacement between the two and to make the follow-up displacement. 49 is a spare weight.

At the center of the upper surface of the cross material 31 is a T-shaped center positioning rod 50.
is buried, and the vertical part of the rod is inserted into the vertical cylindrical guide 42. Therefore, if you pinch the horizontal part of the rod with your fingers and move it upward, the horizontal part will be able to pivot around the vertical part, and both ends of the horizontal part will always maintain an equal distance from the vertical part. Because it is displaced.

Left and right stiffness 9. The top position of the eggplant can be set to be equidistant from the left and right.

g) Effects of the invention The present invention allows the fulcrums 11 and 12 that support both ends of the beam 7 to be movably displaced from the ends (maximum bending moment) to the load points 13 and 14 (minimum bending moment -=0), and The load points 13 and 14 can also be moved from the middle part on the beam 7 (minimum torsional moment - 0) to the eccentric parts 17 and 18 (maximum torsional moment), so the load points 13 and 14 are attached to the center of the beam 7. Single specimen I
Not only can a uniform screw moment and a uniform bending moment with different components be combined and applied to O at once, but also the values of both can be freely changed and loaded at any ratio including O. This makes it possible to faithfully reproduce the compound moment of bending and torsion that is applied to the shaft in various actual mechanical motion mechanisms, and to evaluate the strength characteristics of the material test piece 10 under the compound stress state. The present invention is further configured so that bending and torsion moments having different components can be distributed from a single common load weight 46 at any ratio including 0. , it is easier to grasp mutual relationships than with individual load application methods.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a single common load weight 46 that is movable up and down and movable in a swing angle to connect a pair of load points 13.1 via a pair of horizontal beams 44.44 with a variable swing radius.
Since the structure is configured so that the load can be distributed evenly at all times, it is suitable for material testing that assumes a balance between the left and right load values.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the principle of a material testing machine according to the present invention, of which (a) shows a state in which both torsion moment and bending moment are applied at arbitrary ratios. (b) shows a state where only torsion moment is applied and the value of one bending moment is O. (C) shows a state in which only bending moment is applied and the value of torsion moment is 0. Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of changing the value of torsion moment by displacing the load point between the intermediate part and the eccentric part, and Fig. 3 is a partially longitudinal front view illustrating a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is a plan view of Figure 3. Figure 5 is an enlarged longitudinal section taken along line 5-5 in Figure 4.
6 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along line 6-6 in FIG. 5. 7...Both end support beams, 8 and 9...Chucks. 10... Material test piece, 11 and 12... Fulcrum (bin) 13 and 14... Load point (middle part). 15 and 16... variable weight counterbalancing weight, 17 and 18... eccentric part, 19 and 20...
...Disc% 21 and 22...Arm. 23.23...Load x transmission material example! ! Waguya. 24.248, 25.25a... Connection point with the load transmission material on the circumference of the disk, 26... Small diameter disk, 27... Its maximum eccentricity. 28...Bed, 29.29...Height adjustment screw. 30...Floor, 31...Cross material, 32.32...
boss. 33.33... Support shaft, 34.34... Guide stand. 35.35...Bracket, 36...Sleeve, 3
7... Cylindrical guide, 38... Bearing, 39... Groove, 40... Lock handle, 41... Threaded portion, 42
...Cylindrical guide, 43...Hollow shaft. 44.44...Horizontal beam, 45...Circular saucer,
46... Weight, 47.47... Arm. 48, mallet...ring, 49...preliminary weight. 50...TW center positioning rod.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a horizontal double-end supported beam with a test piece in the center, a fulcrum at each end, and a load point at each intermediate part, the pair of fulcrums are connected to each end and each intermediate part. means for applying a bending moment of an arbitrary value including 0 by displacing the load points between the intermediate portions and the eccentric portions disposed in opposite lateral directions from the intermediate portions; A torsion-bending composite testing machine comprising means for applying a torsion moment of any value including 0 by displacing each of them; (2) In a horizontal double-end supported beam with a test piece in the center, a fulcrum at each end, and a load point at each intermediate part, the pair of fulcrums are connected to each end and each intermediate part. means for applying a bending moment of an arbitrary value including 0 by displacing the load points between the intermediate portions and the eccentric portions disposed in opposite lateral directions from the intermediate portions; means for applying a torsional moment of any value including 0 by displacing each, and a horizontal beam with a weight that can move up and down along the vertical direction directly below the center of the test piece and can also move with angular displacement. , load distribution means connecting both ends of the beam and each of the load points with respective transmission materials;