JPS61141078A - Electronic french word dictionary - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the number of words stored in a dictionary by supplying the inflection of a noun and adjective from a common dictionary and processing the inflection of many words according to the principle and exception rules. CONSTITUTION:French language processing system is constituted of an input device 1, a memory device 2, an output device 3, an electronic French word dictionary 4 and a controller 5. The electronic French word dictionary 4 is provided with a principle storage area 4a for storing principles of the inflection due to the sex and number of noun and adjective subjects, an exception rule storage area 4b for storing exception rules relating to the inflection of a noun and adjective capable of being made into a rule among those which cannot and an irregular area 4c for storing sequentially the inflection of a noun and adjective, which cannot be made into a rule, among nouns and adjective which do not obey the principle.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an electronic French word dictionary that can be built into various language processing systems that handle French, such as a French language learning machine and a French word processor, and more specifically, to a French language dictionary. This invention relates to an electronic word dictionary that stores the numeralization and gender variations of nouns and adjectives.

[Prior Art 1] Conventionally, electronic English word dictionaries have been used for spell checking, for example in English word processors.

By the way, when comparing the grammar of English and French, as is well known, the written grammar is far more complex.For example, when looking at nouns and adjectives, in English, only nouns are quantified. In contrast, in French, many nouns and adjectives are quantified and have irregular inflections.

Moreover, in French, nouns and adjectives change gender (inflection in endings depending on gender), and some of them change gender quite irregularly.

However, not all of the endings of French nouns and adjectives mentioned above are listed in general French dictionaries, and even when they can be searched in general French dictionaries, it takes a long time to search. There's a problem.

On the other hand, the development of language processing systems that handle French, such as French language learning machines, is progressing, and from this perspective, the emergence of an electronic French word dictionary that can accurately and quickly supply inflections of French nouns and adjectives is expected. Although this is desired, as mentioned above, the inflections of French nouns and adjectives are complex, and this increases the capacity of dictionaries, which has been a bottleneck.

[Object of the invention] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and includes:
The purpose is to provide an electronic French word dictionary that can store the inflections of French nouns and adjectives in a small amount of space.

[Structure of the Invention] The present inventor has discovered that even when the endings of French nouns and adjectives do not follow the principle, most of them can be regularized by the ending letter or character string of the original form (masculine singular). , and focusing on the fact that many of these exceptional rules are common to nouns and adjectives, we have regularized many of the inflections of nouns and adjectives that do not follow the rule.

As a result, the electronic Buddhist word dictionary according to the present invention has a principle storage area that stores the principles of inflection according to the gender and number of the subject of French nouns and adjectives, and an inflection area for nouns and adjectives that do not follow the above principles. An exception rule storage area that stores the exception rules for those that can be regularized, and a storage area that stores the inflections verbatim for nouns and adjectives that do not follow the above principles and for which it is impossible to regularize the inflections. The structure includes irregular areas.

[Effect of the invention 1] According to the present invention, the inflections of nouns and adjectives can be supplied by a common dictionary, and the inflections of many words can be processed based on the principle and exception rules. Compared to the case where inflections are memorized one by one, the number of words stored in the dictionary is significantly reduced. Thereby,
It is possible to significantly reduce the capacity of the dictionary and provide an electronic word dictionary that can be built into a general-purpose language processing system.

[Example] Next, embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, the general configuration of a language processing system that handles French will be explained based on FIG. and a control device 5.

Each device will be explained below.

Input device 1 This is a device for inputting character/word information and necessary parameter information into the storage device 2 in this device, and uses, for example, a keyboard device, a doublet device, an 0CR1 magnetic tape, etc.

Storage device 2 A device that stores character/word information input from the human-powered device 1, reads necessary data from the dictionary 4, and edits a desired character string, and includes, for example, a core memory, an IC memory, or a magnetic disk. etc. are used.

Output device 3 A device that outputs the character information stored and edited in the storage device 2 and the character information generated in the dictionary 4, such as a printer, a display device, etc.

1. A device in which data is efficiently stored so as to be able to provide variations of nouns and adjectives required from character information and parameter information in the storage device 2, such as a core memory. , IC memory, etc. are used. In addition to the dictionary 4 for nouns and adjectives, this language processing system can also include an electronic dictionary that supplies deformations of other parts of speech such as verbs.

a! [1] A device for controlling the transmission and reception of signals between the devices 1 to 4f11, for example, a computer is used.

Hereinafter, the language processing system is equipped with, for example, a keyboard device as the input device 1 and a display device as the output device 3, and the input device 1 is used to input character strings representing the original form of French nouns or adjectives, and the original form (masculine singular). By inputting parameters etc. that specify the desired inflection (feminine singular, masculine plural, or feminine plural) corresponding to the above-mentioned inflection (form), the output device 3 can determine the character string representing the above-mentioned inflection. This stone explains the structure of Dictionary 4 in more detail assuming that it is a French language learning machine.

As shown in FIG. 1, the dictionary 4 basically has a storage area 4a,
It has an exception rule storage area 4b and an irregular area 4C.

Principle storage area 4a This area 4a contains the following principles I and II that govern the sexualization and numerization of French nouns and adjectives.
is stored. In other words, Principle I (sexualization)...
Add -e to the masculine end of the masculine nouns (sexual nouns) and all adjectives.

Principle II (numerization): Add -S to the singular end of plural countable nouns and quality adjectives.

Exception rule storage area 4b This area 4b stores exception rules for exceptional nouns and adjectives whose endings do not follow the above principles I and II, but whose endings can be regularized. There is.

That is, many of the inflections of nouns and adjectives whose masculine or singular forms have specific endings can be regularized by the above exception rule.

The first is the typical exception rule for sexualization and numberization.
Listed in Table and Table 2. For example, the exception rule in Table 1 is that if the masculine ending of the noun or adjective is -e,
Contrary to the general rule, it stipulates that the masculine ending is used as the feminine ending, and Exception Rule II states that if the masculine ending of a noun or adjective is -81 or -eau, then the feminine ending is・It is specified that el le. From now on, the endings shown in the masculine endings column in Table 1 -
e, -el, -ea%l... as the first type of specific endings,
Endings -5s-x shown in the column of singular endings in Table 2,
-2... is called the second type of specific ending.

By the way, if there are many words that change irregularly without following the exception rules even though they have specific endings of type 1 or 2, the exception rules would be meaningless. 2
There is only one word that does not follow the exception rule XII (-au→-aux) as shown in the upper column of Table 3, and the word that does not follow the exception rule X1ll (-eu--eux) is I!
Only 2 words as shown in the middle column of Table I & 3, exception rule XIV
As shown in the lower column of Table 3, the number of words that do not comply with this rule is extremely small, only 8 words, and therefore, the above exception rule greatly contributes to reducing the dictionary capacity.

Irregular area 4C is the 1st to 4th area 4
Divided into ci to 4c iv.

(i) In the first region 4ci, the first type of specific endings -e, -
Nouns/adjectives that change irregularly without following exception rules I-X despite having el, -eau...
For (hereinafter referred to as type 1 irregular words), their original forms and feminine singular endings are stored verbatim.

(ii) The second region 4c ii contains the original form and feminine singular of nouns and adjectives that do not follow the above principle I (type 2 irregular words) among the nouns and adjectives that do not have a specific ending of type 1. Word endings are stored verbatim.

(iii) Although the third region 4c iii has the second type of specific endings -5, -X, -2, etc., as illustrated in Table 3, it does not follow the exception rules XI to XIV. The original forms and masculine plural endings of words that change irregularly (type 3 irregular words) are stored verbatim.

(iv) The fourth area 4c iv contains words that do not follow the above principle 11 among words that do not have the second type of specific ending (
The original forms and masculine plural endings of type 4 irregular words are stored verbatim.

Hereinafter, the operating procedure of the French learning machine will be explained based on the flowchart No. 121.

(i) * First, the input device 1 is used to input the spelling of the original form of the word and various parameters, including the part of speech, whether it is a noun, whether it is a gendered noun, whether it is a countable noun, and whether it is an adjective. , parameters indicating whether it is a quality adjective and the desired variation are input.

(ii) Next, in step S1, it is determined whether or not the input word is sexualized based on the above parameters, and if there is no sexualization, the gender change processing block is skipped and the process proceeds to Sll. , Even if there is sexualization, if the desired deformation is a masculine plural form, no gender change processing is necessary, and the process proceeds to Sll.

(iii) If there is sexualization and the declension is feminine singular or feminine plural, proceed to S2 and proceed to S82 to S
The word input in step 4 is stored in the exception rule storage area 4b & of the dictionary 4.
: Stored first type specific endings -e, -el,...
・, -gu is determined, and if it has the first type specific ending, it is assumed that the gender change of the input word does not comply with the above principle I, and S5 Proceed to.
(iv) In S5, the input word is compared with the first type irregular word stored in the first irregular area 4ci of the dictionary 4, and if it is a first type irregular word, it is checked in S6. @1 The feminine singular ending of the irregular word is extracted from the irregular region 4ci, and the ending is combined with the original form in the memory device M2,
Sexualization processing is performed for each irregular word.

(v) If the input word is not a type 1 irregular word, the ending of the feminine singular according to the applicable exception rule is extracted from the exception rule storage area 4b in S7, and the ending is stored in the storage device 2 as the original form. They are synthesized and subjected to sexual processing.

(vi) If the input word does not have the first type specific ending, the process proceeds to S8, and the input word is the second type irregular ending stored in the second irregular area 4c ii of the dictionary 4. It is determined whether the word is a rule word or not.

(vii) If the irregular word is of the second type, the feminine singular ending of the irregular word is extracted from the second irregular region 4cii in S9, and subjected to sexualization processing in the storage device 2.

(viii) If the word is not a type 2 irregular word, the process proceeds to S10, where the feminine singular ending based on principle I is extracted from the principle storage area 4a of the dictionary 4, and subjected to sexualization processing in the storage device 2. .

(ix>Next, in S11, it is determined whether there is a slight change based on the input parameters, and if there is no slight change,
Skip the numeralization processing block and proceed to 821. Further, if the desired deformation is feminine singular, the process proceeds to 821 since numeralization processing is not necessary.

(x) If there is a slight change (1) and the desired inflection is a masculine plural form or a feminine plural form, the process proceeds to S12, and 312 to S
The word input in step 14 is stored in the exception rule storage area 4b as the second type of specific ending -3s -eaul..., -
It is determined whether or not it has if.

(xi) If it has the second type of specific ending, the process proceeds to S15, where it is determined whether the input word is a third type of irregular word stored in the third irregular area 4ciii; If it is a third type irregular word, a slight change in the irregular word is extracted from the third irregular region 4ciii in 816, and the storage device 2 performs numeralization processing for each irregular word. .

(xii) If the word is not a third type irregular word, the process proceeds to S17, where the corresponding exception rule is extracted from the exception rule storage area 4b, and subjected to digitization processing in the storage device 2.

(xiii) If it does not have the second type of specific ending, S1
Proceeding to step 8, it is determined whether the input word is the fourth type of irregular word stored in the fourth irregular area 4Civ.

(xiv) If it is a fourth type irregular word, proceed to S19;
A slight change in the corresponding irregular word is extracted from the fourth irregular region 4c iv, and subjected to numeralization processing in the storage device 2.

(xv) If it is not a fourth type irregular word, proceed to S20;
Numericalization processing is performed based on the principle IT stored in the principle storage area 4a.

(xv+) At S21, the control device 5 is informed of the address 7 in the storage device 2 in which the character string representing the desired variation has been input, and the character string is outputted by the output device 3.

To summarize the 70-chart mentioned above once again, 81
~ In S10, it is first determined whether the input word has a gender change, and if there is a gender change, it is determined whether it has a first type specific ending, and then whether it is an irregular word or not. are determined and classified into four groups, and sexualization processing is performed for each group.

Subsequently, in steps 811 to 820, it is determined whether the input word has a slight change, and if there is a slight change, it is determined whether it has a second type of specific ending, and further whether it is an irregular word. It is determined whether the data is false or not, the data is classified into four groups, and numeric processing is performed for each group.

In the above embodiment, the case where the dictionary 4 is built into a French language learning machine has been mainly explained, but the electronic Buddhism word dictionary 4 according to the present invention can also be built into a language processing system that handles various French languages, such as a French word processor. , can be used for various purposes such as spell checking.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the general structure of a language processing system that handles French according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the operating procedure when the language processing system shown in FIGS. #&1 is a French language learning machine. 48... Principle storage area, 4b... Exception rule storage area, 4C... Irregular area. Patent applicant Sharp Corporation Haka 1 representative
Patent attorney, Suedou, and 2 others Table 1 Notes on exceptions to sexualization Name: Noun, Form: Adjective Table 2 Notes on exceptions to numerization Name: Noun, Form: Adjective Table 3 Amendment of exceptional procedures to exception rules Calligraphy (spontaneous) 1. Display of the case Patent Application No. 263870 of 1982 2, Name of the invention Electronic Buddha Word Dictionary 3, Person making the amendment Relationship to the case Patent applicant address 22 Nagaike-cho, Abeno-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Prefecture @ 22-4,
Agent address: 7 Kokugi Building, 2-10 Honmachi, Higashi-ku, Osaka, Osaka Prefecture.
Column for detailed explanation of the invention in the description of contents of the amendment (1) Page 12, lines 16 to 17 [-s, -eau, ..., -all, [-8]
, -X, -2, -eau, ..., -al". (2) Table 2 on page 17 and Table 3 on page 18 are corrected as shown in the attached sheet. That's all for Table 2: Exceptions to the rule regarding political changes Notes Name: Noun, Form: Adjective Table 3: Exceptions to the exception rule

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A principle storage area that stores the principles of inflection according to the gender and number of the subject of French nouns and adjectives, and exceptions for nouns and adjectives that do not follow the above principles and for which it is possible to regularize the inflection of the ending. An exception rule storage area that stores rules and an irregular area that stores word-for-word the inflections of nouns and adjectives that do not follow the above principles and for which it is impossible to regularize the endings. An electronic French word dictionary featuring .