JPS6113072Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a powder/granular fluidization heating experimental device for visually observing the fluidization state within a powder/granular fluidized bed furnace.

In addition to its heat exchange function, the fluidized bed that holds powder and granules in a fluidized state is important as a pyrolysis furnace and reduction furnace in the process of pyrolyzing heavy oil to produce light oil and cracked gas, as well as producing reduced iron. It has a role to play.

In particular, when used as a pyrolysis furnace or a reduction furnace for heavy oil, a high temperature of 600 to 700°C or higher is required, and the powder and granules are required to be heated to a high temperature.

However, in a fluidized bed, there are restrictions on the particle size of the powder or granules that are generally used, and if they are too fine, the gas flow rate will be restricted, which will affect productivity or reduction rate.
In addition, even though increasing the temperature increases the reaction rate and improves productivity, if the temperature is too high, particles will stick to each other and the state of particle movement will be poor.
If this continues as it is, the particle layer will eventually form a connected body, causing a sintering phenomenon.

However, although the usefulness of the fluidized bed is recognized and it is widely used, the sintering phenomenon described above and the flow state of powder and granular materials in the fluidized bed have not been fully elucidated to date. In particular, the fluidity state in the pyrolysis furnace during the production of reduced iron, which requires high-temperature operations of over 800°C, and the granules during fluidized bed reduction of carbon-adhered iron ore particles, which are expected to be put into practical use more and more in the future. Almost all of the flow conditions are unknown.

This is partly due to the fact that there was no need to detect the state within the fluidized bed, but also because there was no suitable experimental equipment capable of detecting the fluidized state of powder particles under high temperature.

Therefore, in the fluidized bed used in the production of reduced iron, the role of the fluidized bed is important in order to produce light oil fraction or cracked gas and reduced iron with high efficiency.
It is an important research topic to understand the flow state of powder and granular materials in a fluidized bed at high temperatures.

In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention addresses the above-mentioned problem by improving the fluidization state of powder and granules in a fluidized bed, especially at temperatures between 600°C and 800°C.
Furthermore, it was devised to understand the flow state at higher temperatures, and the inner tube was a transparent quartz concentric double tube with a heating element interposed in the middle of a Pyrex tube with a thin gold film deposited on the inner wall. Based on the use of multiple transparent tubes, this is used as a vertical cylindrical furnace with a perforated plate placed at the bottom to form a vertical fluidized bed cylindrical furnace, and a hopper-shaped chute is connected to the upper end. , and is characterized by a configuration in which desired mechanical means such as a gas supply means, a gas discharge means, and a powder collection means are attached and connected.

Of course, the multilayer transparent tube itself, which is the basis of the electric furnace, directly monitors reactions and changes in the furnace.
Developed to enable observation or photography, furnaces for epitaxy vapor phase and liquid phase growth, furnaces for measuring electrical properties in high magnetic fields, general physical test furnaces at high temperatures,
It is used in chemical reactors and in heat treatment of metals.

However, all of these electric furnaces are used to obtain excellent heating effects, see-through effects, and sharp temperature gradient zones. I have no knowledge of any attempt to find out.

Thus, the present invention aims to expand the field of use of the multiple transparent tubes, directly observe the flow state of powder and granules in the fluidized bed, and improve the production efficiency during the pyrolysis of heavy oil. It is something.

Therefore, the transparent tax heavy pipe used in the present invention has been modified in various ways in accordance with the purpose of the present invention.

That is, one of them is to use a transparent quartz double tube in the flowing part as the transparent multiple tube, and to place a heating element between the inner and outer tubes, for example, to wrap a sheath heater around the outer periphery of the innermost quartz tube. and use it as a heat source, these 2
An outer pipe made of Pyrex pipe was installed on the outside of the heavy pipe. In this case, a thin gold film with a thickness of about 400 A° is deposited on the inner wall of the Pyrex tube.

In still other modifications, the transparent multi-tube is used as a vertical cylindrical furnace, and the powder sample is flowed on the lower part of the tube, for example, about 5 cm above the lower end of the cylindrical furnace, and a rectifier plate is used. A porous plate made of quartz, which accounts for approximately 10% of the total of A hopper-like chute is connected to the upper end of the cylindrical furnace, a powder supply means and the above-mentioned gas discharge means are respectively provided at the upper end of the chute, and the powder and granule in the cylindrical furnace are fed into the tube from below. Among other things, a means for collecting powder and granular material samples to be taken out of the furnace was provided.

Here, as the perforated plate, a quartz perforated plate is most commonly used, and the gas supplied from below permeates upward, but the powder and granules in the cylindrical furnace do not pass through it. Let it flow on top.

The opening ratio of such a perforated plate is 2%, 5%, 10
There are many types such as %, 20%, etc., and the hole diameter is usually 20%μ〓
That's about it. This position can be appropriately selected within the furnace, and is welded to the multiple tube wall.

On the other hand, the means for supplying the desired gas into the cylindrical furnace from the perforated plate may include, for example, Cl ₂ , CO, H ₂ CH ₄ ,
It includes storage tanks for C ₃ H ₈ , N ₂ , etc., a gas mixer, a gas preheating furnace, and a desulfurization micropump if necessary, and is a means for supplying the desired gas below the perforated plate under temperature control. ₂ can also be supplied separately. The flow rate of each gas is normally adjusted in the range of 0 to 40/min, and in particular, N ₂ can have a flow rate of 110/min or more during cooling.

In addition, the wind speed inside the furnace can be adjusted, from 0 to
Experimental conditions can be set within the range of 60 cm/sec. However, the maximum air flow rate in the furnace is about 105/min.

Since the supply of each of the gases described above is an important element during the thermal decomposition of heavy oil, it is extremely meaningful to supply these gases and to know the flow state in the furnace.

In addition, it is desirable to cover the part of the lower part of the perforated plate with the gas supply means with a heat insulating layer such as asbestos to prevent heat dissipation. It is possible to operate within the range of .

On the other hand, the hopper-like chute connected to the upper part of the vertical cylindrical furnace is convenient for reducing the flow rate of gas supplied from below, and this chute is equipped with a cooling jacket to prevent water, etc. A cooling mechanism is added.

A means for discharging gas is provided at the upper end thereof, and a means for supplying powder and granular material is provided at one end thereof.

This powder supply means may be simply a hopper, but in order to ensure the internal seal,
It is preferable to provide an inert gas supply such as _N2 ,
Therefore, it has a double hopper structure with a valve, and the inert gas supply means is connected to the lower hopper.

Moreover, what should be noted in the present invention is that the experimental apparatus is usually provided with means for collecting powder or granular material as described above.

Usually, it is preferable to take out the powder and granular material from below to the outside of the furnace. a slidable rod member vertically penetrating the interior of the collection tube and extending toward the upper end opening of the collection tube; an inverted conical lid member provided at the tip of the rod member; and a lid member provided at the tip of the lid member. It is a means constituted by a guide member which is attached to the guide member.

Thus, with the structure described above, the powder and granules loaded in the vertical cylindrical furnace are made to flow on the perforated plates in the transparent cylindrical furnace using the device of the present invention, and the heat generated on the outer periphery of the innermost quartz tube is generated. If the inside of the furnace is heated to the required conditions and the inside of the furnace is maintained under the required conditions, the flow state under each condition can be visually observed through the transparent cylindrical furnace wall up to a maximum of about 950℃.
It exhibits benefits that can be used for various purposes.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the device of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the entire device of the present invention;
The figure is a partially enlarged view of the cylindrical furnace.

In these figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a vertical cylindrical furnace forming a fluidizing section, and as shown in FIG. , 4 is housed, a heating element 5 made of a sheathed heater is interposed between both quartz tubes 3 and 4, and a quartz perforated plate 6 is fixed to the lower part of the tube. has been done.

A hopper-shaped chute 7 consisting of a cylindrical part and a hopper part that gradually expands upward is connected to the upper end of this vertical cylindrical furnace 1, and a hopper-like chute 7 is connected to the upper end of the chute 7, into which the powdered sample is fed. Powder supply means 8
A means 11 for discharging gas from below is provided.

In particular, the powder supply means 8 consists of upper and lower hoppers 8a and 8b in two stages to withstand the high temperature inside the furnace, and a valve 9 interposed between the two hoppers.The lower hopper 8b is filled with _N2 , etc. Inert gas supply means 10 is provided.

However, in order to ensure smooth supply of the powder and granular material supplied from these supply means 8 to the downward flow section, a cooling jacket 7' is provided on the peripheral wall of the hopper-like chute 7, and the cooling jacket 7' A cooling water inlet 7'a is arranged at the top, and a cooling water outlet 7'b is arranged at the upper part to allow the cooling water to flow.

Reference numeral 12 denotes a collection tower connected to the gas discharge means 11, which is equipped with a transparent quartz container 13 at its lower part for collecting powder and granules mixed in the gas, and discharges the gas from above.

On the other hand, below the cylindrical furnace 1, a housing 14 coated with asbestos insulation material is connected, and various gas storage tanks 15, a flow meter 16, a gas mixer 17, a gas preheating furnace 18, and a microtube pump P for deflowing are connected. A series of gas supply means 19 consisting of a series of gas supply means 19 are connected to each other, and a collection tube 20 is suspended vertically from below the cylindrical furnace 1 to penetrate and extend into the furnace. is installed.

A rod member 22 extends vertically from above the cylindrical furnace 1 into the furnace toward the opening at the upper end of the collection tube 20 so as to be slidable therein. An inverted conical lid member 23 is fitted to the lower end of the collection tube 20 so as to open and close the upper end opening.

Note that 24 is a guide rod provided at the lower tip of the lid member 23. Furthermore, in the illustrated example, in order to measure the differential pressure between the upper and lower sides of the cylindrical furnace 1, pressure take-off portions 25 and 26 are provided, respectively, and are communicated with a V-shaped tube 27 for differential pressure measurement and a V-shaped tube 28 for absolute pressure measurement. There is. The pressure extraction pipes 25 and 26 are filled with
_N2 is introduced for cleaning.

In addition to the above, thermometers indicated by (TC) are inserted throughout the device of the present invention to measure the temperature of each part and to keep an eye on the temperature control inside the furnace.

In this way, when powder and granules are loaded into a cylindrical furnace and gas is supplied from below, the gas passes through the furnace and the flow rate decreases at the upper hopper-like chute, making it easy to discharge the gas. The flow state of the powder and granules was visually observed through the transparent wall, and the state of the sample was checked as appropriate.
By moving the rod member 22 up and down, the lid member 23 is opened at the upper end opening of the collection tube 20, and the sample can be collected for use in experiments.

As described above, the present invention uses a cylindrical furnace using a Pyrex tube with a thin gold film deposited inside it, which houses a double quartz tube with a heating element interposed therebetween, and uses this as the part of the fluidized bed where the powder and granules flow. , conventional, over 600℃, 950
It is possible to visually confirm even the fluid state at high temperatures up to ℃, and based on this knowledge, various manufacturing processes, especially the thermal decomposition of heavy oil and the reduction of carbon-adhered iron ore particles, can be carried out. It is possible to grasp the state at the time of operation, which contributes to providing data for each manufacturing condition and improving production efficiency.

Moreover, the device of the present invention is specifically designed as a fluid heating experimental device, and a series of equipment such as a gas supply means, a discharge means, a powder supply means, a rectification effect by a perforated plate, a powder sample collection means, etc. are installed in a cylindrical furnace. Together, they provide a novel experimental device that has never existed before, and is expected to be of practical use as the use of fluidized heating beds increases in the future.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram showing one embodiment of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the main part of a cylindrical furnace. 1...Vertical cylindrical furnace, 2...Pyrex tube, 2
a... Gold thin film, 3, 4... Quartz tube, 5... Heating element, 6... Perforated plate, 7... Hopper-shaped chute,
8... Powder supply means, 9... Valve, 10... Inert gas supply means, 11... Gas discharge means, 19...
... Gas supply means, 20 ... Collection tube, 22 ... Rod member, 23 ... Lid member, 24 ... Guide rod.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] 1. In the lower part of a multi-layer transparent tube in which a transparent quartz concentric double tube with a heating element interposed in the middle is housed as an inner tube inside a Pyrex tube with a thin gold film deposited on the inner wall. A vertical cylindrical furnace provided with a perforated plate, means for supplying a desired gas into the cylindrical furnace from below the perforated plate of the cylindrical furnace, a hopper-like chute connected to the upper end of the cylindrical part, The chute is characterized by comprising a powder supply means and a gas discharge means provided at the upper end of the chute, and a powder collection means for taking out the powder and granule in the cylindrical furnace from below to the outside of the furnace. Fluid heating experimental equipment for powder and granular materials. 2. The powder and granular material collection means in the cylindrical furnace includes a collection tube that vertically extends into the furnace from below the cylindrical furnace, and a collection tube that vertically penetrates into the furnace from the top of the cylindrical furnace, and an opening at the top end of the collection tube. Registration of a utility model consisting of a slidable rod member extending toward the end, an inverted conical lid member provided at the tip of the rod member, and a guide rod provided at the tip of the lid member. A fluidized heating experimental apparatus for powder or granular material according to claim 1. 3. Scope of Utility Model Registration No. 1 in which the powder supply means consists of a two-stage hopper with a valve, and the lower hopper is provided with an inert gas supply means.
Fluid heating experimental device for powder and granular materials as described in Section 1.