JP4950690B2 - Small oil making equipment - Google Patents

Small oil making equipment Download PDF

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JP4950690B2
JP4950690B2 JP2007032037A JP2007032037A JP4950690B2 JP 4950690 B2 JP4950690 B2 JP 4950690B2 JP 2007032037 A JP2007032037 A JP 2007032037A JP 2007032037 A JP2007032037 A JP 2007032037A JP 4950690 B2 JP4950690 B2 JP 4950690B2
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oil
cooling device
main body
pipe
gas
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JP2008195821A (en
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昭典 伊東
仁 板垣
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Blest Co Ltd
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Blest Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

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  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Description

本発明は、廃プラスチックを炭化水素油に戻すための展示用に適切な小型油化装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a compact oil making apparatus suitable for display for returning waste plastic to hydrocarbon oil.

従来のバッチ式の小型油化装置としては、開閉蓋を備えた溶融釜を有し、この溶融釜内にプラスチックフィルム、ボトルキャップ等を破砕してヒーター等の加熱源で溶融して気化させ、その気化ガスをコンデンサーで冷却して炭化水素油を得ていた。   As a conventional batch type miniaturization device, it has a melting kettle equipped with an open / close lid, and in this melting kettle, a plastic film, a bottle cap, etc. are crushed and melted with a heating source such as a heater and vaporized, The vaporized gas was cooled by a condenser to obtain hydrocarbon oil.

しかしながら、従来の小型油化装置においては、溶融釜の上面に触媒筒を取り付けていたが、触媒が有効に機能するためには、触媒筒をヒーター等で加熱しなければならなかったし、コンデンサーにおいてはガス管の周囲を水で冷却しているので冷却水の供給システムが必要であった。   However, in the conventional miniaturization apparatus, the catalyst cylinder was attached to the upper surface of the melting pot, but in order for the catalyst to function effectively, the catalyst cylinder had to be heated with a heater or the like. In this case, a cooling water supply system is necessary because the periphery of the gas pipe is cooled with water.

そこで、本発明は、溶融釜内にプラスチックを投入し、溶融気化してガス化し、このガスを冷却装置で冷却して炭化水素油とする小型油化装置において、前記溶融釜の上部内には触媒を保持する触媒筒の一部が垂下し、前記冷却装置は水が貯溜され、この水内に溶融釜からのガスが供給され、水面上に浮上する炭化水素油を水面近くに開口する油回収管により採集することを特徴とする。   In view of this, the present invention provides a small oil making apparatus in which a plastic is put into a melting pot, melted and vaporized and gasified, and this gas is cooled by a cooling device to obtain hydrocarbon oil. A part of the catalyst cylinder holding the catalyst hangs down, and the cooling device stores water. Gas from the melting pot is supplied into the water, and the hydrocarbon oil floating on the water surface is opened near the water surface. Collected by a collection tube.

また、前記冷却装置の本体は透明材から構成することが好ましい。   The main body of the cooling device is preferably made of a transparent material.

本発明においては、触媒筒の下端部分が溶融釜内に挿入されているので、触媒筒の中の触媒が溶融釜内の気化ガスにより適切に加熱され、触媒筒をヒーター等で特に加熱する必要がなく、溶融釜内の熱を有効に利用できる。また、冷却装置においては、水を貯溜しておくため、水の循環装置が不要となり、更に回収管により、水面上の炭化水素油を簡単に回収できる。   In the present invention, since the lower end portion of the catalyst cylinder is inserted into the melting pot, the catalyst in the catalyst cylinder is appropriately heated by the vaporized gas in the melting pot, and the catalyst cylinder needs to be heated particularly with a heater or the like. The heat in the melting pot can be used effectively. Moreover, since the water is stored in the cooling device, a water circulation device is unnecessary, and the hydrocarbon oil on the water surface can be easily recovered by the recovery pipe.

以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施態様について説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

図１において、本発明の小型油化装置Ｍは、例えば、小学校でのペットボトルのキャップを生徒の目の前で炭化水素油に変える実験用に最適であり、基台１と、この基台上に載置され、例えばペットボトルのキャップをそのまま投入して溶融気化せしめる溶融釜２と、この溶融釜２内で発生したプラスチックの気化ガスを冷却して炭化水素油に戻すための冷却装置３と、この冷却装置３内で水から分離して常温では液化しないオフガスを燃焼させるためのバーナ４とを備えている。   In FIG. 1, the small oil making apparatus M of the present invention is optimal for an experiment for changing a PET bottle cap into hydrocarbon oil in front of a student at an elementary school, for example. For example, a melting pot 2 that is placed on top and puts a cap of a PET bottle as it is to be melted and vaporized, and a cooling device 3 for cooling the plastic vaporized gas generated in the melting pot 2 and returning it to the hydrocarbon oil. And a burner 4 for burning off-gas that is separated from water and not liquefied at room temperature in the cooling device 3.

前記溶融釜２は５００℃程度の耐熱性を有する金属で作られた筒形の本体５を有し、この本体５は台６上に載置され、前記本体５の外周には電熱ヒーター７が巻回されている。前記本体５の上端周囲にはフランジ８が設けられ、このフランジ８に開閉蓋９が開閉自在に取り付けられている。前記開閉蓋９は、ヒンジ１０と、締付具１１を有し、この締付具１１はフランジ８に回動自在に取り付けられた腕１２と、この腕１２に螺着された締付けバー１３からなり、締付けバー１３を緩めて腕１２をフランジ８下方に回動させ、開閉蓋９に固着された摘み１４を持って上方にヒンジ１０を中心として開閉蓋９を上方に回動させることにより、本体５が開放される。開閉蓋９を開けて、例えば、ペットボトルの蓋等がそのまま溶融釜本体５内に投入され、ヒーター７によりペットボトルの蓋が加熱されて溶融され、気化ガスとなる。前記開閉蓋９の中央部分には気化ガスを分解するゼオライト等でなる触媒を収納した触媒筒１５が取り付けられ、この触媒筒１５は開閉蓋９を閉じた状態でその下端部１５が本体５内上部に収納されている。触媒が有効に作用するためには、触媒を３００〜３５０℃に加熱する必要がある。しかしながら、触媒筒全体が開閉蓋９上に付着されていると下端部が開口しており、溶融プラスチックの気化ガスが触媒筒１５内を通る時に気化ガスが発生した当初は、触媒に触れて気化ガス温度が下がって未分解のガスが冷却装置３に供給されてしまう。ところが、触媒筒１５の一部が本体５内に収納されていると、本体内の温度が上昇し、本体内が気化ガスが発生する４００〜５００℃に加熱されたときには、触媒筒内の触媒が十分な温度に上昇しており（３００〜３５０℃）、未分解ガスが発生しない。   The melting pot 2 has a cylindrical main body 5 made of a metal having a heat resistance of about 500 ° C. The main body 5 is placed on a base 6, and an electric heater 7 is provided on the outer periphery of the main body 5. It is wound. A flange 8 is provided around the upper end of the main body 5, and an open / close lid 9 is attached to the flange 8 so as to be freely opened and closed. The opening / closing lid 9 includes a hinge 10 and a fastening tool 11, and the fastening tool 11 includes an arm 12 rotatably attached to the flange 8 and a fastening bar 13 screwed to the arm 12. Then, the fastening bar 13 is loosened, the arm 12 is rotated downward to the flange 8, the knob 14 fixed to the opening / closing lid 9 is held, and the opening / closing lid 9 is rotated upward about the hinge 10. The main body 5 is opened. The opening / closing lid 9 is opened, and, for example, the lid of the PET bottle or the like is put into the melting pot body 5 as it is, and the lid of the PET bottle is heated and melted by the heater 7 to become vaporized gas. A catalyst cylinder 15 containing a catalyst made of zeolite or the like that decomposes vaporized gas is attached to the central portion of the opening / closing lid 9, and the lower end portion 15 of the catalyst cylinder 15 is in the body 5 with the opening / closing lid 9 closed. It is stored in the upper part. In order for the catalyst to work effectively, it is necessary to heat the catalyst to 300-350 ° C. However, when the entire catalyst cylinder is attached to the open / close lid 9, the lower end is opened, and when the vaporized gas of the molten plastic passes through the catalyst cylinder 15, the vaporized gas is first contacted with the catalyst and vaporized. The gas temperature drops and undecomposed gas is supplied to the cooling device 3. However, when a part of the catalyst cylinder 15 is accommodated in the main body 5, the temperature in the main body rises, and when the inside of the main body is heated to 400 to 500 ° C. at which vaporized gas is generated, the catalyst in the catalyst cylinder 15 Has risen to a sufficient temperature (300 to 350 ° C.), and no undecomposed gas is generated.

前記触媒筒１５の上面からは、カップリング１６を介してガス管１７が伸び、ガス管１７の下端は、冷却装置３内に伸びている。前記冷却装置３は、筒形の透明プラスチックからなる本体２０と、この本体２０を閉塞する蓋２１と、前記本体２０を支持する脚２２とを有している。前記本体２０内には、冷却水２３が収納され、この冷却水２３は蓋２１に固着された水供給管から供給される。前記冷却水２３は、図２に示すように、油回収管２４の上面２４ａ近くまで注入され、この水内に前記ガス管１７の下端が位置している。前記ガス管１７の下端から供給された気化ガスは冷却水によって冷却され、液化されて炭化水素油（ガソリン成分、灯油成分、軽油成分、重油成分の混合）となり、水面Ｗ．Ｓ上に浮上する、この炭化水素油の油面Ｗ．Ｓが油回収管２４の上面２４ａより上昇すると、上昇分だけが油回収管２４を経てビーカー２５に貯溜される。前記冷却装置本体２０は透明であるので、この状態が外部から透視できこの機構は展示用に最適である。なお、本体２０は全体が透明である必要はなく、透明窓のように部分的に透明としてもよい。 A gas pipe 17 extends from the upper surface of the catalyst cylinder 15 via a coupling 16, and a lower end of the gas pipe 17 extends into the cooling device 3. The cooling device 3 includes a main body 20 made of a cylindrical transparent plastic, a lid 21 that closes the main body 20, and legs 22 that support the main body 20. Wherein the body 20, the cooling water 23 is accommodated, the cooling water 23 is supplied et or water supply pipe secured to the lid 21. As shown in FIG. 2, the cooling water 23 is injected to the vicinity of the upper surface 24a of the oil recovery pipe 24, and the lower end of the gas pipe 17 is located in the water. The vaporized gas supplied from the lower end of the gas pipe 17 is cooled by cooling water and liquefied to become hydrocarbon oil (a mixture of gasoline component, kerosene component, light oil component and heavy oil component). The surface of the hydrocarbon oil floating on the surface W. When S rises from the upper surface 24 a of the oil recovery pipe 24, only the rise is stored in the beaker 25 through the oil recovery pipe 24. Since the cooling device body 20 is transparent, this state can be seen through from the outside, and this mechanism is optimal for exhibition. The main body 20 does not have to be transparent as a whole, and may be partially transparent like a transparent window.

前記蓋２１には、冷却装置内で冷却しても液化しないオフガスを回収するためのオフガス管３０を備え、このオフガス管３０はコック３１を備えている。前記オフガス管３０はバーナ４に伸びており、このバーナ４は筒形の燃焼筒３２を備えるとともにその中に空気を送る空気管３３を有しており、更に、オフガス管３０の先端部分にはオフガスに着火するための着火ヒーター３４の先端が臨まされ、着火ヒーター３４はコード３５を介して電源に接続されており、このようにしてオフガスは適宜燃焼される。   The lid 21 is provided with an offgas pipe 30 for recovering offgas that does not liquefy even when cooled in the cooling device. The offgas pipe 30 is provided with a cock 31. The off-gas pipe 30 extends to the burner 4, and the burner 4 includes a cylindrical combustion cylinder 32 and an air pipe 33 for sending air into the combustion cylinder 32. A front end of an ignition heater 34 for igniting off-gas is exposed, and the ignition heater 34 is connected to a power source via a cord 35, and thus the off-gas is combusted as appropriate.

なお、前記溶融釜内には圧力計４０、温度計４１が前記冷却装置３内には水温を測定するための温度計４３が設けられ、これらの測定値はディスプレイ４２によって表示される。   A pressure gauge 40 and a thermometer 41 are provided in the melting pot, and a thermometer 43 for measuring the water temperature is provided in the cooling device 3, and these measured values are displayed on a display 42.

本発明の小型油化装置の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the small oil-ized apparatus of this invention. 冷却装置内の状態説明図である。It is state explanatory drawing in a cooling device.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

２…溶融釜
３…冷却装置
４…バーナ
１５…触媒筒
２０…冷却装置の本体
２４…油回収管 2 ... Melting pot 3 ... Cooling device 4 ... Burner 15 ... Catalyst cylinder 20 ... Main body of cooling device 24 ... Oil recovery pipe

Claims (2)

溶融釜内にプラスチックを投入し、溶融気化してガス化し、このガスを冷却装置で冷却して炭化水素油とする展示用の小型油化装置において、
前記溶融釜の上面を開閉蓋で開閉自在とし、この開閉蓋に触媒を保持する触媒筒を開閉蓋を閉じたときにその下端部が溶融釜内に収納されるように取付け、前記触媒筒の上面からガス管が冷却装置内に伸びており、前記冷却装置は筒形の透明プラスチックからなる本体を備え、この本体内に冷却水が供給され、この冷却水内に前記ガス管が位置し、前記冷却水の水面から油回収管の上面を突出せしめ、冷却水の水面上に浮上した炭化水素油の油面が前記油回収管の上面より上昇したときに、その上昇分が油回収管を経て外部に取り出されることを特徴とする展示用の小型油化装置。 In a small oil liquefaction apparatus for display , a plastic is put into a melting pot, melted and vaporized and gasified, and this gas is cooled by a cooling device to become hydrocarbon oil.
The upper surface of the melting pot can be freely opened and closed with an opening / closing lid, and a catalyst cylinder holding the catalyst in the opening / closing lid is attached so that the lower end of the catalyst cylinder is housed in the melting pot when the opening / closing lid is closed. A gas pipe extends from the upper surface into the cooling device, the cooling device includes a main body made of a cylindrical transparent plastic, cooling water is supplied into the main body, and the gas pipe is located in the cooling water, The upper surface of the oil recovery pipe protrudes from the water surface of the cooling water, and when the oil level of the hydrocarbon oil that has floated on the water surface of the cooling water rises from the upper surface of the oil recovery pipe, the rise amount A small oil making device for display, which is taken out outside. 前記冷却装置の本体には、オフガスを回収するためのオフガス管が取付けられ、このオフガス管にはバーナに接続されている請求項１記載の展示用の小型油化装置。  2. The small oil making apparatus for exhibition according to claim 1, wherein an offgas pipe for collecting offgas is attached to the main body of the cooling device, and the offgas pipe is connected to a burner.
JP2007032037A 2007-02-13 2007-02-13 Small oil making equipment Expired - Fee Related JP4950690B2 (en)

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JP5666787B2 (en) * 2009-06-09 2015-02-12 株式会社ブレスト Off-gas treatment equipment for oil production equipment
WO2019224985A1 (en) * 2018-05-24 2019-11-28 吉村慎一 Waste plastic liquefaction/reduction device

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JPS58132540U (en) * 1982-02-27 1983-09-07 重質油対策技術研究組合 Fluid heating experimental equipment for powder and granular materials
JPH1161158A (en) * 1997-08-20 1999-03-05 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Reformation of plastic into oil and installation therefor
JP2005125247A (en) * 2003-10-24 2005-05-19 Power System Kk Apparatus for treating waste material containing plastic
JP4447444B2 (en) * 2004-12-13 2010-04-07 ポリプラスチックス株式会社 Recovery of formaldehyde from polyacetal resin

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