JPS61129318A - Heater with heat accumulating system for automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a compact heater capable of immediate heating or auxiliary heating by interconnecting an unit for absorbing and emitting hydrogen of metal hydride and utilizing of engine cooling water and a warm water heater of a warm water heater system heater heat-exchangeably through a heat- exchanger. CONSTITUTION:Immediately after the beginning of engine start when temperature 3 of engine cooling water is lower than a set value, a water passing valve 13 is closed, a water passing valve 12 and a hydrogen valve 9 are opened by a controller 14. Thus, engine cooling water is sent to a tank 7 in the direction of arrow by a pump 2. On the other hand, hydrogen gas B in a storage tank 6 flows into a storage tank 7 so that metal hydride A absorbs hydrogen to generate heat, raise temperature of cooling water and heat with radiation of the warm water heater 4. When the cooling water temperature 3 is sufficiently raised, the water passing valve 13 is opened to be changed over to the heating of cooling water. Metal hydride A exchanges 10 heat with high temperature cooling water to emit hydrogen which is absorbed by metal hydride B for generation. By this constitution is obtained the immediate effect of heating.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Application Field 1] The present invention utilizes the absorbed heat generated in the hydrogen absorption reaction during the exchange of hydrogen between two types of metal hydrides with different equilibrium characteristics for heating purposes. This invention relates to a regenerative heating device for automobiles that is used as a heat source.

[Prior art] There are two types of conventional technologies with different characteristics that utilize the hot or cold heat generated by metal hydrides as they absorb and release hydrogen as a heat source for vehicle air conditioners. The tanks containing each metal hydride are connected with a hydrogen gas pipe, and one tank is equipped with piping for engine cooling hot water as a heating source for hydrogen release, and both tanks are not blown with cabin air. A device is known in which a fan is attached to each generate cold and hot air, which saves energy and saves maintenance.

There is also a portable heating and cooling device that connects a hydrogen cylinder and a metal hydride storage tank equipped with a hydrogen release valve with a pipe, and uses the heat generated when hydrogen is introduced into the tank and the heat absorbed when hydrogen is released. being developed.

Furthermore, as a means of providing an immediate heating effect by supplying emergency hot water to the hot water heater, which is cold when the engine is started, a heat insulating tank that can maintain the engine cooling water that has reached a high temperature while driving at a high temperature for at least one night. A method is also being considered to store it in the room and use it as an emergency heat source.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] A heating and cooling system in which tanks each containing the two types of metal hydrides described above are connected by a hydrogen gas conduction pipe is as follows:
No consideration has been given to the use of C in combination with a conventional hot water heater type heating device, so if this device is used alone, it is necessary to install fairly large capacity tanks for both cooling and heating. Since it needs to be installed, it is disadvantageous in terms of vehicle size and space, and if you are considering using it in conjunction with a hot water heater, there remains the problem of how to control the combined operation of both.

In addition, the method of using hydrogen cylinders involves wasting precious hydrogen, and if it is to be recovered and reused, the equipment's I
C had to face major disadvantages in terms of price and installation space.

In general, the storage method of engine cooling hot water for the purpose of immediate heating effect or auxiliary heating effect when the engine is started or when heating capacity is insufficient cannot expect sufficient amount of heat storage unless the tank capacity is considerably increased. .

The present invention combines a conventional hot water heater type heating device with a heating system that utilizes the heat generating properties of metal hydrides as described above, and is as compact as possible and has sufficient heat capacity to provide immediate heating or auxiliary heating. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a regenerative heating device for automobiles that can perform the following steps.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the automotive regenerative heating device of the present invention includes a water jacket for engine cooling, a hot water heater, and a hydrogen storage tank containing metal hydride B. , a hydrogen absorption heat generation tank containing metal hydride A,
a communication pipe with a hydrogen valve interposed therebetween for the flow of hydrogen in both tanks; a first heat exchange means for transmitting the heat of hydrogen absorption to the hot water heater; A second heat exchange means for transmitting the heat to A, a hot water piping system for connecting these device components via an electromagnetic water valve, a water temperature sensor of the piping system, and control of the electromagnetic water valve. When the heating device is in operation, the hydrogen valve opens when the temperature detected by the water temperature sensor is equal to or higher than the set value, and the metal hydride A absorbs hydrogen and heats the first heat exchanger. After heating the metal hydride A and increasing the temperature to the setting 1, the hydrogen absorbed by the metal hydride A is released by the second heat exchange means, and the hydrogen valve is closed.

[Function] The regenerative heating device for automobiles of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration is capable of controlling the temperature when the cooling water in the engine water jacket is lower than the set temperature f, such as when starting the engine or driving at low speed in a cold region. Since the device operates to open the hydrogen valve, hydrogen gas flows from the tank of hydrogen storage metal hydride B into the tank of hydrogen absorbing exothermic metal hydride A serving as the first heat exchange means. Since the generated heat is transferred to the engine cooling water through the second heat exchange means built into the tank, dry water with a higher temperature than the cooling water in the water jacket can be supplied to the hot water heater, and the desired temperature can be increased. Immediate or auxiliary heating effect can be obtained.

By the time the occluded hydrogen in metal hydride B has finished transferring to metal hydride A, the engine cooling water temperature has risen sufficiently, so the drought water that passes through the second heat exchange means has finished its immediate heating job. The heat causes the metal hydride A in the first heat exchanger to release hydrogen. When the hydrogen gas pressure sensor in the tank or other means detects the end of hydrogen release, or after a certain period of time, the control device operates and closes the hydrogen valve, completing one cycle of device operation and starting the next cycle. Be prepared.

[Example 1] The regenerative heating device for automobiles of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of the device of the present invention, where E is an automobile engine, 1 is an engine cooling radiator, and 2 is a cold 7J
I water circulation river water pump, 3 is the cooling water water f7A pinry attached to the engine water jacket, 4
5 is a hot water heater (heater core), 5 is a fan for generating gas, 6 is a storage tank for metal hydride B, and 1 is a storage tank for metal hydride A, which functions as a first heat exchange means. Reference numeral 8 is a communication pipe for communicating hydrogen gas existing in the tank 6 and the tank, and all of these pipes are made of C11A pressure-resistant material such as Suarnless steel.

9 is a hydrogen valve interposed in the communication pipe 8; 10 is a second heat exchange means built into the metal hydride storage tank 7 as a first heat exchange means; The first and second heat exchange means 7 and 10 are combined to form a heat exchanger H.

Reference numeral 11 indicates an engine exhaust pipe, 12 indicates an electromagnetic water flow valve interposed in a conduit for circulating engine cooling water to the heat exchanger H, and 13 indicates an intervening conduit for circulating engine cold 2JI water to the hot water heater 4. Electromagnetic water flow valve 14 is a hydrogen valve 9 as an electromagnetic valve
and a control amplifier for controlling the opening and closing of the ffl magnetic water flow valve 123 based on temperature information from the water temperature sensor 3; 15 is an intermediate battery power source;

The arrows in the figure indicate the flow paths of hot water for heating during the immediate heating cycle in which the tank 7 as the first heat exchange means is activated.

LaN is the metal hydride B that has the role of hydrogen storage.
i5 is M (12Ni, LaNi 4.aa, A1
α22 is a typical example of the metal component.

Figure 2 shows hot water during a heat storage/heating cycle in which after metal hydride B finishes releasing hydrogen, the heat storage process to return the hydrogen stored in metal hydride A to the former proceeds simultaneously with heating. FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing flow paths with arrows.

FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing hot water flow paths with arrows when the heat exchanger H is stopped and used as a normal hot water type heating device.

! Figure T4 is a system diagram showing the second 1M embodiment of the device of the present invention, 18 is an electromagnetic water valve, 17 is a water pump, and other symbols in the figure are the same as those in Figures 1 to 3. That's what they have in common.

Next, regarding the operation of the apparatus of the present invention, a graph explaining how the states of metal hydrides A and B shown in FIG.
The state change of B will be explained with reference to the following equations shown as reversible reaction equations (a) and (1). The vertical axis of the graph shows the hydrogen gas pressure in tank 6 or 7 as a natural logarithmic value, and the horizontal axis shows the temperature of the metal hydride as its reciprocal value 1/T, and the straight line graph A shows the temperature of the metal hydride △. , and straight line graph B depicts the state change of metal hydride B, respectively.

(a) Metal hydride A (heat storage process) M 1 )-In l +Q
Ml +H2- (a) (heat release process) (b) Metal hydride B (hydrogen absorption process) M2 10F12 □ M2 H2 +
Q... (b) (Hydrogen release process) Here, Ml and M2 each represent a metal (alloy) component constituting the metal hydride or B, and Q represents thermal energy.

First, to explain the operation during the immediate heating cycle based on Fig. 1, immediately after starting the engine, the hot water sensor 3
When the engine coolant temperature is the set value, for example, the outside temperature is 120 degrees Celsius.
In this case, by detecting that the temperature is lower than 35°C and transmitting the information to the control amplifier 14, the electromagnetic water flow valve 13, which is interposed between the engine water jacket, the hot water and the tank 4 directly in the pipe line, is activated. LL closed, metal hydride A
For heat exchange, which uses the heat generated from Ru. Through this valve operation, metal hydride B (M2 Hn 2 ) is in the state shown at position (IV) in the graph of FIG. Since the hydrogen gas t3-P4 in the tank 6 containing the water-based gas pressure P3 is higher than the water-based gas pressure P3 in the tank 7, the hydrogen gas in the tank θ is opened due to this pressure difference, and the water-based valve 9 is opened.
Since the metal component M1 in which no hydrogen is stored flows into the tank 7 containing the metal component M1, the reversible reaction (a) proceeds in the left-hand direction, and until now (It
) Metal hydride A, which was in the state shown at position (at room temperature at this time), was forced to move toward the state shown at position (I>), and the temperature inside tank 7 rose rapidly. The engine cooling water that is sent out from the water jacket by the action of the water pump 2 and passed through the tank 7 serving as the first heat exchange means is rapidly heated and sent to the hot water heater 4, thereby achieving the desired immediate heating effect. In the lζ reaction system shown by the above equation (a), gaseous hydrogen is successively absorbed by the metal component M1, so the exothermic reaction in the left-hand direction continues to replenish the tank 7 with thermal energy Q1. On the other hand, since the reversible reaction system (b) above shares a reaction space with the reversible reaction system (a) through the communication pipe 8, the outside air heat Q4 is used to compensate for the hydrogen lost in the (a) reaction. It continues to move toward the left side while absorbing hydrogen gas, and continues to release hydrogen gas.

While the immediate heating is being performed as described above due to the movement of metal hydrides A and B, the water temperature in the engine water jacket rises, and the temperature of the engine cooling water only increases, that is, the temperature of the circulating water? A satisfying WA feeling can be obtained just by operating the f1m water heater heating cycle.When the set temperature is reached, the control amplifier 14 closes the electromagnetic water valve 13, which has been closed until now, based on the signal from the water temperature sensor 3. The valve is opened, and the engine cooling water that has passed through the heat exchanger]-1 and the engine cooling water that is directly sent from the water jacket flow into the hot water heater 4 at the same time.
The immediate heating cycle shown in FIG. 1 is completed. Also, at this time, the 7-stat 16 is activated, and the engine coolant circulation path connecting the engine water jacket and the radiator 1, which has been closed until now, is opened, and the coolant overheat prevention function 1 begins to operate.

At this time width (L), hydrogen is released from the metal hydride B and transferred to the metal hydride Δ, and the second heat exchanger built in the storage tank 7 receives engine cooling drought heat. The temperature of the means 10 is also such that the reaction (a) is on the right side/
The temperature increases in the direction of J, and the device moves to the heat storage/heating cycle (Fig. 2) in which heating is performed while the metal hydride A performs a heat storage action. Immediately after the engine reaches the state indicated by I> in the graph of Figure 5, Q2 is received and the stored hydrogen begins to be released. 9 and flows into the tank 6 on the low pressure side, hydrogen is absorbed by the released metal component M2 while releasing absorption heat Q3, and the reaction system (b) advances to the right side. Finally, it returns to metal hydride B (M2 to 1n2) which has absorbed hydrogen again, completing one cycle of the hydrogen exchange reaction between two types of metal hydrides with different equilibrium characteristics.At this time, metal hydride Compound B falls within the state indicated by position (III) in the graph.

When the metal hydride B finishes reabsorbing the released hydrogen, the hydrogen valve 9 is closed to end the heat storage/heating cycle and prepare for the next immediate heating cycle. After the valve is closed, the reaction system (b) returns to the state shown in graph (IV) in FIG. 5 as it cools down. At this time, the hydrogen valve 9 is closed by detecting the hydrogen gas pressure in the tank 6 or 7.
Alternatively, it can be performed via the control amplifier 14 based on the operation of a timer that starts when the hydrogen valve 9 is opened.

In conjunction with the opening of the hydrogen valve 9 to end the heat storage/heating cycle, the controller 14 closes the electromagnetic water valve 12 to switch the device to the normal heating cycle (Figure 3). , 13 is opened 1° In this leak, the hot water heated in the engine water pump 2 is circulated and supplied to the hot water heater 4 by the water pump 2, and the hot water in the A-turn 1 socket is circulated through the radiator 1 k1. This will prevent overheating.

Next, by slightly changing the arrangement of water valves in the pipes shown in Figs. 1 to 3, which represent the plant piping system for engine cooling water in the device of the present invention, heating can be achieved even when the engine is stopped or during an immediate heating cycle. In order to increase the capacity, the cold engine water heater 11, which has a negative effect, can be separated and a heating cycle can be formed as in the second embodiment shown in FIG. Konotsu A-Taj! In a drought heating system 1 excluding the water heater, the electromagnetic water flow valve 13 of the previous example is removed and an electromagnetic water flow valve 18 is provided in its place.By closing this valve 18 and opening the electromagnetic water flow valve 12, water can be removed. Separate the jacket
A hot water circulation path is formed that connects only the hot water heater 4 and the heat exchanger H, and the water pump 17 is configured to forcefully circulate the hot water.

[Effect of the Invention 1] The regenerative heating device for automobiles of the present invention can be used when the heating capacity of the hot water heater is barely sufficient at the time of starting the engine, or when driving at low speed in a cold region, when the heating capacity is temporarily insufficient. Just open the hydrogen valve when the temperature is too high.
Immediate heating effects or heating capacity improvement effects can be brought out extremely quickly.

The hydrogen valve opens and closes using a water temperature sensor, hydrogen gas pressure sensor,
It is automatically carried out at the required time via other sensing mechanisms, and the hydrogen exchange reaction between two types of metal hydrides is continuously repeated using the engine cooling hot water heat as the reaction energy source. The hassle of operation and maintenance is almost eliminated.

Also, unlike conventional devices, metal hydride is used instead of water as a heat storage medium, so the heat capacity per unit of 8 volumes is much larger, and more thermal energy can be stored in a more compact shape. Completely different from the conventional hot water storage method 1), the stored thermal energy will not be lost if left unused for a long time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 (Yoki ft light device for instant heating (Nikuru condition 6
System diagram explaining the situation where there are 1 and 3 rivers, Part 2
The figure is a system diagram showing a heat storage/heating cycle situation, Figure 3 is a system diagram showing a normal hot water heater heating leakage situation, and Figure 4 is a system diagram showing a second embodiment of the device of the present invention. ! , the nitrogen system diagram, and Figure 5 shows the metal hydrogenation t+△
and B are graphs explaining the state change of fj during device operation v1. In the diagram 17... I engine H... Heat exchanger 3...
・Water temperature sensor" 4...) Product water heater 6... Storage tank for metal hydride B 7... Storage tank for metal hydride Δ (first heat exchange means) 8... Communication pipe 9.
...Hydrogen valve 10...Second heat exchange means 12.13...
・Solenoid water valve 14...Control amplifier

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) An engine cooling water jacket, a hot water heater, a hydrogen storage tank containing metal hydride B, a hydrogen absorption heat generation tank containing metal hydride A, and both of the tanks. a communication pipe with a hydrogen valve interposed therebetween for the circulation of hydrogen; a first heat exchange means for transmitting the heat of hydrogen absorption to the hot water heater; and a first heat exchange means for transmitting the heat of the engine cooling hot water to the metal hydride A. a hot water piping system for connecting these device components via an electromagnetic water valve, a water temperature sensor for the piping system, and a control device for the electromagnetic water valve. When the heating device is in operation, when the temperature detected by the water temperature sensor is below a set value, the hydrogen valve opens, and the first heat exchange means is heated by the heat generated by hydrogen absorption of the metal hydride A, For automobiles, characterized in that, after the temperature has been raised to a set value, the hydrogen absorbed by the metal hydride A is released by the second heat exchange means, and the hydrogen valve is closed. Regenerative heating device. 2) When the hydrogen valve is opened at a temperature below the set value, the piping system connecting the water jacket and the hot water heater is shut off, and the piping system connecting the heat exchanger and the hot water heater is shut off. 2. The regenerative heating device for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the heating device is configured to be connected to the heating device.