JPS61124680A - Spinning oil composition for polyester fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a spinning oil for polyester fibers suitable for high-speed spinning processes, and more specifically to polyester-cotton,
This invention relates to an oil agent applied to polyester fibers used in blended spinning of polyester-rayon, polyester-wool, polyester-linen, etc., or in spinning 100% polyester.

[Prior art]

In recent years, in the spinning industry for synthetic fibers, there has been an urgent need for labor-saving measures to reduce processing costs, and a spinning oil that can be used for high-speed spinning has been desired. It does not appear.

On the other hand, synthetic fibers have a smoother surface than cotton or wool, so conventionally used oils do not pass through the spinning process well, resulting in cylinder winding and filament a-rollers during the carding process. There is a strong desire for a spinning oil that is insensitive to temperature control conditions and environmental changes due to the problem of relaxing temperature control conditions, especially in the current era of energy conservation.

Generally, the well-known 48M lubricant for synthetic fibers and the like is usually a blended lubricant that has both smoothness and antistatic properties. The smoothing ingredients include animal and vegetable oils,
A nonionic activator consisting of mineral oil, a fatty acid ester compound, ethylene oxide of a fatty acid ester of an aliphatic higher alcohol or a polyhydric alcohol, propylene oxide, or an adduct of both is used, and as a 1M antistatic agent, Alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates.

Cationic activators such as ethylene oxide adducts of alkyl amines, quaternary ammonium salts, or amphoteric activators that reduce alkyl betaines are used. Usually, these components are combined and used as a spinning oil.

However, generally non-ionic activators and exciter oils.

It is well known that when mineral oil or fatty acid esters are used alone or in combination, they increase the distance between fibers and fibers and improve convergence. Sticky substances may adhere to rubber coolers, metal rollers, etc. in factories, causing a-roller damage, or even worse, worsen anti-static properties and increase troubles in the spinning process. Sometimes I let it happen.

On the other hand, anionic activators are generally used as alkali metal salts, and many have good antistatic properties, but their properties change significantly with changes in temperature and humidity, and the viscosity of the oil agent is low at low humidity. Therefore, Ka-roller winding is small, but it is well known that roller winding increases rapidly when humidity becomes high, resulting in spinning trouble.

In addition, cationic activators generally have excellent antistatic properties, and are known to have excellent antistatic properties even at low humidity. JP″f (becomes).

Amphoteric activators have excellent antistatic properties similar to cationic activators,
Although it has excellent antistatic properties even at low humidity, it is known to have drawbacks such as high hygroscopicity, which causes a-lar curling, and yellowing of the fibers when heated.

In recent years, alkyl phosphate salts have come into widespread use due to their attractive properties. This alkyl phosphate salt is usually used as an alkali metal salt (particularly potassium salt), and has high antistatic properties -1 and excellent smoothness.

It is widely used as an important component of spinning lubricants because it has excellent pressure and pressure effects and less a-lar curling under narrow temperature and humidity conditions.

However, although alkyl phosphate salts have these advantages, they have somewhat insufficient antistatic properties at low humidity, poor fiber cohesiveness, and like other anionic activators, they also have poor antistatic properties at low humidity. At the same time, it also has the disadvantage of increasing stickiness and increasing the amount of winding during the spinning process.

Therefore, there is a strong demand for a spinning oil that takes advantage of these advantages of alkyl phosphate salts while improving their drawbacks, and efforts to improve this purpose are being pursued from both the alkyl phosphate salt itself and the composition of the oil containing the alkyl phosphate salt. It has been.

Techniques for improving alkyl phosphate salts include, for example, alkyl phosphates synthesized from synthetic alcohols with side lines to which polyoxyethylene is added (see Japanese Patent Publication No. 30199/1983), average carbon of alkyl groups, 1□ ' The prime number is 12 to 15 and the linormal content in the alkyl group is 6
0 to 90% alkyl phosphate metal salts (see Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-31999), methyl-decomposed alkyl phosphate salts (see Japanese Patent Publication No. 50-195)
, or alkyl phosphate salts containing more monoester alkali metal salts than diesters (aI!f Kosho 4
2-11480) etc. are known.

However, although these alkyl phosphate salts of the disclosed technology improve antistatic performance and fiber cohesiveness, they also have drawbacks such as increased stickiness and increased scum on the spinning wheel. However, the level of improvement is still insufficient. As described above, it is considered difficult at the current level of iA to obtain a spinning oil that can meet the recent spinning conditions that require excellent performance just by improving the alkyl phosphate salt itself.

Therefore, attempts have been made to improve the oil composition by using a compounding oil technology in which conventionally known alkyl phosphate salts or improved alkyl phosphate salts are used in combination with other surfactants.

Although this technique depends on the types and compositions of the components used in combination, it is generally more effective than improving the alkyl phosphate salt itself because the drawbacks of the alkyl phosphate salt can be compensated for by the combined components.

Examples of this type of publicly known technology disclosed are as follows. In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-14276911, N
-7 An oil agent using a combination of silsarcosinate and a phosphate surfactant, the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-31999 discloses that the average number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is 12 to 15, and the normal content in the alkyl group is 60 to 90≠ An oil agent containing an alkyl phosphate metal salt as a main component, JP-A-48-33
In Publication No. 193, alkyl phosphate potassium salt 40
An oil agent containing 20 to 40% by weight of polyoxyalkylene ether or polyoxyalkylene ester and 10 to 30% by weight of fatty acid ester has been proposed. On the other hand, the present inventors have proposed a similar improvement technique in which an oil agent ('f '?Refer to 156893/1989 A random copolymer of an alkali metal alkyl phosphate having a prime number of 8 to 16, propylene oxide, and ethylene oxide (molecular weight 1
000-400 (1) polyether, and an oil agent containing 10-45% by weight of the polyether in the oil agent (see JP-A-54-138694), 501 tS of potassium heptylphos 7ate. Potassium alkylphos 7ate containing more than 70 to 95 alkyl phosphatates and having an average carbon number of 14.5 to 17.5 and a molecular weight of 5
00 to 1500 polyethylene glycol sialylate (5 to 30 weight scales)
See Publication No. 070].

However, although the oils proposed by these proposals have improved spinning properties compared to conventional oils, they may cause problems such as a-lar wrapping under high temperature conditions F, scum in the spinning process, and other process troubles. It has been found that the reduction in each level has not been achieved to a completely satisfactory level.

[Purpose of the invention]

The purpose of the present invention is to reduce spinning scum caused by damage to m-fibers and falling off of oligomers, improve fiber cohesiveness and prevention of scum, and at the same time reduce fluctuations in spinnability due to changes in temperature and humidity. q! An object of the present invention is to provide a spinning lubricant for polyester fibers that prevents fVCa curling and an increase in spinning scum and also reduces tangles in the spinning process.

C Structure of the Invention] According to the present invention, the average carbon number of the linear or branched alkyl group is 18 to 20, and the degree of phosphorylation is 0.6 to 1.
0, a potassium salt (component A) of an alkyl filffl ester with an acid value in the range of 10 to 4o, with the general formula (1) R-NH-X (I) A phosphoric acid neutralized product (component B) of a compound obtained by adding 5 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide to the indicated alkylamines or substituted alkyl amines is mixed with 10 to 30 hydroxides and the general formula (II) ~-COOR,... ...(I
A monobase or ester represented by I) (C component number is 10 to 3)
A spinning oil composition for polyester fibers is characterized in that an emulsifier (D component) used to emulsify 0-weight TES and the ester component is blended such that the weight ratio of D component/C component is 1 or less. provided.

Here, the average carbon number of the alkyl group in the alkyl phosphate potassium salt is important, and the average carbon number is 18
If it is less than 10%, the viscosity of the oil itself is relatively thick (and the properties change due to changes in temperature and humidity are also thick), and scum and roller winding in the spinning process (under high temperature and high humidity) may occur.
will increase. On the other hand, if the average number of carbon atoms exceeds 20, the control properties and cohesiveness of the raw cotton will be insufficient, and the solution stability of the oil will be reduced.

Regarding the degree of phosphorylation, if it is less than 0.6, the spinnability will deteriorate overall, and if it exceeds 1.0, the cohesiveness of the raw cotton will be insufficient, and the properties will change significantly due to changes in temperature and humidity. This increases the amount of a-lar wrapping under high temperature and high humidity conditions.

Furthermore, the acid value also has a great effect on the properties of the oil, and if the acid value is less than 10, it will cause spinning scum and a
- The properties of the alkyl phosphate salts, as well as the properties of the alkyl phosphate salts, as the antistatic properties and the solution stability of the oil agent deteriorate when the number of coatings exceeds 40.
The influence of the degree of phosphorylation and acid value of the alkyl phosphate salt on the spinnability of the oil agent containing it is as important as the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group. The desired effects of the present invention can only be obtained by using the following.

In the present invention, the degree of phosphorylation refers to the amount of phosphorus per mole of alcohol used, based on the known quantitative analysis method for phosphorus (from the phosphorus content (weight) obtained by the phosphorus-molygdic acid colorimetric method). The number of moles of bonded is shown in Section 1. The acid value is expressed as the number of potassium hydroxide required to neutralize 1 g (pure content) of the obtained alkyl phosphate potassium salt.

That is, an acid value of 0 means complete neutralization, and a higher acid value indicates more unneutralized substances.

On the other hand, in order to exhibit the effects of the present invention, the general formula (1) 17-N) 1-X is used in combination with 40 to 60% of the alkyl phosphate potassium salt (component A).
...The phosphoric acid neutralized product (component B) of the compound obtained by adding 5 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide to the alkylamines or substituted alkylamines represented by (1) is 10 to 30. tf4 added. The B component functions to improve the cohesiveness and antistatic properties of the fibers. When the alkyl group (R or R+ in general formula (1)) in the B component is small, the viscosity of the oil becomes large, resulting in increased spinning scum and a-lar wrapping, and when it is too large, the cohesiveness deteriorates.

Since antistatic properties are insufficient, the aX number of the alkyl group is 8 to 1.
B is preferred. Specifically, the alkyl group is octyl and lauryl.

Examples include stearyl, 2-ethylhexyl, intridecyl, incetyl, etc., but are not limited thereto.

Also, 8 is R, -C)l-C)I, -.

Human dialkylamines represented by H, amine #A of alkyl monoglyceride, flukoxyhydride cIdP-
Examples include ethylene oxide adducts such as shippyramines. Furthermore, ethylene oxide derivatives of alkylamines of the general formula R-N)i-X in which X is an a7tyl group, a cyanoethyl group, or a low M alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are also preferably used. It will be done. For example, phosphoric acid neutralized products of ethylene oxide adducts such as N-cutyl-N-cyanoethylamine, N-lauryl-N-ethylamine, and N-stearyl-N-butylamine are used. The addition of ethylene oxide is carried out in a conventional manner. If the number of added moles of ethylene oxide is small, the heat resistance will decrease and the amount of heated IIL will be large (which will cause a practical problem), and if the number of added moles of ethylene oxide is large, the hydrophilicity will be high (and the hygroscopicity and adhesiveness will increase). A compound containing 5 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide is preferably used.Compounds to which ethylene oxide is added are neutralized by phosphorus a!, but when completely neutralized, the liquid becomes acidic. , 0.2 to 0.2 to 0.2 to 1 mole of a compound obtained by adding ethylene oxide to an amine.
Neutralization using 7 moles of phosphoric acid is preferred.

Furthermore, in order to achieve the object of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned A component and B component, -ff formula (II) fk-COOR, .
- monosalt fi, denoted by (n)! It is necessary to add 10 to 30 i [11%] of acid ester (component C). The C component serves to improve the smoothness of the fibers and suppress spinning scum and a-lar winding. The alkyl group in the C component (general formula (
n) #C put ^.

If Rs ) is small, the smoothness improvement effect is insufficient and spinning scum and a-lar winding cannot be sufficiently reduced.
On the other hand, if the alkyl group is too large, the antistatic properties will be insufficient, so the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group in the C component is preferably 8 to 18. An example of the alkyl group is octyl.

Examples include, but are not limited to, lauryl, cetyl, stearyl, and oleyl. Also,
Component C is a monobasic acid ester and is insoluble in water as it is, so it is necessary to mix an emulsifier (component D) in order to solubilize or emulsify and disperse component C in water. As for component D, its type can be selected from commonly known nonionic surfactants, but its amount is extremely important.In order to maximize the blending effect of component C, On the other hand, for component D, it is preferable to use the same amount (*<shielding t) or less than the same amount, that is, as little emulsifier as possible. If the emulsifier has too many wrinkles, it will be advantageous to emulsify the C component in water, but the hygroscopicity and adhesive strength of the blended oil itself will increase (and the C component will become too wrinkled).
The effect of mixing the components cannot be achieved, and the object of the present invention cannot be achieved.

The amount of adhesion of the oil agent of the present invention to polyester NIJ and fibers is (1.07 to 0.30 Jit, preferably 0.1
A range of 0 to 0.20 weight is suitable.

If the amount of adhesion is less than this range, adhesion spots will occur, which will easily cause sluggishness during spinning. .

The oil agent of the present invention can be applied as an aqueous emulsion to the tow and cutter in the spinning and zeta-drawing processes by either dipping or spraying.

In addition, small amounts of nonionic activators, 7-ion activators, cationic activators, or amphoteric activators may be added to the oil agent of the present invention as long as the effects of the invention are not lost. It is also possible to add an agent, a mulberry-forming inhibitor, and the like.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Conventionally, the alkyl phosphate salts used in compositions containing alkyl phosphate salts as spinning oil agents for polynisder raw cotton have a relatively short alkyl group with about 12 carbon atoms, and most of them have potassium lauryl phosphate as a main component. That is. In general, in alkyl phosphate salts, as the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group increases, the moisture absorption rate decreases, the properties change in the direction of becoming more isotropic, and the change in properties in response to changes in @d[ becomes smaller.

As a result, scum is reduced in the spinning top and i! This has the advantage of reducing adhesion and adhesion problems under high temperature and high humidity conditions, but at the same time has the disadvantages of a decrease in conductivity due to a decrease in moisture absorption rate, and a deterioration of convergence and coiling form due to solidification. accompanied by. Since alkyl phosphate salts having a relatively long chain length, such as potassium stearyl phosphate, have the above-mentioned disadvantages, they have not been used as the main component of spinning oils for polyester fibers.

The present inventors have intensively studied long-chain alkyl phosphate salts and other ingredients blended therein over a large number of Class 81s and combinations, and have found that the present inventors have found an extremely effective solution that eliminates the drawbacks of long-chain alkyl phosphate salts and does not impair their advantages. This led to the development of limited agent and oil composition technology.

Therefore, the polyester fiber obtained by applying the spinning iJa oil agent of the present invention has a scum of M? &yaa
- Extremely little curling and good convergence. In addition, it has good electrostatic properties, and shows excellent spinning properties with less static electricity generated not only when it is made of 100% polyester but also when it is blended with polyester and cotton, rayon, wool, linen, etc.

What should also be noted is that it is not easily affected by changes in temperature and humidity, and even under high-temperature conditions there is little a-lar curling, and good antistatic properties can be maintained even under low-humidity conditions.

[Example 11lII] The present invention will be described below with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not equally limited by the following Examples. The evaluation items and evaluation methods are as follows.

(a) Emulsion stability: An aqueous emulsion with a concentration of 5% was prepared and evaluated based on the state of the liquid (precipitate, #remains, separation, etc.) after being left at 20°C for 3 days.

(al) Convergence: Judgment was made based on the electrical property of the wrap in the batting process of staple fibers coated with an oil agent <cd/11n.

(c) Antistatic property: In the carding process, the static potential of 10 crIL on the web was measured.

) Spinning scum: Stable fibers coated with an oil agent are passed through a 100-hour filament process to remove those that adhere to the rubber A-Lar, gold H4A-Lar, and guides, and reduce the amount of M. It was judged.

(e) Roller winding...20°C x 6s%R
The number of scratches on the a-lar was measured through a filament process in an environment of H and 30° C. x 80% RHvCiJtit.

Laying l~3 Polyethylene terephthalate fiber (1,5
(denier) K 38 seaweed was cut into lengths, immersed in 1 Oal of the liquid shown in Table 1, and allowed to adhere to the fiber Jtj& so that the adhesion of the oil was 0.15.
Thereafter, the fibers were subjected to push crimping and heat treatment (120-C), and cut into fiber lengths of 38 mm to produce staple fibers.

This staple fiber was aged for 24 hours under conditions of a temperature of 21J''C and a relative humidity of 651■, and the humidity was adjusted to an equilibrium moisture content, and then passed through the batting, carding, and filament processes under the same conditions F. The cohesiveness, a-lar winding, and spinning scum were evaluated.

A part of the first generation card sliver was heated at 30℃, 80SR) I
After being moistened for 24 hours under the same conditions, the strip was subjected to a striping process under the same conditions, and the number of times the striped cooler was wound under high temperature and humidity conditions was measured.

In addition, a cotton wrap that had been conditioned for 24 hours at 20° C. and 40% RH was passed through the card under the same conditions to evaluate antistatic properties under low humidity conditions.

Regarding these evaluation results, those with good performance were ranked below OS, and the ones with poor performance were ranked O to Δ.

They are qualitatively shown in Table 2 as Δ, Δ~X, and X.

In the present Examples and Comparative Examples, the effects of the average carbon number, phosphorization k, and phosphor value of the alkyl group of the alkyl phosphate potassium salt (component A) were shown.

Examples 4 to 6 Using oil agent No. 681 shown in Table 3, evaluations were made in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3, and the results shown in Table 4 were obtained. In the present examples and comparative examples, POE alkylamine phosphoric acid neutralized product (component B)
The effects of the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group and the number of moles of ethylene oxide added are shown.

Examples 7 to 10 Evaluations were made in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3 using oil agent No. 681 shown in Table 5, and the results shown in Table 6 were obtained. In the present Examples and Comparative Examples, the effect of the number of carbon atoms in both alkyl groups of the monobasic acid ester (C component) was shown.

Example 11 Using the five types of oils shown in Table 7, evaluations were made in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3, and the results shown in Table 8 were obtained. In this Example and Comparative Example, the effect of the blending ratio of each component was shown.

From the evaluation results shown in Tables 2, 4, 6, and 8, it can be seen that the oil agent of the present invention exhibits well-balanced and good spinnability across all evaluation items.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Potassium salt of an alkyl phosphate ester (A component) of 40 to 60% by weight, and the general formula (I) R-NH-X... (I) [where R is a linear or branched saturated or unbranched carbon number 8 to 18 Saturated alkyl group, ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼, ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼, or ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ (However, R_1 has a straight or branched chain. X represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, -COCH_3, or a cyanoethyl group. ] 10 to 30% by weight of a phosphoric acid neutralized product (component B) of a compound obtained by adding 5 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide to the alkylamines or substituted alkylamines represented by the formula (II) R_2-COOR_3... ...(II)
[However, R_2 and R_3 represent a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms. ] 10 to 30% by weight of the monobasic acid ester (component C) represented by the formula and an emulsifier (component D) used to emulsify the ester component so that the weight ratio of component D/component C is 1 or less. A spinning oil composition for polyester fibers, characterized in that it contains: