JPS61115008A - Method for exterminating foliaceous moss - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To wither and exterminate foliaceous moss, by applying a water-soluble salt composed of anionic groups such as NO3<->, SO4<2->, Cl<->, CO3<2->, etc.a nd cationic groups such as H<+>, NH4<+>, K<+>, Na<+>, Mg<2+>, Ca<2+>, etc. in the form of powder, granule, or concentrated aqueous solution sufficiently to the surface of the foliaceous moss. CONSTITUTION:A foliaceous moss (e.g. Conocephalum conicum, Marchantia polymorpha, etc.) is withered and exterminated by applying a water-soluble salt composed of anionic groups such as NO3<->, SO4<2->, Cl<->, CO3<2->, PO4<3->, PO3<->, P2O7<4->, RCOO- (R is H or CH3), etc. and cationic groups such as H<+>, NH4<+>, K<+>, Na<+>, Mg<2+>, Ca<2+>, Fe<2+>, Fe<3+>, Al<3+>, etc., singly or as a mixture, in the form of powder, granule or concentrated aqueous solution close to the saturated solution sufficiently tot he surface of the foliaceous moss. The rate of application is 50-300g/m<2> in the case of powder or granule. When the salt is an alkaline salt (e.g. Na2CO3), the surface of the foliaceous moss begins to turn black within 1-2hr after application, and the effect is faster than acidic salt. The above salts are nontoxic to man and animal, diluted with rain after achieving the purpose.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Leaf moss such as Jaboque moss and Liverwort grows in clusters on moist ground in the shade or on damp ground, and is mixed with clusters of leaf moss such as Kosugi moss, Japanese cedar moss, and Chimney moss, which are useful in gardens. It is said that the only way to get rid of thallus moss is to scrape it off, or that the same moss will multiply again and be eradicated even with this scraping method. I can't.

The method of the present invention is to sprinkle the water-soluble salts mentioned above alone or in combination in powdered or granular form onto the leaves of the thallus moss, or to drizzle a concentrated aqueous solution close to a saturated solution onto the leaves. By spraying it in this way, it can slowly wither in 7 to 10 days and wipe out in 1 to 2 months.A further advantageous feature is that by this method, after the thallus moss disappears, the same moss will regenerate. Instead, it is possible to propagate Kosugi moss or phyllodes moss that grows naturally in the vicinity.

To explain the physiological mechanism by which these species wither away thallus moss, the salts according to the present invention are sprayed on the leaf surface of thallus moss, and then are absorbed by atmospheric moisture, moss moisture, sometimes rainwater, etc. As a result, the tidal disintegration dissolves and reaches the underside of the leaf and rhizoids through the gaps between the leaf surfaces. The thallus moss absorbs water from the air and the ground mainly from the leaf surface rather than from the rhizoids (Tree 2), so when a high concentration of salt comes into contact with the leaf surface, it absorbs moisture from the leaf surface. Due to the pressure difference, intracellular water leaks out of the cell, causing dehydration, and the thin cell membranes of leaves and rhizoids are acutely exposed to high concentrations of salt. It is presumed that the damaged cells will then undergo necrosis.

The above is a physiological mechanism common to water-soluble salts, and moreover, alkaline salts [e.g. Na2 co, , Na3 PO4
, (NH4)3PO4 or acidic salts [e.g. A1
2 (SO4)3. FeSO+, etc.], the cell membrane of moss is exposed to ill! by alkali or acid! It causes cell necrosis more quickly than neutral salts.

Furthermore, if we compare the action of alkaline salts and acidic salts on moss cell growth, the former's leaves begin to turn black within 1 to 2 hours after being sprayed, whereas the latter's leaves begin to turn black within 12 to 24 hours. It's about to get up and discolor.

In addition, salts near neutrality require 2 to 3 days for the leaf surface to change color.

As described above, the water-soluble salts according to the present invention are capable of killing thallus moss, although their effects may be more or less strong. At the same time, the asexual buds formed within the cup-shaped asexual buds formed on the surface of the thallus moss also die by the same mechanism.

This is the reason why it is difficult for the same species of moss to germinate after the thallus moss is killed by the method of the present invention.

Next, the water-soluble salts within the scope of the claims of the present invention kill thallus moss as described above, but they also have the following characteristics.

One of these is that it does not contain harmful heavy metals as stipulated in the Pollution Control Law.

Second, since it will be used in gardens, etc., it must be of low toxicity or harmless to humans, animals, and especially young children playing in the soil.

Thirdly, if the amount used is within the scope of the present invention, it should not damage or have almost no effect on the rhizomes of garden trees.

Fourth, after achieving the goal of killing the moss, it becomes diluted by rainwater and permeates into the soil, becoming a useful nutrient that promotes the germination and proliferation of moss, or at least does not harm the growth. thing.

The sources of moss growth are well known, but Knof's solution and Mayer's solution are useful methods for culturing moss protonema (young buds) from the asexual buds of stalk-like moss and the moss of stalk-like moss. There is (*3).

That is, K salt, Ca salt, Mg salt, Fe salt,
NH! Salt, phosphate, etc. are diluted to about 01% and used. This solution composition is intended only for the growth of the protonema, and is not intended for killing the moss neck.

The compounds having CI as water-soluble salts for killing thallus moss according to the present invention include KC1, NH4, Cl, FeC12, CaC12, Mg
Compounds with CI2゜aC1 SO4 include (N8+)zsO+, FcSO4, Fe2 (SO
*):i.

K2SO+, Na2SO+, AI2 (SO4)
, those with MgSO4NO3 include NH4NO3, Ca (NO3)2, KNO
3Fe (No-J)3. AI (NO3)iNaNO
i.

Po, for those with 3 P 04 T N 83 P 04
+ (NH!)2 P 04 +CaH
* (PO4)21 (NH4)2 HPO4+
NH, H2po4. KzHPO order, KHzPO 弗.

N a2HP 04 + N a H2P 04PO=
for those with N a P Ox + K P 03 and (Na
Polyphosphate soda P20 represented by PO3)s? For those with Na4 P20 parts + KA P20 parts 00, for those with Na2 CO3, to 2 CO3+ (NH4)2 C
O:i + NaHCOi lNHdouHCOz Those with RC00 include HCOONa, HCOOK, CHI COONa, CH
3COOK(CH:*Coo)xCa etc. can be mentioned.

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. Example 1 80 grams of 7 parts FeSO4 (ferrous sulfate) crystal powder is uniformly sprinkled over 1 square meter of a colony of liverwort.

After 1 day, the green leaves lose their luster and turn dark green, and from 7 days to 10
After a few days, it dies and turns black.

After another month, it will corrode and disappear without retaining its original shape.

Example 2 76 grams of fine particles of NIJPO+.10H2O (sodium orthophosphate) are evenly spread over 1 square meter of liverwort colony. After a few hours, it begins to turn black, and in about a week it turns black and withers, and after about a month, it corrodes and disappears.

Example 3 2 HPO4 (dipotassium hydrogen orthophosphate) MgSO
* +7Hz O (magnesium sulfate) (NH4)2
100 grams of a mixed powder consisting of 0.5 parts and 4.0 parts of SO* (ammonium iR acid) 0.5111 is uniformly spread over 1 square meter of a colony of liverwort. After 2 to 3 days, the seeds begin to turn yellowish-brown, turn dark brown and wither in about 10 days, and decay and disappear in 1 to 2 months.

After confirming that the moss has disappeared, collect useful stem moss from a known method below, cut it into small pieces, mix it with soil, let it absorb enough moisture, and then place it on the ground where it has disappeared. Spread.

If watering is controlled to the extent that the soil does not dry out, the desired grass moss can be grown in clusters from the month of location to one year later.

Example 4 (NH4)2 SO4 (ammonium sulfate) KCI (potassium chloride) CaH+ (PO4)2 ・2 parts 20 (superphosphate lime)
MgSO, 7 parts 20 (magnesium sulfate) A mixed powder consisting of 5.0 parts 2.5 parts 2.5 parts 2.5 parts was applied to the leaves of liverwort, which grows in spots in a useful stem moss. If you spray it on a limited area, the liverwort will wither and die in about IR, and it will corrode and disappear in about a month.

After several rows, the area where the moss disappears is filled with useful stem moss that grows around it.

Example 6 Na2C01 (sodium carbonate)
5.0 parts (NH4) x CO3 (ammonium carbonate)
100 parts Nap PO4 (sodium orthophosphate) 100 parts KCI (potassium chloride) 1.0 parts Methylcellulose 0.1
Qishui
If an aqueous solution consisting of 50 parts is applied with a brush to the leaf surfaces of the slopes or vertical parts covered by liverwort, the liverwort will wither to a blackish brown color in about a week, and disappear in 1 to 2 months.

Example 6 When Kosugi moss (stem moss) and Liverwort (phyllodes moss) grow in clusters mixed with each other, MgSO, 7H2O is added to each square meter of the mixed colony.
If 150 grams of microcrystals of magnesium sulfate (magnesium sulfate) are evenly distributed, the liverwort will wither and die after 111 hours, and will erode in about 2 months, but the liverwort can survive without being slaughtered. After another two months, you will be able to create a colony of Kosugi moss that is not mixed with liverwort.

Reference book l Mosses (research, collection and cultivation)
123 pages Published on January 1, 1986 Author: Hiroshi Bengami Publisher: Kashima Shoten

Claims (1)

[Claims] NO^-_3, SO^2_4, Cl^-, CO^2^-
_3, PO^3^-_4, PO^-_3, P_2O^4
Negative groups such as ^-_7, RCOO^- (R is H or CH_3) and H^+, NH^+_4, K^+, Na^+, Mg
^2^+, Ca^2^+, Fe^2^+, Fe^3^+
, Al^3^+, etc., individually or as a mixture of several kinds of water-soluble salts, which are formed by bonding with positive groups such as Al^3^+, are directly applied to the surface of the thallus moss in the form of powder or granules at a concentration of 50 grams to 300 grams per square meter. This is a method of sprinkling gram or making a highly concentrated aqueous solution close to a saturated aqueous solution and spraying it so that the surface of the thallus moss is evenly wetted, causing the thallus moss to wither and disappear.