JPS61107952A - Method and device for crushing brittle body - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to the crushing of magical objects, and specifically to the crushing, including cutting and destruction, of rocks or relatively fragile objects similar to them. .

[Technical Background of the Invention] Rocks or similar brittle objects are often cut, destroyed, or destroyed for transportation, processing, disposal, or other purposes.
Crushing or crushing is performed as necessary.

Common methods used included the blasting method, which involved filling a circular hole drilled with a rock drill with explosives and detonating it, and the method of driving a wedge into the hole drilled with a rock drill. . However, from the viewpoint of safety and labor reduction, there has been a desire for construction methods and equipment that can replace the blasting and drafting methods.

[Disclosure of Prior Art] As one of the solutions, conventionally, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-1
The technique shown in Japanese Patent No. 3834 is well known and has been effectively used.

[Objective of the Invention] The present invention was made against the above-mentioned background, and has the following features: it can be operated safely, it can produce reliable effects with little effort, and the device has a simple structure with few failures. This was done with the aim of not requiring any skill to operate it.

[Structure of the Invention] The present invention provides a mandrel in which a liquid passage is bored in the center of a circular hole previously made in a brittle object, an elastic member that covers the outer periphery of the mandrel except for both ends, and and positioning members disposed at both ends of the mandrel and abutting both ends of the elastic member, and inserting a crushing tool in which the liquid passage is opened at a position covered by the elastic member on the outer periphery of the mandrel. , a method of crushing a brittle object carried out by supplying pressurized liquid to the liquid passage of the mandrel, and the crushing tool used in the method.

[Embodiments of the Invention] The present invention will be described in more detail below based on illustrated embodiments.

In the figure, 1 is a brittle object, 2 is a circular hole bored in the brittle object 1, and 3 is an inner wall surface of the circular hole 2. 4 is a crushing device, which includes a mandrel 5, an elastic member 6, and a backup ring 7.
It consists of A liquid passage 9 is formed in the mandrel 5, and one end thereof is open to one end of the mandrel 5, and the other end thereof is open to the middle outer periphery of the mandrel 5.

Reference numeral 7 denotes backup rings disposed at both ends of the elastic member 60 fitted to the mandrel 6, which is fitted to the mandrel 5 and acts as a positioning member. Reference numeral 11 denotes a screw carved into the mandrel 5, which is a means for connecting the vibrator H@l, which is a liquid supply means for supplying liquid from a separately provided pump device P.

Now, in the illustrated apparatus, the crushing device 4 is inserted into the circular hole 2 previously drilled in the brittle object. FIG. 1 shows the state when inserted. That is, there is some gap 13 between the inner wall surface 3 of the circular hole 2 and the crushing device 4, so that the crushing device 4 can be easily inserted.

When the drilling depth of the circular hole 2 is adjusted and the crushing device 4 is inserted into the circular hole 2, the tip 14 of the crushing device 4 is inserted into the bottom surface 15 of the circular hole 2.
It is effective to make the crushing device 4 come into contact with the nut 16, or to lock a positioning nut 16 to the crushing device 4 so that the nut 16 is positioned regardless of the depth of the circular hole 2.

When pressurized liquid is supplied from the pump P through the vibrator H to the crushing device 4 disposed in the circular hole 2, the pressurized liquid flows through the liquid passage 9f! The elastic member 6 passes through the outer peripheral opening lO.
and the mandrel 5.

It is effective if the elastic member 6 forms a gap 17 between the mandrel 5 and the mandrel 5 at the engagement position of the outer peripheral opening 10 of the contact surface with the mandrel 5 to form a liquid reservoir. Now, the outer peripheral opening 1 of the mandrel 5
The pressurized liquid flowing out from 0 fills the gap 17, and when it is further supplied, it expands the elastic member 6 in the outer circumferential direction, and eventually the outer circumferential surface 18 of the elastic member 6 and the inner wall surface 3 of the circular hole 2 are connected. come into contact with However, if the pressurized liquid continues to be supplied, the liquid pressure acts on the inner wall surface 3 of the circular hole 2 via the elastic member 6.

The elastic member 6 is formed in a cylindrical shape, so that the pressurized liquid evenly fills the space between the mandrel 5 and the elastic member 6, spreads the elastic member 6 evenly outward, and spreads the pressurized liquid evenly on the inner wall surface of the circular hole 2. 3. Liquid pressure is applied uniformly over the entire surface of the body via the elastic member 6. As a result, the circular hole 2 is subjected to an expansion force due to the action of the liquid pressure, and the brittle object 1 is broken.

After the brittle object 1 is fractured, the pulp ■ provided between the pump P and the crushing tool 4 is operated to cut off the supply of liquid to the crushing tool 4, and the liquid passage 9 is connected to the drain pipe line. If this is done, the liquid in the gap 17 of the crushing tool 4 will be discharged through the liquid passage 9, so that the pressure will drop and the elastic member 6 will contract, returning to the state shown in FIG. 1 before starting the work.

Here, the fluid supplied to the crushing tool 4 is a pressurized liquid, and in general, the compressibility of liquid in a pressurized state is extremely small compared to that of gas. Even if the restraint on the outer periphery is released, no sudden expansion force acts on the elastic member 6, and in addition, the amount of liquid supplied through the liquid passage 9 is extremely small, so that the brittle object If the supply of liquid is cut off after confirming the breakage of the elastic member 6, the work can be carried out without damaging the elastic member 6.

On the other hand, regarding the shape of the elastic member 6, any structure that can effectively seal and hold the liquid supplied from the liquid passage 9 in the gap 17 formed between the mandrel 5 and the elastic member 6 can be used effectively. It is possible.

- For example, a shape as shown in FIG. 2, which is formed by folding both ends of a cylindrical elastic member inward over a predetermined length, is effective.

By the way, the elastic member 6 expands due to the liquid pressure and comes into close contact with the inner wall surface 3 of the circular hole 2, and when it tries to expand further, it protrudes into the gap 13 between the backup ring 7 and the mandrel 5. is supplied and the elastic member 6 expands, it can be easily assumed from Pascal's principle that at the same time as the elastic member 6 expands in the radial direction, a similar expansion force acts in the axial direction. If the backup ring 7 acts to fill the gap 13 with the inner wall surface 3 of the circular hole 2 due to this axial expansion force, the elastic member 6
The expansion force of the elastic member 6 can be effectively applied to the inner wall surface 3 of the circular hole 2. Based on this idea, the bag-up ring 7 was formed into a collet shape, and very good results were obtained.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3, one side of the backup ring 7 is formed into a conical shape, and a spark 20 is provided in the axial direction over a predetermined length K from the conical end surface 19.
9 is brought into contact with the elastic member 6, and is arranged as shown in FIG. It is effective if a protection ring 21 is interposed between the backup ring 7 and the elastic member 6 to prevent the elastic member 6 from getting caught in the spark 20 of the backup ring 7, if necessary. In the device configured as described above, the pressurized liquid acts on the elastic member 6, causing the elastic member 6 to expand in the outer diameter direction and simultaneously expand in the axial direction, that is, toward the backup ring 7111, and due to the expansion, the backup ring 7 The conical shape effectively acts and expands in the radial direction, and the gap 13 between the inner wall surface 3 of the circular hole 2 and the inner wall surface 3 becomes smaller.
This prevents the elastic member 6 from protruding. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the backup ring 7 is formed into a conical shape at both ends, and cutouts 20 of a predetermined length K are alternately formed in the axial direction from both ends. If arranged as shown in the figure, the expansion force of the elastic member 6 will cause an expansion force at both ends of the backup ring 7, and both ends of the backup ring 7 will be expanded in the radial direction at the same time, extending over the entire length of the backup ring 7. The elastic member 6 acts close to the inner wall surface 3 of the circular hole 2 to reduce the gap 13, thereby preventing the elastic member 6 from protruding.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a combination of an elastic member 6 and a backup ring 7 having the above structure is arranged in multiple stages so that it can be applied to a deep circular hole 2, and each stage has the above-mentioned function. , it can be effectively used over the entire length of the crushing tool 4.

[Effects of the Invention] As described in detail above, according to the present invention, it can be carried out using only a small amount of pressurized liquid, so there is no danger like that of explosives, and moreover, it can be carried out simply by using a small amount of pressurized liquid. It can be carried out with simple operations, the same effect can be obtained no matter who carries it out, and the structure of the device is simple, so there are few breakdowns and maintenance and other handling are easy.
Furthermore, since the device itself is extremely small and lightweight, it is easy to operate, and the effects in this field are extremely large.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view showing a preferred embodiment of the crushing device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal side view showing another embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a view showing an embodiment of the backup ring. Fig. 4 is a vertical side view showing the same implementation of the crushing device to which the backup ring shown in Fig. 3 is applied, Fig. 5 is a view showing another embodiment of the back shredding ring, and Fig. 6 is the backup ring shown in Fig. 6. FIG. 7 is a vertical side view showing another embodiment of the crushing device. 1: Physical object 2: Circular hole 3: Inner wall surface 4: Crushing device 5: Mandrel 6: Elastic member 7 Double pull-up spring 9: Liquid passage 1O2 space 11: Screw 12: Nut 13: Gap 14: Tip 15: Bottom surface 16: Nut 17: Gap 18: Outer surface 19: Conical end surface 20: Notch 21: Protective ring Patent applicant Sugitsu Machine Co., Ltd. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A mandrel with a liquid passage bored in the center, an elastic member covering the outer periphery of the mandrel except for both ends, and a positioning member disposed at both ends of the mandrel and abutting both ends of the elastic member. A crushing tool is inserted into a circular hole previously drilled in a brittle object, and has the liquid passage opened at a position covered by the elastic member on the outer periphery of the mandrel, and is added to the liquid passage of the mandrel. A method of crushing brittle objects by supplying pressurized liquid. (2) A mandrel having a liquid passage in the center, an elastic member covering the outer periphery of the mandrel except for both ends, and a positioning member disposed at both ends of the mandrel and abutting both ends of the elastic member. The crushing tool is configured such that the liquid passage is opened at a position covered by the elastic member on the outer periphery of the mandrel, and a connecting means for connecting to a liquid supply means is disposed at one end of the mandrel.