JPS61107218A - Liquid-crystal display element - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make display rich in three-dimensional feeling and, at the same time, to easily cope with the diversification of designs of various display, by constituting liquid-crystal elements in such a way that the density of the dichroic coloring matter in the 1st liquid-crystal layer can be made different from the density of the dichroic coloring matter in the 2nd liquid-crystal layer. CONSTITUTION:The 1st liquid-crystal layer 14 is composed of, for example, homogeneously arrayed P type nematic liquid crystal put between the 1st glass substrate 1 and 2nd glass substrate 2 and a dichroic coloring matter 15 is added to the liquid crystal at a certain density. The 2nd liquid crystal layer 16 consists of, for example, homogeneously arrayed P type nematic liquid crystal put between the 2nd glass substrate 2 and 3rd substrate plate 3 and its orientation axis is set in the direction intersecting the orientation axis of the 2st layer 14 at right angles. Moreover, the dichroic coloring matter 15 is added to the 2nd layer 16 at a density which is different from that of the 1st liquid crystal layer 14.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a two-layer structure GH type liquid crystal display element.

1" (man) 1 Conventionally, as a two-layer structure GH type liquid crystal display element, one having a structure as shown in FIG. 2, for example, is known.
and 3 are glass substrates, each having a transparent electrode 1 on its opposing surface.
a, 2a, 2b and 3a are provided. 4
is a first liquid crystal layer consisting of, for example, a homogeneously aligned P-type nematic liquid crystal disposed between a first glass substrate Fi1 and a second glass substrate 2, to which a dichroic dye 5 is added. There is. 6 is a second glass substrate 2 and a third glass substrate 3
A second liquid crystal layer made of, for example, a homogeneously aligned P-type nematic liquid crystal, disposed between the liquid crystal layer 4 and the dichroic dye, the alignment axis of which is perpendicular to the alignment axis of the first liquid crystal layer 4. 5 has been added.

However, in the conventional two-layer structure GH type liquid crystal display element constructed in this way, since the concentration of the dichroic dye in each liquid crystal layer 4.6 is the same, the two liquid crystal layers 4 and 6 have the same concentration.
(a) When both liquid crystal layers 4 and 6 are OFF, the darkest foreground color is displayed (Figure 2 (A)) (b) When both liquid crystal layers 4 and 6 are ON , white display (Fig. 2 (B)) (e) When one of the liquid crystal layers 4 or 6 is ON, negative color display with only three densities of intermediate color display (Fig. 2 (C)'') is performed. Therefore, there is a problem that the three-dimensional effect of the display is particularly poor, and that it is difficult to respond to the diversification of various display designs.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a GH-type liquid crystal display element having a two-layer structure, which is capable of displaying colors of four different densities, and is therefore capable of providing a three-dimensional effect.

1-2i This purpose is to connect three glass substrates disposed in parallel, a first liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate among the cough substrates, and a first liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second substrates. In a two-layer structure GH type liquid crystal display element including a second liquid crystal layer disposed between a second substrate and a third substrate, the concentration of dichroic dye in the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer are This problem is solved by a liquid crystal display element characterized in that the concentration of the dichroic dye in the liquid crystal layer is different from that of the liquid crystal layer.

The present invention will be described below based on an embodiment shown in the drawings, and the same components as those of the conventional example shown in FIG. 2 will be given the same reference numerals and their explanation will be omitted. In FIG. 1, lO is a liquid crystal display element constructed according to the present invention, and 14 is a homogeneous array of P disposed between the first glass group + ffl1 and the second glass group [2]. The first liquid crystal layer consists of a type nematic liquid crystal, to which a dichroic dye 15 is added at a concentration of 15. 16 is a second liquid crystal layer made of, for example, a homogeneously aligned P-type nematic liquid crystal disposed between the second glass substrate 2 and the third glass substrate 3, and its alignment axis is aligned with that of the first liquid crystal N14. The alignment axis is perpendicular to the alignment axis, and the dichroic dye 15 is added at a concentration different from that of the first liquid crystal layer 14 .

Since the embodiment of the present invention is configured as described above, the current supply to the first liquid crystal layer 14 and the second liquid crystal layer 16 is 0N10.
The display can be changed by operating the FF. That is, for example, one concentration of the dichroic dye in the first liquid crystal layer 14 is transferred to the second liquid crystal layer 16.
When the concentration is higher than that of the dichroic dye and white light is used as illumination light, the display operation is performed as described below.

(1) When both the first liquid crystal layer 14 and the second liquid crystal layer 16 are OFF: Since the dichroic dyes of both liquid crystal layers are \parallel to the substrate, white illumination light illuminates both liquid crystals. 514 and 16, the light becomes colored light based on the absorption spectrum specific to the dichroic dye and is emitted from the liquid crystal display element IO, thus displaying the deepest color. (See Figure 1 (A)) (2) When both the first liquid crystal layer 14 and the second liquid crystal layer 16 are ON: The dichroic dyes of both liquid crystal layers are perpendicular to the substrate. Therefore, the white illumination light is emitted from the liquid crystal display element 10 without being substantially absorbed by the dichroic pigments of both liquid crystals 114 and 16, thus providing a white display.

(See Figure 1 (B)) (3) When the first liquid crystal layer 14 is OFF, the second liquid crystal layer 1
6 is ON: Since the dichroic dye of the first liquid crystal M14 is parallel to the substrate and the dichroic dye of the second liquid crystal layer 16 is perpendicular to the substrate, the white illumination light is The light is absorbed only in the first liquid crystal layer 14 and is emitted from the liquid crystal display element 10 without being substantially absorbed in the second liquid crystal 7516, thus displaying a neutral color.

(See FIG. 1(C)) When the first liquid crystal layer 14 is ON and the second liquid crystal layer 1 (416 is OFF)
At the time of FF: Since the dichroic dye of the first liquid crystal layer 14 is perpendicular to the substrate and the dichroic dye of the second liquid crystal layer 16 is parallel to the substrate, the white illumination light is Substantially no absorption occurs in the first liquid crystal layer 14, absorption occurs only in the second liquid crystal 1116, and the light is emitted from the liquid crystal display element 10. Thus, the concentration of the dichroic dye in the first liquid crystal 1i14 becomes the second liquid crystal. Since the CP of the dichroic dye of the liquid crystal layer 16 is higher than that of
A lighter intermediate color is displayed than in case 3).

(See FIG. 1(D)) As described above, the 0N10FF operation of the first liquid crystal 114 and the second liquid crystal layer 16 results in dark color display.

Four types of display: white display, intermediate color display, and light intermediate color display
A single negative color display can be performed.

'f, Figure 3 shows an example of bar display design using the liquid crystal display element according to the present invention, and 2I is the mode (1
), 22 is a white display in mode +2+, 23 is an intermediate color display in mode (3), 24 is a light intermediate color display in mode 14), and the two types of intermediate color displays 23 and 24 express fine shadows. This results in a display with a rich three-dimensional effect.

According to the present invention, in the GH type liquid crystal display element having a two-layer structure, the l of the dichroic dye in the first liquid crystal layer is
Since the liquid crystal display element is configured so that the repellency and the concentration of the dichroic dye in the second liquid crystal layer are different, color display with four different concentrations can be performed by 0N10FF operation of the two liquid crystal layers. The basic structure of the two-layer GH type liquid crystal display element can easily provide four types of display,
It is extremely effective in that it is possible to realize a display with a rich three-dimensional effect, and it is easy to respond to diversification of various display designs.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing each operating mode of an example of a liquid crystal display element according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing each operating mode of an example of a conventional liquid crystal display element, and FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing each operating mode of an example of a conventional liquid crystal display element. 1
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a display design by the liquid crystal display element shown in the figure. 1.2.3...Glass substrate・1a・2a・2
b・3a...Transparent electrode, 4,6.14.16...
・Liquid crystal layer, 5.15... dichroic dye, 21, 22,
23゜24・・・Color display・

Claims (1)

[Claims] Three glass substrates disposed in parallel, a first liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a second liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second substrates. In a GH type liquid crystal display element with a two-layer structure including a substrate and a second liquid crystal layer disposed between a substrate and a third substrate, the concentration of the dichroic dye in the first liquid crystal layer and the concentration of the second liquid crystal 1. A liquid crystal display device, characterized in that the concentrations of dichroic dyes in the layers are different.