JPS61100337A - Linear guide apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To promote enlargement in a load bearing area as well as to make large load in vertical directions holdable, by using a roller as a device which exists between a slide block and a drive block and guides this slide block. CONSTITUTION:A slide block 1 is provided with a horizontal part 2a and a vertical part 2b, and its section is made up into almost tilted L-shaped form. And, a pair of roller guides 4 are attached to a tip end of the horizontal part 2a and a lower end of the vertical part 2b of the slide block 1. In addition there are provided with a lot of rollers 6 which circulates the inside of a roller endless track formed each in the horizontal part 2a and the vertical part 2b and holds the load between the slide block 1 and a track block 5. Here, in a stationary part 21 of a bed or the like, there are provided with setting reference planes 21a and 21b which clamp the track block 5 with a clamping bolt 8. And, a moving block 20 is installed and clamped with a setting bolt 7 to be fitted with some play in a setting hole 2d installed in a setting part 2c of the slide block 1.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a linear guide for linearly guiding a movable body to be slid in a sliding part of a machine tool such as an NC machine or an industrial robot. It is related to the device.

[Prior Art] This type of linear guide device is used in various general applications such as X-Y-Z axes in machine tools such as machining centers and NG machines, automatic tool changers, automatic welding machines, injection molding machines, and industrial robots. It is widely used in the sliding parts of industrial machinery.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in this rare conventional linear guide device, it is difficult to use balls between the slide table and the track base as a means for rolling and guiding the slide table. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the slide and way is symmetrical on the left and right sides, and the sleeves of the slide are shaped so that they embrace both shoulders of the way. ing. In conventional linear guide devices configured in this way, shims are interposed between the movable body and the sliding table to perform height adjustment. □I was wearing it. However, at this time,
The height adjustment work was troublesome because it had to be removed in order to install the shim. On the other hand, the contact between the sliding table and the track is through the balls, and in order to apply heavy loads, it is necessary to lengthen the load area of the ball track and increase the number of balls in this load area. Therefore, there was a problem that the sliding table became larger than necessary.

In addition, a pair of rolling grooves are formed on both shoulders of each way, and rows of load balls of the sliding base are rolled through these rolling grooves. Because the load is applied in the vertical and horizontal directions, four grooves are required for each track base, and four grooves are required for each slide base. It becomes necessary to form a ball endless track, and it requires a lot of man-hours to process these tracks and sliders, especially finishing the grooves.As there are many parts, assembly and preload adjustment become troublesome. There was a problem that manufacturing costs were high. Furthermore, since the contact is made by a ball at a point, there are also drawbacks such as weak strength against heavy loads.

[Means for Solving the Problems 1] This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and as a means for solving the above technical problems, the present invention has a horizontal part and a hanging part hanging down from the base end thereof. , at the tips of these horizontal parts and the lower ends of the hanging parts, there is a sliding table having load grooves and no-load grooves that constitute the load area and no-load area of the roller track, respectively; A pair of roller guides are attached to the lower end of the hanging part and form a roller endless track in conjunction with the load groove and non-load groove formed at the tip of the horizontal part and the lower end of the hanging part, and fixing the bed etc. with fixing bolts. a track base fixed to the sliding base and having upper and side rolling surfaces facing each load groove formed at the top end of the horizontal part of the sliding base and the lower end of the hanging part; A large number of rollers circulate in each roller endless track formed in conjunction with the roller guide at the lower end of the hanging part, and apply a load between each load groove on the sliding table side and each rolling surface on the way side. In the linear guide device consisting of a roller, the sliding table has a base end of the horizontal part that protrudes toward the opposite side of the horizontal part, and the upper surface thereof forms a plane facing the upper surface of the horizontal part. The line of load action between the load groove formed on the front end side of the horizontal part and the upper rolling surface of the wayway facing the load groove is perpendicular to the upper surface of the horizontal part, and The line of load action between the load groove formed on the lower end side of the hanging part and the side rolling surface of the wayway facing the load groove is inclined with respect to the perpendicular line perpendicular to the upper surface of the horizontal part, so that the bed, etc. A difference in inclination angle is provided between the fixed part mounting reference surface and the mounting surface of the above-mentioned track base, and the fixed parts and the track base are fixed with fixing bolts, so that the upper surfaces of the horizontal parts of the above-mentioned movable body and the sliding base are fixed. A slight gap is formed between the
It is an object of the present invention to provide a linear guide device characterized in that a shim is interposed in this gap and the mounting portion and movable body are fixed by the mounting bolt.

[Effect] The above technical means operates as follows.

By using rollers instead of balls, the load bearing area can be increased, so a large load can be applied, especially in the vertical direction.Moreover, the rollers can be used on the tip side of the horizontal part of the slide table and on the bottom end of the hanging part. two load grooves,
Because it is interposed between the upper and side raceway surfaces of the track,
The number of load grooves and rolling surfaces can be reduced, and the assembly work can be reduced. In addition, when fixing the 1 exercise platform to the movable body, a shim is inserted in the gap formed between the sliding base and the movable body to adjust the height, and the thickness of this shim is adjusted. In addition to applying a preload according to the application, it is also possible to easily adjust the preload according to the application by applying a pressing force from the movable body side to the top of the slide table from the mounting part side to the horizontal part side. In addition, it is possible to lower the point of contact between the track base and the sliding base, and to improve stability by minimizing the load acting on the point of contact against horizontal loads. be able to.

[Embodiments] Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the linear guide device of the present invention has a horizontal portion (2a) and a hanging portion (2a) hanging from one end of the horizontal portion (2a).
2b), the cross section of which is formed in a cylindrical shape; A pair of roller guides (4), a track base (5) located on the lower surface side of the horizontal part (2a), and the horizontal part (2a) and the hanging part (2b)
A large number of rollers (6) that circulate within roller endless tracks formed in the roller tracks and load the load between the sliding base (1) and the track base (5), and fixing bolts (8) are used to connect the track base to the track base. (5) is loosely fitted into the mounting hole (2d) drilled in the fixing part (21) of the bed etc., which has a mounting reference surface for fixing it, and the mounting part (2c) of the sliding table (1); Mounting bolts(
7) and a movable body (20) which is constructed and fixed by.

As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the sliding table (1) has a horizontal part (2a) on the bottom side of the tip and a hanging part (2b).
The load area of the roller track is formed along the axial direction of the inner surface of the lower end of the roller, and the running surface of the circular arc surface (
A load groove (9) is formed with 9a), and
The upper surface side of the tip of the horizontal part (2a) and the outer surface side of the lower end of the hanging part (2b) correspond to the load groove (9) along the axial direction, and the unloaded roller track. A groove-shaped no-load portion (10) that constitutes a region is formed.

In this case, a mounting portion (2C) is provided protruding from the base of the sliding table (1) toward the side opposite to the horizontal portion (2a), and this mounting portion (
2C) has a mounting hole (2d) into which the mounting bolt (7) loosely fits.
is drilled. In this case, the lower surface of the horizontal portion (2a) of the slide table (1) is a downwardly sloped surface (11) from the base of the slide table toward the tip.

The sliding base (1) configured in this way has mounting bolts (7
) is fixed to the movable body (20), but at this time, the adjustment bolt (26), which is tightened from the movable body (20) side, is horizontally tightened from the mounting part (2C) side against the top of the slide table. By pressing toward the portion (2a) side, the preload can be adjusted. At each longitudinal end of the sliding table (1), a lid (12) made of synthetic resin as shown in FIGS. 13 to 18 is perforated in the lid (12). It is fixed with a fixing bolt (14) passing through the through hole (13).

In addition, the roller guide (4) is shown in FIG.
As shown in Figure 2, it is formed by press molding of a metal plate or injection molding of a hard synthetic resin, and has approximately semicircular roller one-way change guide parts (15) at both ends, and these rollers. Between the one direction change guide parts (15), there is a holding part (16) having a roughly L-shaped cross section, and this holding part (16) is connected to the horizontal part (2a) of the slide table (1). Load grooves (9) are formed at the tip and the lower end of the hanging part (2b).
) and the groove-shaped non-load portion (10) form a loaded region and a non-load region of the roller endless track, and each of the roller one-direction change guide portions C15) form a loaded region and a non-load region of the roller endless track. Each roller, that is, a spherical roller, is guided between the load area and the load area. In addition, the symbol (1
1) is a through hole drilled in the holding part (16) of this roller guide (4), and each mounting hole (not shown) of the slide table (1) is inserted through this through hole (17). The roller guide (4) is connected to the slide table (1) by screws (18) screwed to the
) is installed. In this case, the roller one-way change guide part (15) of the roller guide (4) is connected to the lid (12).
), and the holding part (16) is fitted and fixed in the approximately semicircular mounting groove (19) provided in the sliding base (1). (See Figure 2).

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the above-mentioned track (5) has a mounting surface consisting of a bottom surface (22a) and a lower portion of a side surface (22b) that stands up at right angles from one end of the bottom surface (22a). (22) is formed in a roughly rectangular cross section, and one shoulder of the horizontal part of the sliding table (1) <2a) has a surface opposite to the rolling surface (9a) formed on the lower surface side of the tip. The other side surface of the shoulder part has a V-shaped notch, and the downwardly inclined surface of the notch has a hanging part (23) of the sliding table (1). 2b) Side raceway surface (24) facing opposite to the raceway surface (9a) formed on the inner surface side of the lower end portion
have. In this first embodiment, these raceway surfaces (23)', (24) are the upper and side raceway surfaces (
It is formed in an arcuate shape with the same radius of curvature as 9a). Furthermore, in the center of the track base (5), there is a fixing means mounting hole (2) that is substantially perpendicular to the horizontal upper surface (3) of the slide base (1).
5) is bored, and the fixing bolt (8) passing through this mounting hole (25) is engaged with the fixing part (21), that is, screwed, so that it is fixed to the fixing part (21). It has become. In this case, the upper raceway surface (23) and the mounting hole (25) are respectively connected to the bottom surface (2) of the mounting surface (22).
2a) at an angle of about 10' to the perpendicular (A), and the side rolling surface (24) is formed at an angle of about 45" to 60' to the center line (B) of the mounting hole (25). (see Fig. 20).

On the other hand, the mounting reference plane of the fixing part (21) includes an inclined surface (21a) that is inclined at an angle of about 11 degrees with respect to the mounting surface (3) of the sliding table (1), and this inclined surface ( 2
1a) and a locking surface (21b) that stands up from the lower end at a substantially right angle to the inclined surface (21a). When fixing the track (5) to the fixed part (21), the mounting surface (22) of the track (5) is connected to the inclined surface (21a) and the locking surface (21b) of the fixed part (21). ), then the fixing part (
21), but in this case, the mounting surface (22) of the track (5) and the inclined surface (2) of the fixed part (21)
1a) Due to the difference in inclination angle of 1° between the sliding table (
A slight gap (28) is formed between the upper surface (3) of the horizontal part of 1), and a shim (29) for preload adjustment and height adjustment is interposed in this gap (28). It has become. J5, the upper raceway surface (23) of the wayway (5) is the sliding base (1
) is almost parallel to the top surface (3) of the horizontal part, and the line of load action of the roller at the tip of the horizontal part (2a) of the exercise table (1) is almost perpendicular to the top surface (3) of the horizontal part. In addition, the side raceway surface (24) has a perpendicular line, that is, about 45 to
The line of load action of the roller (6) at the lower end of the hanging portion (2b) of the sliding table (1) can be contacted in an inclined manner within a range of 60°.

The adjustment bolt (26) is tightened from the side of the movable body (20) and controls the preload adjustment of the sliding table (1).
) horizontal screw hole (2) drilled in the side end hanging part (20a)
7), and the tip of this adjusting bolt (26) is connected to the mounting part (2C of 11 units (1)).
) so that it comes into contact with the side of the Therefore, the line of pressure action (
P) is located above the raceway surfaces (23) and (24) of the wayway (5), and due to the pressing action of this adjustment bolt (26), the rotational force (M) shown in Fig. 1 acts to create a preload. is given and the adjustment is made. In this case, the adjustment bolt (26) does not necessarily have to be installed horizontally.
At least the pressing action of the adjustment bolt (26)! 1(P) should be located above the upper raceway surface (23).

In addition, a load groove (
9) and the upper raceway surface (23) of the wayway (5) facing this load groove (9), the load action line (W) is between the inclined surface (21a) of the fixed part (21) and the locking surface. (21b) is located on the fixing bolt (8) side by a slight dimension (α) from the line of intersection, so that when a load is applied along the load action line (W), the fixing bolt (8) There is no component force in the direction of pulling, making it stable.

As shown in FIG. 1, the linear guide device of the present invention configured as described above has a mounting reference surface formed on a fixed part (21) of a bed or the like on which the track base (5) is mounted to a mechanical device or the like. It is fixed to the inclined surface (21a) and the locking surface (21b) with fixing bolts (8), and along the track (5) (of both tanks (1) constituting a learning bearing). The movable body (20) is installed on the mounting part (2C) and the mounting bolt (
7), and is used by being incorporated into a linear sliding table that guides the linear reciprocating motion of various mechanical devices. When assembling in this case, first attach the mounting surface (22) of the track (5) to the inclined surface (2) of the fixed part (21) of the bed etc.
1a) and the locking surface (21b), then screw the fixing bolt (8) through the mounting hole (25) drilled in the track (5) and into the fixing part (21). When connected, when tightening the fixing bolt (8),
The tightening force of the fixing means is determined by the slope surface (21a) and the locking surface (21a).
b) as a vertical component, and as a result, the wayway (5) comes into close contact with the locking surface (21b), and the wayway (5)
straightness is maintained. On the other hand, the sliding table (°1) is temporarily fixed to the movable body (20) using mounting bolts (7) in advance. After installing the track base (5) in this way,
Upper and side rolling surfaces (23) of the wayway (5), (
24>, a gap (28) is created between the horizontal top surface (3) of the slide table (1) and the bottom surface of the movable body (20). A shim (29) is interposed within the gap (28). By pressing the line of pressing action (P) of the adjustment bolt (26), which is tightened from the movable body (20) side, to be located above the upper rolling surface (23) of the track base (5), The sliding table (1) rotates and preload is applied. Next, when the mounting bolt (7) is tightened, the slide table (1) is rotated by the shim (29), applying a larger preload and adjusting the height according to the thickness of the shim (29). It will be done.

Although the above embodiments have been explained using spherical rollers, as shown in Fig. 7, cylindrical rollers (6
A similar effect can be obtained by using a). In addition, in the above embodiment, the mounting of the fixed part (21) and the sliding base (1
) is an inclined surface (21
a), and the mounting surface (22) of the track (5) is formed with a mounting surface having an inclination angle of about 10° with respect to the horizontal upper surface (3). For example, as shown in FIG. ) mounting surface (
22) and the mounting reference plane of the fixed part (21) to create a gap between the horizontal upper surface (3) of the sliding table (1) and the lower surface of the movable body (20). A similar effect can be obtained by forming (28).

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the linear guide device of the present invention, by using rollers instead of balls, it is possible to increase the load bearing area, so that it is possible to carry large loads, especially in the vertical direction. Furthermore, since the rollers are interposed between the two load grooves at the top end of the horizontal part and the bottom end of the hanging part of the slide table, and the upper and side rolling surfaces of the way, the rolling The number of surfaces can be reduced, and the assembly work can be reduced. Also, when fixing the sliding table to a movable body,
In order to insert the shim into the gap formed between the upper surface of the horizontal part of the slide table and the lower surface of the movable body, a pressing force is applied from the movable body side to the top of the slide table from the mounting part side toward the horizontal part side. By applying a The amount of contact can be easily adjusted, and the point of contact between the track and slide can be lowered, so the load acting on the point of contact against horizontal loads can be minimized. , its utility value is remarkable because it provides excellent effects such as improved stability.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of the linear guide device of the present invention in use, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a linear sliding roller bearing of the invention, and FIG. 3 is the I of FIG.
-I sectional view, Fig. 4 is a ■-■ sectional view of Fig. 2, Fig. 5 is a plan view of Fig. 2, Fig. 6 is a side view showing a part of Fig. 5 in cross section, Fig. 7 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of the linear guide device of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a front view of the sliding table of the present invention, FIGS. 9 and 10 are a bottom view and a side view of FIG. 8, respectively, and FIG. FIG. 11 is a front view of the roller guide in this invention, FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in FIG. 11, FIG. 13 is a front view of the lid body in this invention, and FIGS. The plan view and rear view of the figure, FIGS. 16 to 18 are respectively the X arrow view, Y arrow view, and IV-IV sectional view of FIG. 13, and FIG. 19 is a side view of the track base in this invention, Figure 20 is a sectional view taken along line v-■ in Figure 19;
The figure is a sectional view showing a third embodiment of the linear guide device of the present invention. “ Code explanation (1)...Sliding table (2a)...Horizontal part
(2b)... Drooping part (2C)...
・Mounting part (2d)...Mounting hole (3)...Horizontal part upper surface (4)...Roller guide (5)...Railway (6)...Roller (spherical roller) (6a) ...Roller (cylindrical roller) (7) ...Mounting bolt (8) ...Fixing bolt (9
)...Load groove (10)...No load part (20)
...Movable body (21)...Fixed part (21a)
... Inclined surface (21b) ... Locking surface (22) ...
・Mounting surface (22a)...Bottom surface (22b)...Side surface (23)...Top raceway surface (24)...Side raceway surface (25)...Mounting hole (26)・Adjustment bolt (27) ・Horizontal screw L (28) ・Gap (29) ・Shim (P) ・
... Suppression line of action (W) ... Load action line patent
Applicant Hiroshi Teramachi Agent
Patent Attorney Masaru Naruse Dodo Daido
Tomohiro Nakamura Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 ^ Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 1F Figure 16 Figure 17 Figure 18 Figure 21
Illustrated proceedings by the city (self-proposal) November 13, 1985 Michibe Uga, Director General of the Patent Office 1, Indication of the case 1982 Patent Application No. 221231 2, Name of the invention Linear guide device 3, Amendments made Patent applicant address (residence) 2-34-8 Higashi Tamagawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo Name: Hiroshi Teramachi 4, Agent 105 Phone: 03 (433) 442
0 Address: Shin 13-chome-8-8, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 5th floor, Building 5, Date of notice of reasons for refusal: Voluntary amendment 6, Number of inventions increased by amendment: None 7, Subject of amendment 8, Contents of amendment (1) ) The "Detailed Description of the Invention" column of the specification is corrected as follows. In the specification of the present application, on page 14, lines 10 to 17, it is stated that ``Also, the sliding table (1
) can be contacted. "In addition, there is a load groove (9) formed on the tip side of the horizontal part (2a) of the slide table (1) and a track base (5) facing this load groove (9). The load action line (W) of the roller (6) between the upper rolling surfaces (23) can contact the horizontal part upper surface (3) almost perpendicularly, and the load formed on the lower end side of the hanging part can be further reduced. The load action 1 (W') of the roller (6) between the groove (9) and the side rolling surface (24) of the wayway (5) facing oppositely to this load groove (9) is caused by the load action 1 (W') on the horizontal upper surface (3 ), it is possible to make contact in an inclined manner with respect to a perpendicular line perpendicular to ).'' (2) In the attached PA drawing, "Figure 1" is corrected as shown in the attached sheet.

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) It has a horizontal part and a hanging part that hangs down from its base end,
At the tips of these horizontal parts and the lower ends of the hanging parts, there is a sliding table having a load groove and a no-load groove that constitute the load area and no-load area of the roller track, respectively, and the tip of the horizontal part and the hanging part of the sliding table. A pair of roller guides are attached to each lower end and form a roller endless track in conjunction with a load groove and a non-load groove formed at the tip of the horizontal part and the lower end of the hanging part, and a part that fixes the bed etc. with fixing bolts. is fixed to
A track base having upper and side rolling surfaces facing each load groove formed at the top end of the horizontal part and the lower end of the hanging part of the sliding base, and Consists of a large number of rollers that circulate within each roller endless track formed in conjunction with a roller guide and apply loads between each load groove on the sliding table side and each rolling surface on the way side. In the linear guide device, the slide table is provided with a mounting part that protrudes from the base end of the horizontal part toward the opposite side of the horizontal part, and whose upper surface forms the same plane as the upper surface of the horizontal part,
The line of load action between the load groove formed on the tip side of the horizontal part and the upper rolling surface of the wayway facing the load groove is perpendicular to the upper surface of the horizontal part, and the line of action is formed on the lower end side of the hanging part. The line of load action between the load groove and the side rolling surface of the way that faces opposite to the load groove is inclined with respect to the perpendicular line perpendicular to the upper surface of the horizontal part, and the reference plane for mounting the fixed part of the bed etc. A difference in inclination angle is provided between the mounting surface of the track base and the fixing bolts are used to secure the fixed parts and the track base, so that there is a slight difference between the movable body and the upper surface of the horizontal part of the slide base. A linear guide device characterized in that a gap is formed, a shim is interposed in the gap, and the mounting portion and the movable body are fixed by the mounting bolt. (2) Claims in which the mounting reference surface of the fixing part consists of an inclined surface that is inclined with respect to the upper surface of the horizontal portion of the sliding table, and a locking surface that stands at right angles to this inclined surface. The linear guide device according to item 1. (3) The line of load action between the load groove formed on the lower end side of the hanging part and the rolling surface of the wayway facing opposite to this load groove is at an angle of 45° to 60° with respect to the perpendicular line perpendicular to the upper surface of the horizontal part. A linear guide device according to claim 1, which is inclined to. (4) The linear guide device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the line of action of the pressing force acting on the upper part of the slide table from the movable body side is located above the rolling surface of the way table. (5) The line of load action between the load groove formed on the tip side of the horizontal part of the sliding table and the rolling surface of the wayway that faces this load groove is the intersection of the inclined surface of the fixed part and the locking surface. The linear guide device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, which is located on the fixing bolt side from the line.