JPS609618B2 - Three-dimensional frame structure using plug-in assembly - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for constructing a three-dimensional frame structure, particularly a three-dimensional frame structure that can be effectively used in the field of shokurenai.

In particular, the present invention relates to a method for constructing a three-dimensional frame structure by plug-in assembly. BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, welding, riveting, or bolting have been generally used as methods for joining materials when constructing three-dimensional frame structures.

The main types of work in these methods include cutting, bending, drilling, and scraping as part of the material processing process, as well as preparing assembly jigs, correcting processing errors, and tacking as part of the assembly process. Or there are processes such as tightening assembly bolts. These processes require a relatively high degree of precision, especially in the field of civil engineering and construction-related construction work, and require skilled workers and special mechanical equipment.

As a result, among the costs required for construction, ``processing and assembly costs often reach several times the material costs.'' Especially when the framework of a structure is fine, ``compared to one with a coarse framework, the number of connections per unit weight of the materials used is As the number of parts and members increases, the ratio of processing and assembly costs to material costs tends to further increase.Conventionally, three-dimensional frame structures in the field of civil engineering and architecture include bridges with coarse frames made of relatively long members; There are many towers, buildings, etc., and some shell structures are required to be particularly lightweight.Three-dimensional frame structures with slightly finer frameworks are used in construction. The reason why this is not done is mainly due to the economical reason that the processing and assembly costs are high as mentioned above.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new construction method that is completely different from the conventional method, thereby reducing the processing and assembly costs of three-dimensional frame structures.
At the same time, it aims to explore new scope of application in the field of civil engineering and architecture.

That is, the present invention provides the following method:
A wavy line member A bent in the shape of 'b} and a longitudinal member with a chevron-shaped cross section T with an open bottom □, and two wavy line members A,, A2 coming from two diagonal directions on the left and right in the cross section T. A pair of slits, consisting of two slits S, S2, arranged at each receiving position and having a size and shape to receive the bottom portion of the wavy line member A, were provided at intervals corresponding to the wavelength of the wavy line X in the longitudinal direction. , beam member B, and (c) pin piece C
Using {i) Insert the bottom portions of the two wavy line members A, , A2 into each of the slit pairs S, , S2 of the beam member B from two diagonal directions, left and right in the cross section T of the beam member B.
(o) Two other wavy line members A are attached to the closed part R of the beam member B.
3, intersects the wavy line member A, or the valley bottom part of A2, and a gap V,, V between which the pin piece C is inserted.
2, insert the piece C into the gap V
, , V2 to pass through the beam member B, and are assembled by inserting into a pair of slits S, , S2 or a pin hole P provided for this purpose, comprising a repeating unit by plug-in assembly. , provides a three-dimensional framework structure.

Adopting a simple wavy line x, for example one with constant amplitude and wavelength, helps to reduce costs.

However, in general, the shape is the most reasonable in order to provide the strength required by the purpose of the structure. Of course, it is also possible to construct one structure in which several types of different wavy lines X are present, and in some cases, the strength is greater.

The wavy line member A is usually made of steel. If special performance is required depending on the application, for example, if lockability is required for a structure used under the sea, a material suitable for each application may be used. Commercially available or commonly known steel bar members such as round steel bars, square steel bars, flat steel bars, deformed steel bars, or steel pipes can be used, but it is possible to use commercially available or commonly known steel bars without worrying about their cross-sectional shape. A wide variety of materials may be used.

As for the beam member B, its cross section T is < type, C type, [
Examples include molds or molds, but the closing part R
Of course, it is not limited to these types as long as the conditions required are met.

The group of pin holes in the beam member B can be provided by using the slits S, S2 as the pin holes P, and in this case, the structure is simpler and the strength of the part does not deteriorate.

The beam member may also be made of steel; advantageously, the type or type may be commercially available. At each node (=insertion connection point) of the three-dimensional frame structure according to the present invention, the compressive force and tensile force acting on one beam member are transmitted to all other members in contact at the node, and {〇 ) The compressive force acting on the rod-shaped member 1 is transmitted to the beam member through the contact surface with the beam member, and further transmitted to the other rod-shaped member that contacts the beam member at the relevant node, and the tensile force acting on the rod-shaped member 1 is transmitted to the beam member and other rod-shaped members in contact with it via the connecting piso member, and in this way, all member forces applied to each reinforcement point and external force are balanced, and the three-dimensional frame structure is maintained. It fulfills the function of

In principle, one beam member and four rod-shaped members, a total of five frame members, gather at a node located inside the three-dimensional frame structure according to the present invention (= gather at one point from 10 directions) It turns out.

Of course, at nodes located at the boundary surfaces of structures,
As with general frame structures, the number of villages gathered at one node may be reduced as appropriate compared to the case of internal nodes. On the other hand, in some cases, these members alone may not be strong enough to stabilize the frame, but in this case, necessary additional members may be additionally arranged using a conventional joining method. Due to the above-described structure of the method of the present invention, processing of the material is much simpler than in the conventional method, and no complicated processing is required.

In addition, the work required to assemble the members is only to insert the members into each other and to insert the connecting pin pieces, and there is no need for skilled work such as welding, riveting, or bolting. Therefore, the cost of processing and assembling a three-dimensional frame structure can be significantly reduced compared to the conventional method.
Therefore, it becomes possible to realize a three-dimensional frame structure with a relatively fine frame, which has not been constructed for economical reasons in the past. Structures with fine frames have the following advantages compared to structures with coarse frames that use long and large members. [A] Since the structural members are short, lightweight, and easy to handle, it is easy to construct in locations that are difficult to transport or assemble due to terrain. {o
} The load can be widely distributed and transmitted to the foundation surface,
The basic structure is relatively simple.

By taking advantage of these features, the following structures can be economically constructed using the present invention.

Sabo dams, retaining walls, quays, breakwaters, artificial islands, reefs, bridges, mountain roads, etc.

Hereinafter, specific examples of the configuration of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a front view showing two examples of the shape of the wavy line × in the wavy line part A, and ``Fig. 2 is a partial plan view showing the vicinity of the pin hole P and slits S, S2 in the beam part B. 3 is a front view of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line 1-1 of FIGS. 2 and 3, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 1-1 in FIG. 5, and FIG.
The figures are sectional views showing three types of examples of the shape of the cross section T of the beam member B, FIG. is a perspective view showing the structure of a nodal part, FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a partial frame structure consisting of five nodes, and FIGS. 11 to 17 are explanatory diagrams showing various usage examples of the three-dimensional frame structure. It is.

As shown in FIG. 1, various shapes are possible for the wavy line x.

Figure Nakagawa, [Although both have constant amplitude and wavelength, each is used in the direction of strength depending on its shape. 2nd ~
In Figure 6, the beam section has a cross section T of the shape "
The pin holes P are shown using slits S, , S2.

In this example, a notch is provided in the slit to form a pin hole so that the pin piece can be inserted horizontally. As shown in FIG. 6, the valley bottom part and the peak part of the wavy line x do not necessarily have to have the same shape; rather, it is more advantageous to make them reasonably different, such as the length of the slit being smaller. 7 and 8 show various shapes of the cross section T and corresponding configurations.

The slit may be used as a pin hole relatively freely as long as the strength of the beam member is not affected. A dual-purpose type is somewhat more convenient for actual assembly work. 9th
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the plug-in assembly, and clearly shows the structure of the nodes and the structure of the frame structure composed of the nodes.

FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 show one embodiment (=Example 1) in which the present invention is applied to an erosion control dam, and the construction procedure thereof is as follows.

{i) As a frame material, a wavy line member A consisting of a round steel bar bent in a wavy shape so as to form a part of the frame structure having the shape shown in Figs. 11 and 12; 1 at the bottom of the valley of village A in the wavy line at intervals that match the wavelength
A beam member B with a pair of slits each having a shape that accepts the pin part C and a notch into which the pin part C described below can be inserted, and a round steel beam having the required length. Prepare a connecting pin piece C consisting of a connecting pin piece C, a reinforcing member D consisting of a round steel rod having a sufficient length to connect the beam member at the top in the dam axis direction, and a screen material E consisting of a round steel rod. do.

[o) After excavating the foundation of the dam, construct foundation concrete 2 at the necessary locations to shape the foundation surface so that the beam members B located on the foundation surface 3 of the frame structure can be arranged and installed at predetermined positions. Shape 3.

1. The beam members B to be arranged on the lowest surface of the foundation surface, that is, the first stage beam members B, are arranged and fixed at predetermined positions on the foundation surface 3 with the peaks of the chevrons facing upward.

〇 Insert the bottom portions of the pair of wavy line members A in the first stage into the opposing slits of all two adjacent rows of beam members B in the first stage.

The peak part is assembled symmetrically above the center of the two rows of beam members B, while the valley bottom part is secured by inserting the pin piece C into the pin hole of beam member B so as to sew them together. . (E) Place the second stage beam member B on the foundation surface 3.
The ones located above are arranged and fixed in their predetermined positions, and the other ones are installed so as to cover the peaks of the pair of wavy line members A in the first stage assembled in 6 above and connect them. do.

N Insert the bottom portions of the pair of wavy line members A in the second stage into the opposing slits of all two adjacent rows of beam members B in the second stage.

The peak part is assembled symmetrically above the center of the two rows of beam members B in the second stage, while the peak part of the wavy line member A in the first stage and the wavy line member in the second stage are assembled symmetrically. Insert the pin piece C so as to sew through the bottom part of A and the pin hole of the second stage beam member B. [G) After repeating the steps (1) and (N) above in the same manner and installing the beam members B that should be arranged at the highest position, that is, the top of the embankment, connect the pin holes of these beam members B and the wavy line members coming from the lower left and right. Insert pin piece C so as to sew around the top of A. A reinforcing member D is welded to connect the beam member B at the top of the embankment in the dam axis direction, and its ends on both left and right banks are fixed to the foundation rock or foundation concrete 2.

'li} Screen material E is placed on the upstream side of the frame structure constructed in the above steps for the purpose of damming the sand reef, and is welded and fixed to the wavy line member A located on the upstream side.
Complete construction of sabo dam.

The sabo dam of this embodiment has the function of damming most of the sand conveying machine on the upstream side and at the same time allowing running water to freely flow down through the inside of the framework. Therefore, compared to concrete erosion control dams, which have been constructed most commonly as erosion control dams in the past, the degree to which L River water is unnecessarily pumped up is lower. Steel frame screen dams made by welding or bolting have conventionally been used in some parts as having the same function as this embodiment, but according to the construction method of the present invention, parts that require welding or bolting Since the damage is limited to only a small portion, the processing and assembly work is significantly simplified compared to conventional steel screen dams, and the construction period is shortened, resulting in a significant improvement in economic efficiency.

Alternatively, according to the construction method of the present invention, compared to conventional construction methods using welding or bolting, it is possible to create a much finer frame structure at the same processing and assembly cost, that is, it is possible to downsize the members. .

Particularly for erosion control dams, which are often constructed in remote mountainous areas, there are great benefits because the miniaturization of components makes it easier to transport materials and assemble them. In addition, in fine frame structures, the load is finely distributed and transmitted to the foundation surface, and large concentrated loads do not occur, so the foundation work can be relatively sized. Figures 13 and 14 (Figure 13
1-1 line sectional view in the figure) shows a case where the present invention is applied to a mountain road.
This shows an example (=Example 2).

The procedure for constructing the framework is almost the same as in Example 1 above, but some differences are as follows.

{i) A wavy line member A consisting of a round steel bar bent into the required wavy shape as a frame material, <a beam with slits of the required shape at intervals corresponding to the wavelength of the wavy line in the longitudinal direction of the shaped steel Member B, [Beam member with pin holes provided in the longitudinal direction of the shaped steel at the same intervals as the slits of the beam member B, and a connecting pin member C consisting of a round steel bar with the required length. Prepare.

[o} Foundation excavation, construction of foundation concrete 2, shaping of foundation surface 3, and construction of a frame using the above-mentioned wavy line members A, beam members B, and pin pieces C are carried out as described in Example 1. } but use & instead of B only for the beam member installed on the top of the frame.

This means that when the deck plate 4 is installed on the top surface of the head beam member during subcontracting, its supporting area is
This is because type steel B is larger than type steel B and has a better stress state. A deck plate 4 is installed on the upper surface of the beam member B2 at the top, and after placing reinforcing bars, concrete is poured to form a road floor plate 5.

In the construction of mountain roads, in addition to constructing bridges and tunnels depending on the topography, most methods are being explored, such as cutting out the mountainside on the mountain side of the route, embanking it on the river side, installing retaining walls, and forming the roadbed. It is being

If the structure of this embodiment is adopted instead of this cut-off embankment part, the necessary excavation of the mountainside will be limited to a small scale for shaping the foundation surface 3, and large-scale cutting for forming the roadbed will be unnecessary. becomes. Therefore, there is less damage to the mountainside,
It is advantageous in protecting the natural environment. The features of the present invention, such as the simplification of processing and assembly work, the ability to downsize components, the relatively small-scale foundation work, and the shortening of the construction period as described in Example 1, are as follows: It is also a big advantage.

Figures 15 (top view), 16 (front view), and 17
The figures (Figs. 15 and 16) show an example (Example 3) in which the present invention is applied to a steel reef, and the steps for its construction and sinking are as follows. .

(B) As frame materials, wavy line member A consists of round steel beams bent into the required wave shape, and beam member B has slits of the required shape at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the bent steel.
, a connecting pin piece C consisting of a round steel bar with the required length.
A bottom connecting member F made of shaped steel is prepared, and has a length sufficient to connect the first stage beam member in a direction perpendicular to its axis.

{o} On the deck of the barge, the bottom connecting members F are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval with their cross-sectional abdomens facing upward, and the first stage is placed above them in a direction perpendicular to this. The beam members B are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, and welding is performed along the contact area between the bottom joining member F and the first beam part village B to join them and form the bottom frame. form.

1. Complete the construction of the framework by following the same procedure as in Example 1. The constructed framework is transported to the sinking point on a barge, and the bottom connection member F'
A rope is attached to it, it is hoisted up by a crane, and it is deposited on the seabed surface 6.

In addition to welding and bolting as a conventional method for joining members of a steel reef, there is also a known method in which a lap joint of rod-shaped members is tied together with a steel ring-shaped part.

The framework of the steel fish reef of this embodiment is constructed entirely by plug-in assembly, except for the use of welding in a small portion, so the processing and assembly work is significantly simpler than in the conventional method. Furthermore, conventionally there was a problem that bolted parts were weak points against corrosion, but the fish reef of this embodiment does not have this weak point. In recent years, as the need for developing marine resources has increased, the development of large-scale artificial reefs has been desired.

Conventionally, the majority of artificial reefs have been made of concrete, but once they reach a certain size, concrete reefs become heavy and difficult to implement, whereas relatively lightweight steel reefs become advantageous. According to the present invention, it is possible to economically construct and deposit large steel fish reefs with fine frameworks that have no weaknesses to corrosion. Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a front view showing two examples of the shape of the wavy line × in the wavy line section A, and Fig. 2 is a front view showing the pin hole P and slit S of the beam member B.
, S2, FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a partial plan view showing the vicinity of S2.
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a part of the nodal point, that is, the connection part of the plug-in assembly;
6 is a sectional view taken along the line 1-1 in FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing three examples of the shape of the cross section T of the beam member B, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the three types, FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the structure of a node portion, and FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a partial frame structure consisting of five nodes, 11 to 17 are explanatory diagrams showing various usage examples of the three-dimensional frame structure.

A, A,, A2, h... Wavy line member "×・
... Wavy line, B, B,, B2 ... Beam section, C ... Pin section, T ... Cross section of beam member, R ...... Lower opening of cross section T, S,,S2
...Slit "P...pin hole, V, V,, V2...
...Gap created by intersecting wavy line members, D...Reinforcement member for the top of the sabo dam embankment, E...Screen material for the sabo dam, F...For joining the bottom of the steel fish reef. Part “1…
...Foundation excavation line, 2...Foundation concrete 3
... Foundation surface of frame structure, 4 ... Deck plate for mountain road floor plate, 5 ... Road floor plate, 6 ... Seabed surface.

Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16 Figure 17

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 (a) A wavy line member A made by bending a rod-shaped member into the shape of a wavy line X having a predetermined amplitude and wavelength, and (b) a longitudinal member having a chevron-shaped cross section T with an open bottom. In the cross section T, there are two wavy line members A_1, A_2 coming from two diagonal directions, left and right.
Two slits S_1 having the size and shape to receive the bottom part of the wavy line member A, placed at each receiving position.
, S_2 are provided in the beam member B at intervals corresponding to the wavelength of the wavy line X in the longitudinal direction; (c)
Using the pin piece C, (a) two wavy line members A_1 from two diagonal directions on the left and right in the cross section T of the beam member B.
, A_2 is connected to the slit pair S_1 of beam member B.
, S_2 each, (b) Insert the peak parts of two other wavy line members A_3 and A_4 into the opening R of beam member B,
(c) Insert the pin piece C into the gap V_1, V_2 so as to intersect the bottom part of the wavy line member A_1 or A_2 and create gaps V_1, V_2 between which the pin piece C can fit.
A pair of slits S_1, S_2 or a pin hole P provided for this purpose is inserted so as to pass through the beam member B by threading through the beam member B.
A three-dimensional framework structure comprising repeating units assembled by inserting into or assembled into. 2. The structure according to item 1 above, in which the wavy line member A is a rod-shaped member bent into the shape of a wavy line X having a constant amplitude and wavelength. 3. The structure according to item 1 or 2 above, in which a steel bar member is used as the wavy line member A. 4. The structure according to item 3 above, which uses a round steel bar, square steel bar, flat steel bar, deformed steel bar, or steel pipe as the steel bar member. 5. As the beam member B, steel is used, as described in the preceding paragraph 1.
Structures described in . 6 As beam member B, its cross section T is ■-shaped, ■-shaped,
The structure described in the preceding item 1 or 5, using a ■ type or ■ type. 7 As the beam member B, the slits S_1 and S_2 are partially enlarged to form a pin hole P, as described in 1 and 5 above.
or the structure described in 6.