JPS6016616A - Construction of retaining wall and unit therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simply construct a strong retaining wall by a method in which one side piece of an L-shaped netting part is set in the direction of slope, the other side piece is set in the inside direction of the slope, and both the side pieces are connected by bars through beams. CONSTITUTION:The face of one side piece W1 of an L-shaped metal netting part LX is set in the direction of slope by turning its end portion E1 toward the upper part of the slope, and the face of the other side piece W2 is set in the inside direction of the slope. Both the side pieces W1 and W2 are connected by a bar R through a beam B. Soil and sand are packed into the inside of the netting part LX, and the netting part LX is further set on the part LX and soil is packed into the part LX in repeated manner to construct a retaining wall.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for constructing an earth retaining wall and a construction unit.

The present invention particularly relates to a construction method and a construction unit for an earth retaining wall used for mountain and flood control. Our country is often hit by torrential rains caused by typhoons, etc., and has steep mountainous areas, so water flowing down steep slopes can cause damage to the slopes.
Not only do they erode and devastate river banks and riverbeds, but they also turn into mudflows that attack forests, rivers, civil engineering structures, cultivated land, and villages, causing great damage. There is also significant damage caused by mudflows and landslides caused by rain or collapse of volcanic ash and debris deposited during eruptions. It is an object of the present invention to provide a construction method and a construction unit for an earth retaining wall, particularly to prevent such damage.

For such earth retaining walls, materials that need to be prepared and transported to the site are small (both weight and capacity are small, and construction work can be completed quickly and easily on site, which is desirable. Labor-saving is desirable). This is not only because we live in an era where construction is urgently needed, but also because disaster prevention and recovery are often necessary.Therefore, there is a long-awaited development of a construction method that can be constructed quickly using local earth and sand. Ta.

Most of the currently known earth retaining walls that use local earth and sand are based on a type of frame work that has its origins in the permeable water construction works of ancient Japan, such as concrete and frames. Hashira-omahi is constructed by assembling frames using shi and filling them with earth and sand and connecting them vertically and horizontally as necessary. Retaining walls constructed using these known frame constructions are somewhat satisfactory in terms of strength and durability, but the weight of the frame materials such as columns and beams is large, and it requires welding to assemble the frames and connect them to each other. Otherwise, it requires work such as tightening bolts and nuts, which is by no means satisfactory in terms of labor saving. Furthermore, the overall structure of the retaining wall is too rigid and lacks deformability, and if the anchorage settles unevenly, the stability of the entire structure will be lost. Some of them have been devised to give the framework some deformability.

However, there is no improvement in that the weight of the frame material is large and that assembly requires complicated labor.

The present inventor has focused on the fact that expanded metal is lightweight and has appropriate deformability, and has developed a technology to significantly reduce the weight of frame materials and provide appropriate deformability to the structure through extensive use of expanded metal. proposed several.

One of them uses a roof-shaped structural unit (2R unit) made by bending expanded metal.

These R units are stacked in many tiers so that the roof shapes are parallel and the sword-like teeth on both sides of the upper unit engage with the mesh of the lower R unit.
Special Publication No. 54-2961).

Another method is to use a bow-shaped tension unit (BT unit) in which expanded band metal is warped into a bow shape, and both ends of a bar-shaped piece are fastened to meshes at both ends of the stretched metal to create a tensioned string shape. These BT units are connected and stacked up on the stairs (16916-16
).

The other is a fence-shaped J-shaped structure unit (
It is also possible to use two FJ units).

These FJ units are stacked up in a stair-like manner by interlocking the blade teeth and the mesh, and connecting the bar-like pieces and the mesh in many ways (Tokuko Sho 57-136'92).
).

These earth retaining walls make full use of the above-mentioned advantages of expanded metal itself, and at the same time eliminate the need for complicated on-site work such as bolt and nut joints at expanded metal joints, allowing quick and low-cost construction. This is what we succeeded in doing.

However, because of the roof-shaped structure of the R unit, it is necessary to pack earth and sand from the side, and it is not necessarily suitable for filling earth and sand using mechanical force, for example, by means of dosing. Further, with respect to the BT unit and the FJ unit, it is desirable that the upper unit and the lower unit can be connected more easily. Furthermore, none of these six types of units were made for the purpose of covering a flat surface with expanded metal on a slope.

As a result of intensive research, the inventors of the present invention have developed a new unit suitable for earth filling using mechanical force, which also allows for easy connection of the upper and lower units, and created an earth retaining wall that covers the slope surface planarly with mesh plates. succeeded in developing a construction method.

That is, the present invention has the following features: 0) An L-shaped groove that has an L-shaped cross section and has two blades (Wl) (W2) and is open to the outside near the end (El) of at least one of the blades (Wl). A metal L-shaped net member ("LX") formed with a shaped part (()), a beam member (B) of a shape that fits the groove part (G) of the net member (LX), and a net member ( One end is attached to the beam member (B) applied to the groove-like part (G) of LX), and the wing piece (W2) of the net member (LX) is attached.
←) Prepare a plurality of rod members (R) processed so that the other end can be engaged with the other end near the end (E2), and insert the beam member (B) into the groove of the net member (Lx) Shape CG
) and place one end of the rod member (R) on the beam member (B
) to the vicinity of the end (El) of the net member (Lx) and the vicinity of the end (E2) of the other end of the net member (LX>). In the middle, Amibe phase (
LX) so that the wing surface of the winglet (Wl) faces toward the slope and its end (El) faces upwards, and the wing surface of the other winglet (W2) faces toward the inside of the slope. Fill the inside of the wing surface of the wing (wl) of the net member (r, (El) A method for constructing an earth retaining wall, which consists of positioning the wing pieces (w2) of another net member (LX) toward the inside of the slope and repeating steps (b) and (c). This is what we provide.

Furthermore, the present invention has two blades (Wl) (W2) with an L-shaped cross section and an L-shaped groove opening to the outside near the end (El) of at least one of the blades (Wl). A metal L':f-type net member (LX) formed with a shaped part (G), a beam member (B) applied to the groove part CG) of the net member (LX), and one end of the metal L': A rod member (B) whose other end is engaged near the end (E2) of the wing piece (W2) of the net member (LX)
The present invention provides an earth retaining wall construction unit consisting of R).

According to the method of the present invention, a unit consisting of L-shaped rope parts 1, 4 (LX), a beam member (B) and a rod member (R)
(A retaining wall with LX-BI (units) stacked vertically is obtained. The end (El) of the wing surface of one wing piece (Wl) of the net member (LX) is directed upwards on the slope. The other wing piece (W2)') of the net member (t, X,) is located in the direction of the slope.
) The wing surface extends toward the inside of the slope. Beam part +
A (B) is applied to the net, the groove-like part CG of the wing piece (Wl) of part 4J (LX), and the rod member (R) is applied to both the wing pieces (W
l) (W2) and extends.

Therefore, since the upper part of the unit is open, filling with earth and sand using mechanical force can be carried out very easily.

In addition, the upper unit, knit and lower unit are lower unit LX-
BRj-knit net member (LX) It is sufficient to place the blade (W2) of the net member (LX) of the upper unit so that it is located toward the inside of the slope from the end (El) of the blade (Wl). .

In fact, if the unit is assembled in advance, the steps of hoisting the unit, suspending it in a predetermined position, and filling it with earth and sand can be easily carried out in succession using only the excavator and the driver. Of course, the net member (LX) may be suspended in a predetermined position and then combined with other members.

If the wing surface of the wing piece (W2) that extends toward the inside of the slope of the rope section U (LX) is oriented horizontally, compaction after filling with earth and sand only needs to be horizontal, making the construction method even simpler. become.

The resulting retaining wall has a slope surface with wing pieces (Wl) of the net member (LX).
) is covered flatly by the wing surface of the An important feature to note is that the inclination of this covered slope plane can be changed freely by simply changing the bending angle of the net member (LX). Unlike the case of concrete blocks, there is no need to prepare various units with different dimensions and formwork for them.

The beam member (B) and the rod member (R) function to maintain the bending angle of the net member (LX), that is, to act as a tension member against the retaining wall. Both wings (W) of the net member (LX)
The tensile force that connects IXW2) and is applied to the members ('R) is uniformly applied to the groove-shaped portion (()) of the net member (LX) via the beam member CB). Therefore, stress is not partially concentrated on one mesh, and the fracture strength of the unit is increased.

The presence of the groove (G) also increases the rigidity of the unit. The shape of the groove portion (()) may be any shape as long as it matches the shape of the beam member (, B). For example, a groove (G) with a U-shaped or U-shaped cross section running parallel to the end (El) of the net member (LX) is provided, and a round steel bar or angle-shaped fI4 is mounted as a beam member BI. cormorant.

The engaging end of the rod member (R) can have various shapes. The easiest way to do this is by bending the end into a U-shape. One end of the rod member (R) can be easily removed by passing the U-shape at one end through the mesh of the groove (G) of the net member (LX) and passing the beam member CB) inside the U-shape. It can be engaged with the vicinity of the end (El) of the net member (LX) via the beam portion 1 (B). U-shaped at the other end.

can be easily engaged near the end (E2) of the net N member (LX) by passing it through the mesh of the net member (LX) and pulling it back. At this time, it is also possible to pass the beam member (B') inside the U-shape through the mesh.

In addition, using the rope part 4t (LX) with a similar groove-shaped part (G') formed near the end part (E2), apply the beam part benefit (B') to the groove-shaped part (G'), and It is also possible to perform the same binding as in part (El).

Furthermore, a rod member (R) having a T-shape at the other end may also be used.

In any case, in securing the mesh, it is preferable to use a securing method that minimizes and averages the stress applied to each line of the mesh as much as possible.

Moreover, since the rod member (R) mainly takes charge of tensile force, it may be made of a flexible material, such as a wire rope.

The net member (LX) is a commercially available metal net plate that has the rigidity to maintain its plate shape and appropriate deformability.
For example, you can choose from expanded metal or welded rebar mesh and make it from that.

Adjacent units can be combined as desired. For example, adjacent net members (LX) (LX) are connected by clip pieces (C). At this time, it is preferable to avoid tightly coupling vertically adjacent units.

Even if the distance between the upper and lower units (Q) 75' changes significantly due to the compaction of the earth and sand by the retaining wall and the washing away of the earth and sand by the retaining wall 17k, even if the distance 75' between the upper and lower units changes significantly, the unit used as a single member (in general, the unit itself is moderately It resists deformation and has very high strength as a retaining wall.

Depending on the characteristics of the soil, local climate, and locational conditions such as the earth's crust, a considerable degree of soil compaction, washout, and subsidence may be expected.

In such a case, if the upper and lower units are tightly joined when constructing the retaining wall 4g, the upper and lower units will begin to be compressed relatively early, resulting in rapid deformation of the units.

In order to overcome this early deformation problem, the upper and lower units should not be tightly joined together when constructing the retaining wall. However, when building a retaining wall with a unit using Tsunabeki,
It is by no means easy to obtain a safe retaining wall without tightly joining the upper and lower units (C-joining them).

The unit used in the present invention is a wing piece (W) extending in the slope direction.
1) and wing pieces (W2) extending toward the inside of the slope. Of course, the wing pieces (Wl) have a stabilizing shear effect on the slope. The wing pieces (W2) withstand the back pressure applied to the unit due to friction with the earth and sand inside the retaining wall, and also function to transmit the weight of the earth and sand inside the unit to the earth and sand inside the lower unit. At this time, the wing pieces (Wl) of the lower unit extending in the slope direction are not subjected to deformation force, and only the wing pieces (W2) extending in the direction inside the slope face are subjected to compressive force, increasing friction with the earth and sand inside the retaining wall. Make the wall more stable. The compressive force applied to the blade (W2) is transmitted to the blade (Wl) via the rod member (R) and the beam member (B), and acts in a direction to press the slope and compress the earth and sand within the unit. Furthermore, the stability of the wall will increase.

Thus, in the present invention, by not tightly joining the end portion (El) of the wing piece (Wl) to the upper stage unit, early deformation of the unit can be repeated.

On the other hand, in the present invention, the rope part (LX) and the beam member (B)
There is no need to perform complicated on-site work such as bolt/nut joints to join the rod part (R) and the rod part (R). In fact, the bonding technique itself can be selected and used from among the techniques already provided, or from other known bonding techniques if desired, and even in the embodiments described below. A joining method that can be performed by operation is disclosed.

Placing a mat made of a fine-mesh breathable and water-permeable material on the inside of the mesh member (LX) is particularly useful when, for example, local soil particles are small and may flow out through the mesh of the mesh member (LX). preferable.

In addition, if a mat for vegetation containing plant seeds is used as a mat, continuous and uniform greening of the wall surface is possible, which prevents soil from flowing away from the wall and speeds up the recovery of the natural environment. I can do it. Various types of these mats are available on the market.

Thus, the present invention takes advantage of the advantages of the prior art, while
We have succeeded in providing a useful new retaining wall construction method and construction unit.

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

Figures 1(a) and 1(b) show the net members (L) used in each of the present inventions.
An example of X) is shown in a longitudinal cross-sectional view. Both (a) and (b) are made by bending expanded metal into a cross-sectional shape with two wing pieces (wl) (W2). In (a), a groove portion CG) having a U-shaped cross section is formed near the end portion (El) of the blade (Wl) so as to open to the outside of the L-shape. (b) is a winglet (Wl
) Grooves (GXG') each having a V-shaped cross section are similarly formed near the end (EIXE2) of (W2).

Figure 2 (CXd) is the net member (LX) in Figure 1 (a) for each building.
Similarly, an example of a unit in which a beam member CB') and a rod member (R) are combined is shown in a longitudinal sectional view. (cXd) In both cases, a round steel bar is used as the beam member (B).

In (c), a bar member (R) with one end shaped like a U-shape and the other end shaped like a T-shape is used. It is passed through the mesh near the end (E2) of the U-shape and the mesh of the groove-shaped portion CG), and then passed through the beam member CB) into the U-shape and assembled. In (d), a rod member (R) whose both ends are processed into a U-shape is used. Each end is passed through the mesh near the end (E2) and the grooved portion CG), and the beam portion 4A (B) CB'') is passed through each U-shape.

In the example of FIG. 1(b), although not shown, FIG. 6(f)
As in the example above, angle-shaped steel is used as the beam member (BXB'). The chevron of the beam part (BXB') is adapted to the groove part (C)XG') having a V-shaped cross section. Pass each end of the rod member (R) with both U-shaped parts through the mesh of the groove part (G) (σ) and the slit formed in the beam member (BXB') to form a U-shaped part. Insert the pin pieces inside and assemble.

Each of the above units includes one net member (LX), one or two beam members (B) and a rod member (R).
Although this is an example in which two beams (overlapping in the figure) are used, the number of beam members CB) and rod members (R) can be changed as appropriate. For example, one long beam part 1 (B) can be shared by a plurality of net members (LX). C may also be used in which six or more rod members (R) are used in the long net member (LX).

Figure 6 (eXf) shows a state in which the units in Figure 2 (c) for each building and units using the net member (LX) in Figure 1 (b) with the blade angles set at right angles are stacked under E.・Place the lower unit that is a vertical cross-sectional view, or make it on the spot,
Fill the lower unit with earth and sand, and close the end of the lower unit (E
l) Place the upper unit so that the wing piece (W2) of the upper unit is located closer to the inside of the slope, or make it on the spot, and fill the upper unit with earth and sand. Although not shown,
If desired, the clip piece (0) can be used to connect the upper and lower units in a loose manner.

When the earth and sand capacity in the lower unit decreases, the upper unit descends and compacts the earth and sand in the lower unit.

At this time, the wing pieces (Wl) on the slope of the lower unit are not deformed. The compacted earth and sand pushes against the wing piece (Wl) of the lower unit, increasing the force withstanding back pressure due to friction and pushing the wing piece (Wl) through the rod member (R) and beam member CB).
l) to stabilize the slope by pulling it toward the inside of the slope.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view, partially in longitudinal section, of an example of a retaining wall constructed using the unit shown in FIG. 2(c). Here, the blade angles of the rope sections A, t (LX) become wider as the unit moves upwards, so the slope becomes steeper as it moves upwards (so-called temple slope earthen slope). A retaining wall has been obtained.Between the upper and lower units, each net member (LX) is different only in that it is made of the same storage material and the bending angle is changed, and the beam members CB) and All rod members (R) are the same. Rod member (R
) is used by changing its assignment position. It is preferable that each unit has a texture.

As is clear from the above detailed explanation, the present invention is applicable to the rope part 4t (LX), the beam member CB) and the rod member (R
) and a new construction method (LX-BR construction method) and unit (LX-
BR unit).

Note that the above-described embodiments merely disclose specific examples of the present invention, and the technical scope of the present invention is by no means limited thereto, and includes various changes and modifications.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 shows Tsunabe Tori (LX) used in the method and unit of the present invention.
2 is a vertical sectional view showing a specific example of the unit of the present invention) assembled by the method of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a specific example of the unit ) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a state in which the units of
The figure is a perspective view, partially in section, of a retaining wall constructed by applying the unit shown in FIG. 2(c). Drawing i (T+ document (no change in content) Figure 1 (0) (b) Figure 2 (c) (d) Figure 3 (e) (f) Procedure correction ・1) (method) Showa [August 58, 51] Director General of the Patent Office 1, Indication of Case Patent Application No. 124356 of 1988 3
Person making the amendment Relationship to the case Patent applicant: Betsuji Betsusei Co., Ltd. (and one other person) 4th representative Attorney Tameike Tokyu Building 5, 1-14 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Order for amendment No. 1” Spontaneous 6 Number of inventions increased by amendment 8, contents of amendment as attached.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) (A) A cross section with two blades (Wl) (W2);
) A metal L-shaped net member (LX) formed with an L-shaped groove opening to the outside near the net member (LX), and a beam shaped to fit the groove (G) of the net member (LX). One end of the beam member (B) applied to the groove (G) of the member (B) and the net member (LX), and the wing piece (W2) of the net member (LX)
A plurality of rod members (R) processed so that the other end can be engaged with each other are prepared near the end (E2) of each type, and the beam member (B) is connected to the net member (i, x), and place one end of the rod member (R) near the end (El) of the net member (LX) via the beam member (B).
The other end is engaged with the vicinity of the end (E2) of the net member (LX), and the net member (
LX) so that the wing surface of the winglet (Wl) faces toward the slope and its end (El) faces upwards, and the wing surface of the other winglet (W2) faces toward the inside of the slope. (a) Fill the inside of the wing surface of the wing piece (Wl) of the net member (LX) with soil, and (e) Fill the edge (El) of the wing piece (Wl) of the net member (LX) with sand. A method for constructing an earth retaining wall, which comprises repeating steps (b) and (c) by positioning a wing piece (W2) of another net member (LX) in the direction inward of the slope. (2) Make sure that the other ends of the rods, I and J (R) are aligned with the end (E2) of the net member (LX) near the end (E2) of the net member (Lx). L-shaped beam member attached from the outside (B
The method described in the preceding section (1), which is carried out via (3) As the net member (LX), the end (E
2) Use a similar groove-shaped part (forming a target) near the other end of the rod member (R) and the end of the net member (LX) (E
2) The method described in (2) K above, in which the connection with the nearby part is performed via the beam member (B') applied to the groove-shaped part (G'). (4) As the rod member (R), one end is processed into a U-shape and the other end into a T-shape, using the method described in the previous section (Ll). (5) Adjacent net members (LX) ) (LX) is joined by clip piece CC). (6) Place the wing surface of the wing piece (W2) in the horizontal direction,
). (7) The method described in (1) above, in which the net member (LX) is made of expanded metal. (8) Two winglets (Wl) (W2) with an L-shaped groove that opens to the outside near the end (El) of one of the winglets (Wl). A metal L-shaped net member (LX) formed by forming a metal L-shaped net member (LX), a beam member (B) applied to the groove-shaped part (G) of end portion 1.I (LX), and one end portion of the beam member $ 1(B) Attach the other end to the net member (LX)
A retaining wall construction unit consisting of a rod member (R) engaged near the end (E2) of a wing piece (W2). (9) The other end of the rod IJ (R) and the end (E2) of the net member (LX) are connected to the end (K2) (= L of the net member (r, x) near the J The cornice (LX) described in the previous section (8r), which is connected via the beam member (B') applied from the outside of the shape, connects to the end (E2) of the wing piece (W2).
A similar groove-shaped part (G') is also formed in the vicinity, and the other end of the rod member (R) and the end part (E2) of the end part @' (LX) are aligned with each other. The unit according to item (9) above, wherein the beam member (B') is applied to the groove-shaped portion (G'). (lυ The unit 1 described in the preceding item (8), in which the rod portion 1 (R) is processed into a U-shape at one end and a T-shape at the other end. (12) The unit according to item (8), wherein the net member (LX) is made of Expantomeckle.