JPS6088130A - Production of colored fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain colored fibers having improved durability continuously at a low cost even in small lots, by spraying dye mists to melt extruded filaments both in the oppositely charged state to apply the mists uniformly and efficiently thereto. CONSTITUTION:Dye mists having <=10mum particle diameter are sprayed on melt extruded filaments both in the oppositely charged state to take off the resultant filament yarn while applying the dye mists thereto. Thus the aimed fibers are obtained. For a specific example, the filaments 6 melt extruded through a nozzole 1 are negatively charged with an electrostatic charging electrode 2 just under the nozzle 1 and cooled in a quenching chamber 5, and dye mists produced from a mist producer 4 are positively charged at the same time with an electrostatic charging electrode 3 and applied preferably to the filaments 6 to give the aimed filament yarn 9.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing colored fibers, and specifically provides a method for obtaining colored fibers with excellent durability by applying dye mist to melt-spun yarn. It is.

Various methods have been known to obtain colored yarns, but the most common is so-called spun-dyed yarns in which coloring components such as pigments and dyes are incorporated during melt spinning. However, this method does not contaminate the spinning equipment, or even the polymerization equipment in some cases, with colorants, requires a lot of cost and effort to clean the equipment, ensure uniform mixing of pigments, etc., and produces a large amount of yarn of the same color. There are few advantages except when producing.

Another known method for obtaining colored yarn is so-called "yarn dyeing," in which the yarn is wound back into the shape of a cheese, skein, etc., and then dyed in batches, but this method increases the dyeing cost; Disadvantages include the tendency to cause staining spots on the inside and outside of the cheese, and the process and operations are complicated.

The present invention overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art and provides an entirely new method for producing colored polyester yarns continuously at low cost even in relatively small lot sizes.

That is, in the present invention, when performing melt spinning, 4, a dye mist made from a dye solution in the form of a mist with a particle size of 10 μm or less is applied to the yarn spun through a nozzle, so that the mist and the yarn are charged oppositely. The gist of this method is that the dye is sprayed under conditions where the dye is attached to the yarn, and then the yarn is taken off.

As the polymer for spinning in the present invention, any polymer that can be melt-spun can be used. Any dye can be used as long as it has the ability to dye the polymer and can be made into a liquid emulsion or solution.For example, it is common to use disperse dyes for polyester and acid dyes for nylon. However, basic dyes can be used for polyester that has been made basic dyeable, and acidic dyes can be used for polyester that has been made acidic.

The dye liquor used to obtain the dye mist may be a dye liquor containing, in addition to the dye, a dispersant and a dyeing aid for converting the dye into a dye liquor. However, if the dye mist is considered to be a cooling medium and a method is adopted in which the dye mist is sprayed together with a gas onto the yarn discharged in a molten state, it is desirable to select components with good heat resistance. However, if there is a large amount of components lacking in heat resistance, the strength of the yarn will be significantly reduced and the yarn may be impractical, which is not preferable.

The particle size of the dye mist must be 10 μm or less. If the particle size is too large, surface roughness will occur when spraying onto molten yarn, which is not preferable.

Furthermore, if large dye particles adhere to the yarn, they will not be sufficiently diffused into the yarn, making it more likely that uneven dyeing will occur. The preferred mist diameter is 5 μm or less, more preferably 1 μm or less.

The particle diameter (I) of the dye mist may be adjusted by adjusting the aperture of the spray nozzle, the spray speed, the spray angle, etc., and its measurement is carried out by the following method. That is, a petri dish with a silicone liquid film formed thereon was placed on the dye mist jetting part, the liquid film caught the dye mist for 0.2 seconds, and a mist particle image was immediately photographed using a Nippon Kogaku profile projector. 500 particles were randomly selected from the photograph (magnification: 100 times) and their particle sizes were measured, and the average particle size of the 10 particles with the largest particle size was calculated as (D).

As a spray capable of spraying such a dye mist, a known spray such as an atomizer or a nebulizer can be used.

The dye mist is sprayed by a one-way method in which the cooling medium is sprayed from one side, or by a circular one-way method in which the cooling medium is sprayed from the periphery inward, but in any case, it is used in conjunction with a known chamber such as a quench chamber used in each method. Supplying dye mist to this chamber,
A method can be adopted in which the material is applied to the yarn discharged in a molten state along with a gas flow. At this time, it is necessary that the ejected thread and the dye mist be charged in opposite directions.

If they are not oppositely charged, the applied dye mist will not sufficiently adhere to the yarn surface. If the yarn is not electrically charged, it is preferable to apply a high voltage to the nozzle or directly below the nozzle to apply static electricity to the yarn. On the other hand, the dye mist can be applied more efficiently to the dye mist by applying an electrostatic charge opposite to that of the yarn. To apply static electricity, a high voltage application electrode is installed at the dye mist passage point in the chamber, and the mist particles are charged by ions generated by the electrode. As the static electricity applying device, a commercially available device can be used. It is necessary to install the electrode as close to the yarn as possible to the extent that safety can be ensured. By this method, both the multifilament and the mist can be electrostatically charged.

When the dye mist is sprayed onto the yarn in this manner, the dye mist adheres to the yarn efficiently and uniformly, and especially when the temperature of the yarn is high, the dye diffuses from the surface into the inside of the yarn. The larger the difference in charging voltage between the yarn and the dye mist, the more uniformly the dye mist will adhere to the yarn, so it is preferable to make the difference in static electricity charging voltage as large as possible. In carrying out the method of the present invention, it is preferable to apply dye mist to the discharged yarn while it is being cooled by a cooling medium, but after the yarn is cooled and solidified, there is a zone similar to the above or a special zone where only dye mist is sprayed. It is also possible to set up and give it, and then take it back. In this case, it is preferable to increase the electrostatic charging voltage of the yarn and dye mist.

In the method of the present invention, the yarn may be wound up immediately after the dye mist is deposited, or the undrawn yarn obtained by shaking off the excess adhering mist may be heat-treated and then stretched or stretched and then wound up. The heat treatment has the effect of diffusing the dye attached to the surface of the yarn into the interior of the yarn, thereby improving the durability of the yarn. In particular, it is preferable to heat-treat the undrawn yarn to diffuse the dye into the yarn. On the other hand, it is also possible to adopt a method in which the material is passed through a heating zone for heat treatment before being wound up, and the resultant material is then stretched, or a method in which the material is subsequently stretched without being wound up and then wound up. Furthermore, in the present invention, it is possible to carry out heat treatment at the same time as spinning and then draw, or it is possible to carry out the drawing heat treatment continuously, which is efficient. Special K High-speed TJ yarn can be used with one type of Hatrow frameless spindle, which significantly improves productivity.

If this method is adopted, even dyes with large molecular weights can be diffused into the yarn, resulting in products with particularly excellent fastness.

The present invention will be explained in more detail below using the drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which a yarn discharged from a nozzle 1 in a molten state is charged to e by an electrode 2 that applies static electricity to the yarn, and then is charged to e in a quench chamber 5. cooled down. At the same time, the dye mist of fine particles generated by the mist generator 4 passes through the application electrode 3 and is charged to ■, reaches the yarn 6, electrostatically adheres to the surface of the yarn, and then diffuses inside.

Next, the undrawn filaments 6 that have been thinned are introduced into a heating tank 7, where they are heated and drawn at the same time, and then taken off by a take-off roller 8 to become colored fibers 9. In this method, the take-up speed is preferably 3000 m/min or more. If the drawing speed is less than 3000 m/min or if the residual elongation is too thick due to mechanical properties, it is preferable to draw the colored fibers 9 again. Take-up roller 8
may be used as a heating roller.

When the fibers obtained in this way are to be provided as a staple, they may be crimped and then cut into a desired length and heat treated, or the fibers may be cut after heat treatment and then supplied, if necessary, and when provided as filaments. It may be supplied as is or after further processing.

The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples below.

Example 1 Polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.63 was
0 per single hole with an orifice diameter of 0.23 mm at 5℃
．． It was discharged at a discharge rate of 6 g/min. A voltage of 50 KV was applied to this discharged yarn directly below the nozzle, and while cooling it with air at 20°C at a wind speed of 3 sm/sec,
Bayer 5% + Disper TL:ig/l/! l)
The aqueous solution was ejected with a nebulizer at a pressure of 2.5 kg/cm2 to form mist particles and supplied into the quench, and a voltage of 50 KV was applied within the quench to cause the dye mist to adhere to the yarn. Then, at a point 2m below the nozzle, a cylindrical heater with a length of 100cm (ambient air temperature 31
0° C.) and taken off at a speed of 4000 m/min to obtain colored fibers.

The mist particle diameter (D) supplied into the Naori punch is 1.2
It was μm. Table 1 shows the results of evaluation of the dyed state, light resistance, and abrasion fastness of the obtained colored fibers. For comparison, ordinary polyethylene terephthalate fiber [Resolin Red FB (0.2% owf) + Disper T]
Table 1 also shows the performance test results of dyeing for 60 minutes in boiling water containing L (1 g/l), bath ratio 1/100). The evaluation method was as follows.

Determination of dyeing state The obtained yarn was knitted into a tube, and after adding 2 g/l of commercially available laundry soap and washing in boiling water for 10 minutes, the hue was determined with the naked eye.

Lightfastness After reduction washing according to a conventional method, the dyed material was irradiated with a fade-o-meter for 40 hours to photobleach the color according to JIS-L-0842, and the color fastness was expressed as a blue scale standard fastness (grade).

Rubbing fastness: Using a crockmeter type friction tester, the test cloth was rubbed back and forth 10 times in 10 seconds with a ruber made of white cotton cloth, and the coloring was determined based on the degree of coloring of the white cotton cloth.

[1st grade (heavily colored) to 5th grade (no coloring)] Table 1

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a spinning apparatus for carrying out the present invention. 1... Nozzle 2, 3... Static electricity applying electrode 4...
Mist generator 5... Quench chamber 6... Yarn 7... Heating tank Applicant Toyobo Co., Ltd. Figure 1 Procedural amendment (method) 1. Indication of the case 1983 Patent Application No. 193304 2 , Name of the invention Process for producing colored fibers 3, Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant 2-2-8 Dojimahama, Kita-ku, Osaka (316) Toyobo Co., Ltd. Representative: Chatani Doji Department 4, Agent Person Shinro Building, 2-3-7 Dojima, Kita-ku, Osaka 530 January 31, 1980 (shipping date) 6. Full text of the specification to be amended 7. Contents of the amendment

Claims (1)

[Claims] ■ When producing colored fibers by spraying dye mist onto melt-spun yarn, the dye mist in the form of a mist with a particle size of 10 μm or less and the yarn are oppositely charged. A method for producing colored fibers, characterized in that the dye mist is sprayed and the dye particles are attached to the threads while being taken off. (2) The method for producing colored fibers according to claim 1, wherein static electricity is applied so that the yarn and the dye mist are oppositely charged. (2) A method for producing colored fibers according to claim 1 or 2, which comprises applying heat treatment after adhering the dye mist. (2) A method for producing colored fibers according to claim 1, 2, or 3, in which the yarn is stretched or subjected to a stretching heat treatment.