JPS6076315A - Composite nozzle uniting and guiding at least two fluid reaction component for manufacturing fluid reaction mixture reacting so as to form plastic, particularly, foam plastic - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Previous application P333/g'lθ. The German Patent No. 10 (Federal Republic of Germany) relates to a composite nozzle for guiding the merging of at least two flowable reactive components for producing plastics, in particular foam plastics, for the purpose of mixing and initiating a reaction. a casing; a component supply conduit guided into the casing; a casing bore arranged in the casing and having a coaxial outflow passage at its end face; a nozzle needle coaxially guided in the needle sleeve; a nozzle needle arranged between the surrounding wall of the casing bore and the needle sleeve and between the needle sleeve and the nozzle needle for supplying one component in each case; and an inner chamber to which the conduit is connected, in which case, in the closed state of the nozzle, the nozzle needle cooperates with the needle sleeve, and the outer end surface of the needle sleeve cooperates with the inner end surface of the casing bore. When the nozzle is open, the coaxial nozzle opening of the needle sleeve is released from the nozzle needle, and the outer end surface of the needle sleeve and the inner end surface of the casing hole are connected to each other. A nozzle opening is formed therebetween, and the nozzle needle has a coaxial pin, the cross-sectional shape and dimensions of the bottle being such that the cross-sectional shape and dimensions of the nozzle opening of the needle sleeve and the outresotho passage Matched in shape and size, in the closed state the outlet channel is filled through this bottle up to the shear outlet, and the nozzle needle as well as the other end of the needle sleeve are assigned a force control device.

In such a type of compound nozzle, one component is supplied through a central opening and the other component is supplied through a concentric annular gap.

Since components under pressure act in each case around the closed ring-shaped nozzle gap, the sealing surface provided for the sealing seat must be extremely precise in order to prevent leakage in the closed state. It must be processed.

Even if the needle sleeve is deformed even slightly, the sealing surface will warp and the sealing properties of the seal seat will be impaired. A further disadvantage of this embodiment is that a separate needle sleeve must be provided for each additional component beyond the two reaction components.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to improve the composite nozzle of the type mentioned at the beginning to prevent leakage caused by deformation of the sealing surface, and to prevent leakage from occurring when three or more components are supplied separately. Another objective is to ensure that only a single needle sleeve is required or to be able to reduce the number of needle sleeves required.

To solve this problem, a composite nozzle according to the invention has been proposed, which guides the merging of at least two fluid reaction components to produce a fluid reaction mixture that reacts to produce a plastic, in particular a foam plastic. a nozzle casing; being confined by a sealing surface located within the nozzle casing and itself tapering towards the axial outlet passage, while within the closure cover; a guide hole which is closed by the insert provided: a nozzle needle which is guided in the axial bore of the insert and has a bottle which fills the outlet passage in the closed position and which is at the same time force controllable; and; a needle sleeve slidably guided in the area between the insert and the sealing surface; and an inner chamber provided in the needle sleeve and penetrated by the nozzle needle; the inner chamber is connected to the component supply conduit and has a base extending toward the needle sleeve outlet passageway and having an opening aligned with the outlet passageway; The outer surface of the part is formed as a sealing surface and at the same time forms a sealing seat in cooperation with the sealing surface of the casing bore in the closed state, and a supply conduit for at least one further flowable component is provided. The opening of the supply conduit is arranged within the area of the sealing surface of the housing bore and is closed in the closed position by the sealing surface of the needle sleeve.

In such a compound nozzle, the risk of leakage is at least considerably reduced, since in the closed position the component pressure does not act around the sealing seat, but only in the area of the opening.

Since their openings are relatively small, leakage will not occur unless the sealing surfaces are significantly deformed.

In a mixing device already proposed by the European patent application (Publication No. 0090.237), the component supply conduit opens into the gap formed between the casing and the insert (hollow piston). In this case, the ejection piston is passed through the center of the insert.

The insert itself undergoes a rotational movement. Therefore, the gap is
It functions as a shear gap to form a mixing chamber. The mixing of the reaction components in such gaps already poses cleaning problems in itself.

In contrast, in the composite nozzle according to the invention only one reaction component is introduced into the gap, so that the mixing process takes place outside the gap. No problems arise if further components which do not react with the first-mentioned components and which do not react with each other can also be introduced into this gap.

According to one embodiment of the invention, a plurality of openings are assigned to the supply conduit. These openings are advantageously evenly distributed around the central axis of the compound nozzle.

According to a first embodiment of the invention, the opening or openings are radially oriented.

According to this measure, each radially supplied component, depending on its inherent energy, is either injected into the centrally flowing component or surrounded by it.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the opening or openings are oriented tangentially. With this measure, the central component stream is surrounded, and the boundary layer located between the two component streams is advantageously brought into relative motion.

Furthermore, it is also possible for the opening or openings to occupy intermediate positions between radial and tangential directions.

The strength of the induced effect depends on whether the radial or tangential component of the orientation is predominant.

Further flow effects can be obtained if the openings are oriented obliquely rather than perpendicularly to the central axis.

Depending on the respective physical properties of each component, these different embodiments can be utilized by first determining the appropriate life direction of the feed conduit opening by experiment and then by practical use. I can do it.

According to a particular embodiment of the invention, a supply conduit for the additional component is provided, the opening of which is in the guide hole of the nozzle needle, the nozzle needle having a step. This step is used as a control lip by freeing the opening from the step in the open position of the nozzle needle and sealing the opening by the larger diameter shaft section in the closed position.

By taking such measures, it is possible to add at least one additional component to the main component guided through the medium heat section, which is particularly advantageous under certain conditions. .

In this case, the composite nozzle is provided with an alternative embodiment: in the first embodiment the guide hole for the nozzle needle is arranged in the insert, whereas in the second embodiment the guide hole for the nozzle needle is arranged in the insert. In this case, a guide hole is provided in the needle sleeve.

In either embodiment, the additional component feed stream is released or interrupted by a step in the nozzle needle. In this case, it is clear that each supply conduit of the plurality of additional component reservoirs is arranged in the same manner, and it is advantageous if their respective openings are arranged at equal mutual spacing.

Furthermore, it is also possible to assign several openings to one supply conduit.

The principal component of the plurality of principal components that is matched with the additional component is guided through an interior chamber within the needle sleeve. This is because a mixture of the main component and the additional component remains in this interior chamber after each working cycle.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, a compound nozzle is combined with a forming tool via a stop guide and a corresponding connecting element.

The advantage of this embodiment is that the compound nozzle, which is otherwise stationary, can be brought into abutment against a forming tool that is moved periodically along it, for example on a turntable. . In this case, it is advantageous if a control device known per se is provided, which control device acts as a contact guide for starting the mixing process only when the forming tool is closed and the composite nozzle is seated. , for example a sliding guide is used, and the abutment operation itself can be carried out, for example, by an associated hydraulic drive.

In this embodiment, a stabilization chamber is provided in the surrounding wall of the molding tool in front of the mold cavity, and the inlet opening of the stabilization chamber is located at the connection position of the compound nozzle, and the stability chamber is located in front of the mold cavity. It is advantageous if the opening is adapted to be closed by a closing slide which is fitted into the housing of the forming tool.

If such measures are taken, the outlet opening of the compound nozzle will be sealed when the compound nozzle is connected to the forming tool. The closing slide can be configured as an opening/closing slide. However, this closing slide can also open against the initial stress under the pressure generated under the mixture and can also be designed as an ejector for the residual mixture reacted in the stability chamber. Furthermore, the closing slide can be designed to serve, for example, as a stability chamber or as a guide.

The stroke of the closing slide can be adjusted, for example, by means of an adjustable stop. It is advantageous if the axis of the closing slide is aligned with the axis of the compound nozzle, but it may also have any other orientation, in particular an arrangement in which these two axes are at right angles to each other. It is possible.

The closing slide can be operated hydraulically or mechanically and is preferably automatically controllable.

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings: In the figure a composite nozzle according to the invention is shown as an embodiment for a concave component, and a forming tool shown schematically in section. It is combined with Nozzle casing/Guide hole inside! ~! ' is placed. This guide hole! 〜2′
is restricted by a sealing face g converging towards the axial outlet passage 3, while it is closed off by an insert j located in the closing cover g. A guide hole B for the nozzle needle 7 is provided in the insert j. This guide hole B has at its rear end a stock that can be subjected to an alternating load and is guided in the cylinder chamber g.
and pistonta are forced control devices 10 for nozzle needles 7.
It consists of two parts. At the front end, the nozzle needle 7 has a single pin //
completely fills the outlet passage 3 in the closed state and thus also serves as a cleaning tool to remove any mixture remaining in the 1/foot passage 3. A slidable needle sleeve /2 is provided between the sealing face and the insert. The rear end of this sleeve is configured as an alternatingly loadable piston /4' guided in a hydraulic cylinder /3, the cylinder /3 and the piston /g being connected to a forced control device /j. It is an image component.

The front end of the needle sleeve /, 2 has a base /2, the outer surface of which is configured as a sealing face /7, which in the closed position cooperates with the sealing face to form a sealing seat /. do. This base part has an axial opening adapted to the outlet passageway 3. The stroke of the needle sleeve 7.2 and thus both seal faces.

The gap width between 77 is adjustable by means of an axially slidable insert j. To adjust the stroke of the nozzle needle 7, an adjusting screw 20 mounted in the insert S is used. Inside the needle sleeve 7.2 there is a supply conduit for the reservoir of component A, l! An internal chamber 2.2 is provided which is connected to /, and in the open position of the nozzle needle 7 component A flows into this internal chamber, ? It flows out from the opening /9. The supply conduits of components B and D, 23 and 2'l, respectively, have openings 2 and 2 through the sealing faces and are diagonally opposite from each other. The supply conduit 27 of the reservoir of component C passes through the closing cover bag ♂ and the insert j to the end of the insert facing the interior chamber -2,2. However, the opening 2g of this supply conduit 27 faces into the guide hole 4 of the reservoir of the nozzle needle 7. The nozzle needle 7 has a step 29 in which the edge of the larger diameter shaft section 30 acts as a control edge.
In the open position, the opening -2g of the supply conduit 27 is released and the component C enters the inner chamber 2 via the annular gap 32 formed between the guide hole B and the small diameter shaft section 3/. Component A flows into the component A and is arranged so that it first joins component A. This additional component C then reaches into the opening/liner together with component A and is passed further into the outlet passage 3 where it is combined with components B and C. When the nozzle needle 7 is closed, the step 2 moves onto the opening 2g and the shaft section 30 with a larger diameter closes this opening nog.

This composite nozzle is combined with a forming tool 33.

The molding tool 33 has two mold halves 3≠.

3j, forming a mold hollow chamber 3o.

The mold half 3g on the side of the compound nozzle has a centering notch 37 that fits into the centering addition 3g of the compound nozzle. While this forming tool 33 is fixed in position, the compound nozzle has a contact guide 3 schematically shown, ≠0
The molding tool 33 is movable inside the molding tool 33 . The centering addition portion 3g and the centering notch 37 have matching surfaces 'AI, '12 that match in the closed state. A stable chamber 4t3 extending in the axial direction toward the centering notch 37 is provided in the other mold half 3j.

This stability chamber t3 is equipped with a closing slider +p to which a hydraulic drive device ≠ ≠ ≠ and an adjustable stop/f44 are assigned.
It is also used as a guide for In this embodiment, the closing slider ++ has only an opening/closing function, but it can also be used as an ejector for removing the residual mixture hardening in the stabilization chamber 3. This stability chamber tl-3 is completely filled by the closing slider gas when the compound nozzle occupies a detached position (not shown) at the earliest until it abuts the forming tool 33, in which position the nozzle process is started. The outlet opening 3 of the compound nozzle is sealed until the In the abutment position of the compound nozzle, the outlet opening 3 and the inlet opening ≠7 of the stable chamber ≠3 are directly adjacent to each other and lie in the same axis.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows the compound nozzle according to the invention in its open position, and FIG. 2 shows its closed position. /... Nozzle casing 1.2,. 2'... Guide hole, 3... Outlet passage, g, /7... Seal surface, j... Insert, 7... Nozzle needle, g...
・Cylinder chamber, ri. /≠...Piston, 10. /3...forced control device,
//... bottle, /, 2... needle sleeve, /3
...Hydraulic cylinder, /B...Base, /,! i'・
... Seal seat, /ri, noj,! B, -2f...opening, θ...adjustment screw 1, 2/, 23.24', 2
7... Supply conduit! ! ...Inner chamber 1.2...Step part, 30, 3/...Shaft section 13 hole...Ring-shaped gap, 33...Forming tool, 341-13j...Mold half body , 3t... type hollow chamber, 37... centered notch,
3g... Centering addition part, 3ri, /lto... Contact guide, 4'/, 44J... Matching surface, l13... Stability chamber,
vp...Closing slider, ≠j...Drive device, 1l-
4...Stopper, ≠7...Inlet opening. Agent's name: Kawahara 1) - Ho

Claims (9)

[Claims] (1) A composite nozzle for guiding the merging of at least two flowable reaction components for producing a flowable reaction mixture reacting to produce a plastic, particularly a foam plastic, comprising: a nozzle casing (1); The closing cover (p, y) a guide hole (2 to 2') closed by an insert (J-) provided in the insert (J-);
) is guided in the axial bore (A) of the nozzle needle (7) and has a bottle (//) which fills the outleft passage (3) in the closed position and is at the same time forcibly controllable (10). ) and; a needle sleeve (/,
2) and; an inner chamber (/) provided inside this needle sleeve (/2) and penetrated by the nozzle needle (7);
)2), in this case, the inner chamber (22)
is connected to the component supply conduit (21), the needle sleeve (7)) extends towards the outleft passage (3) and has an opening (/) aligned with the outleft passage (3).
The outer surface of this base part (/B) is formed as a sealing surface (/7), and at the same time, the casing hole (1) is formed in the closed state. ) forms a sealing seat (/♂), and is provided with a supply conduit (,23,?4()) for at least one other flowable component reservoir. The opening (2j, 21.) of this supply conduit is arranged within the sealing surface (ri) of the casing bore (ri) and, in the closed position, the sealing surface (/7) of the needle sleeve (/J). Composite nozzle closed by. (2) A patented joint nozzle characterized in that a plurality of openings (, 23;, 2 O, 2 f) are assigned to the supply conduit (, 23, 2≠, 27). (3) Composite nozzle according to claim 7 or 2, characterized in that the openings (2J, 2G) are evenly distributed around the central axis. (4) According to any one of claims 7 to 3, characterized in that the single or plural openings (2, 2, 1S') are oriented in the radial direction. Composite nozzle. (5) Single or multiple openings (j5,,!Otsu,2g)
Composite nozzle according to any one of claims 7 to 3, characterized in that the nozzles are oriented in a tangential direction. (6) Single or multiple openings (,,2o,,!Otsu,.
2K) occupies an intermediate position between the radial direction and the tangential direction.
A compound nozzle as described in any one of the following paragraphs. (7) Feed lines for additional ingredients! (-2 7) is provided, and its opening (2g) is placed in the guide hole (B) of the nozzle needle (7), and the nozzle needle (7) has a stepped portion (29). Shioshi, this step part (,2
The nozzle needle (7) is used as a control edge.
In the open position of the opening C. 2g) from the step (2g), and in the closed position the larger diameter shaft section (30g) is released from the step (2g).
) The composite nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the composite nozzle is configured to be sealed with the bottom opening portion (2g). (8) According to any one of claims 7 to 7, characterized in that the guide hole (g) of the reservoir of the nozzle needle (7) is arranged in the insert (j). Composite nozzle as described. (9) Any one of claims 7 to 1, characterized in that the guide hole (B) for the reservoir of the nozzle needle (7) is disposed within the needle sleeve (7.2). Composite nozzle as described in section. 01 The forming tool (
33) The composite nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the composite nozzle is combined with 33). 01) A mold hollow chamber (311) is provided within the surrounding wall of the molding tool (33).
) is provided, and the inlet opening (≠7) of the stability chamber (g3) is aligned with the nozzle's out-resoto passage (3) at the connection position of the compound nozzle. 71. Composite nozzle according to claim 70, characterized in that it can be closed by means of a closing slide (≠) guided in a stabilizing chamber (3).