JPS6071384A - Shock absorber for car, particularly, motorcycle - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The invention relates to a shock absorbing device for vehicles, in particular motorbikes, which are movable in the axial direction in a telescopic manner and are guided in a way that is sealed internally and externally to each other. The present invention relates to a device of the type comprising an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder containing a buffer liquid and a gas, and defining an inner chamber, and in which at least one spring is disposed within the inner chamber.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In front suspension systems for motorcycles, a control piston closes the throttle opening between the working chambers of a telescopic shock absorber during the braking process in order to prevent the front fork from sinking during the front braking process. It is known from German Patent Application No. 5145950. In order to make it possible to dampen the front forks during braking operations, a flow channel with a check valve is formed in the closed connection piece of the telescopic shock absorber. Due to the further flow channel, strong shocks during braking processes are damped by the front wheel fork. Due to this, such a configuration will only result in a change in the buffering force.

Due to the change in splash characteristics, a patent issued by the Federal Republic of Germany I
It is known from Publication No. 31 431'26 that a vehicle spring designed as a gas spring is equipped with a device for changing the spring capacity. The additional spring capacity provided by the vehicle spring is controlled by a pressure switching member operated in relation to the brake pressure. In this known construction, an additional spring chamber is connected to the spring chamber of the shock absorber by a suitable connecting conduit, and the pressure in the spring chamber is maintained at a predetermined level. J: Very high construction costs are required, for example because multiple devices are required to compensate for temperature dependence.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the invention to provide a damping device with a simple construction in which the repulsion is varied as a function of a control value.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the first means is that a partition member that is movable in the axial direction within the range of filling the buffer liquid is disposed in the inner cylinder that is guided in the outer cylinder. The partition member divides the inner room into two working chambers, and both working chambers are
are connected to each other via flow passages arranged in the partition element and/or cooperating with the partition element, and furthermore the partition elements are connected to one another via flow passages arranged in the partition element and/or cooperating with the partition element, and furthermore the partition elements are connected to each other by means of flow passages arranged in the partition element and/or cooperating with the partition element; did.

In order to significantly eliminate sinking of the telescopic fork during the braking process, for example in motorcycles, in a preferred embodiment a solenoid valve is arranged in the partition element,
This solenoid valve is controlled by means of a pressure switching material depending on the load, for example, brake fluid pressure [, Jl]. Similarly, changes in spring characteristics can be made when the vehicle is loaded with heavy loads. This can be done by means of an optionally actuated switching element before loading.

An alternative embodiment with an inner cylinder projecting downwardly from the outer cylinder and in which the partition member is spring-loaded on both sides is such that the partition member is hydraulically blocked by closing the flow passage. In this case, only the upper spring acts for tightening and the spring volume increases depending on Rvc. By this an almost arbitrary hardening of austerity is achieved.

This is because the spring is configured to be partitioned by the partition member at any location within the buffer liquid. . Similarly, you can use springs of various hardnesses.

On the other hand, if the shock absorber is configured so that the bottom of the outer cylinder faces downward, when the flow passage in the partition member is closed, During compression, the liquid is displaced by the submerged inner cylinder, which causes the partition member to move upward towards the spring. In this case, the spring has a spring distance I+f that is greater than the entry distance.

In a further embodiment of the invention, a partition wall is arranged which is immovably connected to the outer cylinder and has a damping device, which partition wall cooperates with the partition element via an elastic stop. work Especially in the case of the outer cylinder going downwards,
When the inner cylinder enters the outer cylinder, the amount of liquid displaced lrL is displaced into the chamber between the partition wall and the partition member, and this causes the partition member in the inner cylinder to move upward. The spoon, and therefore also the spring in this case, has a spring distance 1111 that is larger than the entry roughing.

In the case of this J nib configuration, the initial spring force of the additional spring can be obtained with this J nib type.

FIRST EMBODIMENT The damping device according to FIG. 1 consists of a downwardly projecting inner cylinder 1, which is closed by an inner cylinder bottom 2,
Furthermore, it has an outer cylinder bottom 4, which is guided inside the outer cylinder 3 and is sealed.

The inner cylinder 1 and the outer cylinder 3 form an inner chamber filled with a buffer liquid and gas, and a partition member 9 is disposed within the range of the buffer liquid. The chamber is divided into two working chambers 5, 6 and is further loaded on one side by a spring 7 and on the other side by a further spring 8.

In the area of the partitioning element 9, an axially limited detour groove 10 is formed in the inner cylinder 1, with which the two working chambers 5, 6 are connected.

Depending on the size of the cross section of the detour groove 10, the distance -
A change in the spring characteristics of the shock absorber as a function of speed and distance is achieved. If the cross section of the bypass groove 10 is small and the compression movement is fast, the partition element 9 is damped during this movement against the spring force of the spring 8, so that the spring 7 absorbs most of the compression movement. In this format,
Spring characteristics can be changed. This is because, if the compression movement is very fast, only the spring quantity of the spring 7 is decisive for the spring properties, which means that, for example, if the springs 7 and 8 are of identical design, the spring force will be 7,
This is because the effect is twice that of the case where 8 is a uniform effect. The uniform action of the springs 7, 8 is also ensured when the compressive movement is carried out in a compressive manner or when the detour groove 1
This can also be obtained if the yellow cross section of 0 is selected to be relatively large. In this case, the buffer liquid is transferred from working chamber 6 to working chamber 5.
No interference inside.

flow to. This results in a soft damping within the range in which the detour groove 10 is effective. because,
This is because the total spring mass of both springs 7, 8 acts uniformly and, in the case of identical springs, is only half as thick as the spring mass of one of the springs 7 or 8.

During compression, when the partition member 9 slides over the lower end of the bypass groove 10 and along the inner wall of the inner cylinder 1, the working chamber 6 is hydraulically connected to the working chamber 5 by the partition member 9. will be closed. A further displacement of the partition element 9 is prevented, and as a result only the spring 7 takes part in the compression process beyond the deflection, so that below a predetermined compression distance the spring force increases significantly. The description of the mode of action of the shock absorber in stiffness according to FIG. 1 is made without taking into account the gas filling. This gas filling is not essential for the above-mentioned changes in the spring properties and can act either as an additional gas spring or as a pressure-free compensation chamber in which the gas chamber is connected to the outside air via a ventilation opening. do.

Second Projection Embodiment The shock absorber according to FIG. 2 differs from the shock absorber according to FIG. The mode of action of such an embodiment differs from that of the previously described embodiments in that the partition element 9 carries out a damping movement after the recess 10, so that in this range there is no speed-related effect. The change in spring characteristics that is applied is achieved with respect to the pins 7 and 8.

6th Embodiment In the case of the lower shock absorber shown in FIG. The pin engages with the opening 14 of the partition member 9 after a predetermined pressure and depth law.As long as such a pin 15 opens the 14 openings, the working chamber 5
, 6 guide the liquid. They communicate with each other at X:5.

When the predetermined compression distance is exceeded, the pin 15 closes the opening 14 of the partition member 90, so that no buffer solution flows from the working chamber 5 into the working chamber 6. The partition member 9 is compressed by the displacement of the volume of the inner cylinder 1 that runs into the work chamber.
moves upwards against the force f of the spring 8, so that in this case, in addition to a change in the spring quantity, the additional initial spring force of the spring 8 is changed. This causes a purely distance-related change in the splash characteristics.

Fourth Embodiment A damping device with a similar distance-related change in spring characteristics is shown in FIG.
is formed facing downward, and the pin 15 cooperates with the opening 14 of the partition member 9 after a predetermined entry distance.

The spring tensioning is carried out by the support spring 13 and the springs 7, 8, so that while the opening of the cutting member 9 connects the two working chambers 5.6, the springs 7, 8 are connected to the support spring 13. Collaborate. After a predetermined compression distance, when the opening 14 of the partition element 9 is closed by the pin 15, this causes the partition element 9 to be hydraulically locked and the spring tension to be equal to the spring γ.

13C, please do it only. Spring 8 is this J:
In this state, the desired change in spring properties is achieved since it no longer participates in tightening.

Fourth and Fifth Embodiments The vibration-related changes in the spring properties are shown in the damper according to FIGS. 5 and 6. Both embodiments have the same mounting position in that the outer cylinder 3 is oriented downwardly. In FIG. 5, the working chamber 5 bounded by the inner cylinder 1 and the outer cylinder 3 is defined by the inner cylinder 1vC,r through one hole 16 of small cross section in the partition member 9. It is connected to the working chamber 6 so as to conduct liquid. In contrast to this rL, the embodiment according to FIG. In the case of slow compression, the throttling effect of the hole 16 is very small, so that the spring is effective with the springs 7.8 and 1.1" and a correspondingly soft tension is obtained. RaBro.

If the compression movement is too fast for this n, the amount of spring will increase due to the constriction of the hole 16 (C.
,,ll: spring l-j also increases. This also applies to the embodiment shown in FIG.

1. In a motorcycle, in order to significantly avoid the possibility that the telescope sinks, a shock absorber is placed on each fork beam, as shown in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 7 to 10. . In this case, the partition member 9
is equipped with a solenoid valve 17 which is controlled via a pressure switching element 18 which is loaded with brake fluid pressure. As a result, the hydraulic brake system ensures the closure of the solenoid valve when the brake fluid pressure rises above a predetermined value.

Seventh and Eighth Embodiments The damping device according to FIGS. 7 and 8 has an inner cylinder 1 which is arranged facing downwards and has a working chamber 6 which is limited by the inner cylinder 1. A spring 8 is provided, which spring is supported on the partition member 9. On the other hand, the partition element 9 is loaded by a spring 7 located in the working chamber 5 . The constant voltage regulator 17vC provided in the partition member 9 ensures a relatively soft constriction as long as the passage between the working chambers 5 and 6 remains open. This is because springs 7 and 8 act together. During braking, as soon as a predetermined brake fluid pressure is exceeded, the solenoid valve 17 is operated by the pressure switching member 18 and the flow passage between the working chambers 5 and 6 is closed. Therefore, the partition member 9 in the inner cylinder 1 is hydraulically blocked, thereby ending the action of the spring 8 during compression. As a result of this, the compressive movement is now only taken up by spring 7vC, and spring 7 has a significantly higher spring force than the overall spring force produced by springs 7 and 8. Since the entire spring can be partitioned by the partition member 9 at any point in the liquid region, almost any change in hardness and thus in the spring properties can be obtained. As a result, springs 7 and 8 have different spring strengths. With such an arrangement, in a simple manner, without blocking between the mutually movable shock absorber parts, the desired change in the spring characteristics can be produced during the braking process and sinking of the telescopic fork can be significantly avoided. ,reactor.

The damping device according to FIG. 8 differs from the damping device according to FIG. 7 in the following points. One is that a supporting spring 13 is arranged on the outside of the shock absorber, in other words between the mutually movable parts;
The variation of the spring characteristics of the donkey spring mechanism functions in the same manner as in the embodiment according to FIG.

Ninth Embodiment In the case of the shock absorber according to FIG. 9, when the solenoid valve 17 in the partition member 9 is closed by the pressure switching member 18 during braking, the working space is limited by the inner cylinder 1 and the outer cylinder 3. 5, the buffer liquid cannot flow into the working chamber 6 which is limited by the inner cylinder IK. Due to the compression f exceeding the stiffness, the partition member 9 is moved upward against the force f of the spring 8 due to the volume into which the inner cylinder 1 enters, so that the liquid volume in the working chamber 5 is maintained at the same level. It is from. As a result, not only is the spring 7 no longer tensioned during the braking process, but the spring 8, which is tensioning during the braking process, is at the same time compressed by the partition element 9.

10th Embodiment In the case of the damping device according to FIG. is combined with ″
"When the magnetic valve Ii 17 is opened, the partition member 9 is positioned on the partition wall 19 via the stopper spring 24." A further working chamber 22.23 is shaped inside the working chamber 5, and the working chamber 22 has a %'2. Opening 2 formed at n
1 can be connected to the working chamber 5, and the working chamber 23 can be connected to the working chamber 22 via a buffer valve and to the working chamber 5 via a further buffer valve arranged in the partition wall 19. It is.

When the 'dΣmagnetic J↑17 is closed, the exchange of face pieces between the working chambers 5 and 60 is completed, and in this case, the inner cylinder 1 is replaced with the outer cylinder 3.
By further sinking inward, the partition member 9 moves upwards against the spring 8 and this results in a tightening of the spring 8. Such an embodiment is also suitable for gas pressure damping devices, in which case the partition wall 19 is immediately arranged within the gas chamber. When the flow opening in the partition element 9 is closed, the gas chamber below the partition element 9 is separated from the gas chamber located above the partition element 9 and is therefore arranged above the partition element 9. Only the Netagasu room should take on the austerity effect 7. In the case of a gas shock absorber, the partition of the gas chamber inside the shock absorber is immediately connected to such a partition member 9Vc.
Therefore, it is possible, and of course, in order to effectively separate the gas chamber from the entire gas chamber, although it is located at the lower end of the partition member 9,
Such a partition member 9 is designed to come into contact with a stopper within the inner cylinder 1 or with another component.

ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION The advantage obtained by the present invention is that the partition element is arranged in the inner cylinder so that the spring characteristics can be changed immediately as a function of the control value. The flow cross section cooperating with the partition element can be designed in different ways, so that the control values can be set, for example, the speed of the cylinders movable with respect to each other,
Splash distances, externally actuated switching elements or pressure switching elements are useful. Configuration of the partition member with a hole or buffer valve 7 with a small cross section that is always open in the partition member [
J: So the splash characteristics change in relation to speed. A partition member arranged in the cylinder and having an axially limited detour groove or a pin connected to the inner cylinder engages and opens a control value which acts in relation to the distance. Let it grow. Such a pin is equipped with a length-p node device, by means of which the setting of the distance-related variation of the spring characteristic can be adjusted in a simple manner.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the present invention's shock absorbing device, FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the second embodiment, and FIG.
4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the fourth embodiment, FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the fifth embodiment, FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the sixth embodiment, and FIG. - Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the seventh embodiment, Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of the ninth embodiment, and Fig. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of the tenth embodiment. 1. Inner cylinder, 2. Inner cylinder bottom, 3. Outer cylinder, 4. Outer cylinder bottom, 5, 6. Working chamber, 7, 8. Spring, 9. Partition. Member, 10...Detour groove, 12...Buffer valve, 13
・・Support spring, 14・・Opening, 15・・Pin, 16・
- Hole, 17... Solenoid valve, 18... Pressure switching member, 1
9...Partition wall, 20...Pipe, 21...Opening, 22゜2
3...Working room, 24...Stopper spring (1 other person)

Claims (1)

[Scope of the Claims] A damping device for a vehicle, in particular a motorcycle, which is telescopically movable in the axial direction and guided in a sealed manner inside and outside of each other, and which is filled with a damping liquid and a gas. The inner cylinder is guided in the outer cylinder (3) and consists of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, which limit a suspended inner chamber, and in which at least one spring is arranged in the inner chamber. A partition member (9) that is movable in the axial direction within the range of filling the buffer liquid is disposed inside (1), and the partition member divides the inner chamber into two working chambers (5, 6). , furthermore, both working chambers (5, 6) are arranged within the partition member (9).
, = and/or cooperation with the partition member (9) (IliII'f
They are connected to each other via a filtration channel and further characterized in that the partition element (9) forms an abutment surface for at least one spring (7, 8). Buffer device for. 2. The flow passage is formed by a constantly open hole (16) in the partition element (9), which produces a speed-related throttling effect.
Buffer device as described in section. 3. Claim 1, in which the flow passage is formed by a partition member (9 buffer valves (12) K disposed at each side)
Shock absorber as described in section. 4 In the axial direction! 1rll l I have a grudge and 1 detour miso (1n
) is formed by the inner cylinder (1), and the detour groove forms, together with the partition member (9), a flow passage which acts in connection with rough cutting. Buffer device. 5 The partition member (9) has an opening (14)'r,
In the opening, a tongue pin (15) connected to the inner cylinder (1) engages in relation to the stub 14'.6. 6. The shock absorber according to claim 5, wherein the pin (15) coupled to (1) has a length adjustment device.
17) The shock absorbing device according to claim 1. 8. Pressure switching member (1) for operating the solenoid valve (17)
8) is arranged. The shock absorbing device according to claim 7. 9. The shock absorbing device according to claim 7, wherein a switching member which can be arbitrarily operated is arranged to operate the solenoid valve (17). 10. The partition members (9) each form one contact surface of one spring (7, 8) on both sides, and the springs (7, 8)
2. A damping device according to claim 1, wherein .gamma., 8) are supported on parts which on the other hand move 4.degree. 11. The shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the bottom (2) of the inner cylinder (1) is arranged facing downward. 12. The shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the bottom (4) of the outer cylinder (3) is arranged facing downward. A shock absorbing device according to claim 1, in which a stopper for a 13° partition member (9) is disposed. 14. A shock absorbing device according to claim 16, in which the stopper is formed elastically. Device. 15. Partition wall (19) that is not connected to the outer cylinder (3)
) has one abutment surface of the partition element (9) or a damping element (24) 7 forming an elastic stopper cooperating with the partition element (9). shock absorber.