JPS6071149A - Automatic tool changing device in machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to automatically change objects to be changed, which are different from each other in their attaching positions and directions, between a cutter bed and a storage magazine for tools and chuck pawls, by providing such an arrangement that outer diameter tools, inner diameter tools, chuck pawls, etc. may be changed by only one automatic changing device. CONSTITUTION:In order to change inner diameter tolls between a cutter bed 5 and a storage magazine 6 for tools and chuck pawls, a rod 40 is positioned to a stationary member 27, and an arm 42 is lowered at a position where a gripper 59 on the cutter bed 5 side is rotated so that the gripper 59 grips an inner diameter tool 14. Then the arm 42 is moved upward and turned by 180 deg. to rotate the gripper 59. Then, the arm 42 is again lowered so that the inner diameter tool 14 on the magazine 6 side is clamped between engagement pieces while the gripper 59 is released. Thereafter, the arm 42 is moved again upward. No rotation of the gripper 59 is necessary in order to exchange outer diameter tools 13, and other operations are the same as that of the inner diameter tools. In order to change the chuck pawls 16 the same operation as that of the outer diameter tool is taken, excepting that a shift member is shifted with respect to a stationary member 27.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic changing device in a machine tool.

In order to improve machining accuracy in machine tools, particularly turning machines, chuck jaws are replaced in order to use a plurality of chuck jaws depending on the shape, size, etc. of the workpiece. ° Conventionally, a dedicated magazine or jaw storage was used to store replacement chuck jaws. The present inventor uses a tool magazine that also serves as a chuck jaw magazine, and uses an automatic exchange device to exchange tools and chuck jaws between the magazine and the tool rest, and also exchanges the chuck jaws between the tool rest and the chuck. He created an automatic exchange system for handing over items. However, in the tool post, the various tools are installed in different positions and in different directions depending on the processing needs, and in the tool post, the chuck jaws are installed in different positions and in different directions due to the necessity of being able to transfer to and from the chuck. In order to improve storage efficiency in the magazine, tools and chuck jaws are mounted at different positions.

Therefore, it is difficult to use or apply a conventional automatic tool changer that is capable of gripping tools at both ends and is rotatable and movable in the axial direction as the automatic tool changer of this automatic tool changer system.

Therefore, as described above, there is a need for a device that can be exchanged between a chuck and a tool rest in which various tools and chuck jaws are mounted in different positions and directions.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its purpose is to provide an apparatus for automatically exchanging various items to be replaced, such as tools and chucks, which are installed in different mounting positions and directions.

In order to achieve this object, the present invention includes a first exchange object holder on which a plurality of types of exchange objects are attached, and a second exchange object holder on which these exchange objects are attached in different positions and directions for each exchange object. Between the exchange object holder:! : A device for automatically exchanging the exchange object, wherein when the first and second exchange object holders assume mutual tool exchange positions, the first and second exchange objects are exchanged automatically.
an identification member that maintains a facing positional relationship with respect to the object to be replaced; an arm that pivots and moves in the axial direction around a horizontally movable pivot shaft provided on the fixed member; and a rotatable member at both ends of the arm. The automatic exchange device for a machine tool is characterized in that it has a gripper that is provided and grips an object to be exchanged.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a turning machine tool 1 (7) provided with an example of an automatic changer according to the present invention. On the base 2, there is a chunk 3 at the main @ end, a tailstock 4 that is movable in the axial direction with respect to the chuck 3, and a tailstock 4 that is movable in the axial direction (Z direction) and lateral direction (X direction) with respect to the chuck 3. A turret-type tool rest 5, a tool and chuck jaw storage magazine 6, and an automatic exchange device 7 according to the present invention are provided. Since the automatic exchange device 7 is for exchanging tools and chuck jaws between the tool and chuck jaw storage magazine 6 and the tool rest 5, before giving a detailed explanation of the automatic exchange device 7, ψ1 will be explained below. The structures of the tool and chuck jaw storage magazine 6 and the tool rest 5 will be explained below.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing the turret 5 and automatic changer 7 including a cross section of the magazine 6, and FIGS. 3 to 5 are enlarged plan views of the main parts of FIG. 1.

A board 9 is attached to the base 2 via a bracket 8, and a rotary plate 11 is pivotally supported on the board 9 at an axis . The engaging element 1 is attached to the surface of the rotary plate 11 with one foot.
2 are screwed together.

Each engager 12 is connected to the outer diameter tool 13, the inner diameter tool J4, and the first one of the claw holders 15. Concave grooves 13a and 14 provided in each tail part
a, I5a and each tool 13゜14 and claw holder]
5 to 1 (can be held on plate 9. Tools 13.14
By moving parallel to the axial direction of the magazine 6,
It can be freely fitted into and removed from the engaging element 12. The claw holder 15 has a concave groove 15 provided at its tip end. The chuck claw 16 can be held on the substrate 9 by fitting into the engaging hook 113 a provided on the chuck claw 16 . The chuck claw 16 can be freely fitted into and removed from the claw holder 15 by moving parallel to the lQb direction of the magazine 6. The rotary plate 11 is rotationally driven by a servo motor 19 via a gear device 18 meshing with its teeth 17.
, the desired engager 12 can be indexed to each of the tool and chuck jaw replacement positions 20. In this way, the magazine 6 stores the chuck jaws 16 together with the tools 13, 14, and the jaw holder 15 is used to attach the engager 12 to reduce the pitch. I
4 is attached at a position shifted outward in the radial direction of the magazine 6.

Figure 6 is a rear view of the tool rest 5, Figure 7 is ■-v1 in Figure 6.
It is a 1m cross-sectional view. The tool rest 5 has a turret head 21, and engagers 22 and 23 are attached to the turret head 21 at positions for attaching an outer diameter tool and an inner diameter tool. Concave grooves 13a of outer diameter tool 13 and inner diameter tool]4 are provided in each retainer 22,23.

14a'&, the tool 13.14 can be clamped by the action of the disc springs 24, 25, and can be unclamped by pushing out the engager 22.23 by hydraulic pressure. Further, a pawl holder 26 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is attached to the turret head 21. The claw holder 26 is a retractable bottle 26C that is constantly pushed out by an engagement groove 26a for the engagement hook 16a of the chuck claw 16 and a spring 26b.
has. Therefore, by moving the chuck jaw 16 relative to the jaw holder 26 as shown by the arrow in FIG.
can be attached to the nail holder. The tool rest 5 is moved relative to the chuck 3 while pushing the bottle 26c by the relative pressing force between the Okada tool rest 5 and the automatic exchange device 7 or the relative pressing force between the tool rest 5 and the chuck 3. Alternatively, by moving the automatic changer 7 with respect to the tool rest 5, the chuck jaws 16 can be moved relative to the jaw holder 26 in the opposite direction of the arrow in FIG. 8, and the chuck jaws 16 can be removed from the jaw holder. In the tool rest 5, the outer diameter tool 13 is mounted in the radial direction on the outer periphery of the talent head 21, while the inner diameter tool 14 is mounted at a different radial position from the outer diameter tool 13 on the upper surface of the talent head 2J. The chuck claw 16 is attached in the axial direction of the turret head 21, and the chuck claw 16 is attached in the radial direction of the talent head 21 at a radial position difference different from both the outer diameter tool 13 and the inner diameter tool J4 on the outer periphery of the talent head 21, and in the u1 direction. Therefore, the outer diameter tool 13, the inner diameter tool 14, and the chuck claw 16 are mounted on the talent head 21 at different positions and directions.

The automatic exchange device 7 has a structure for exchanging the outside tool 13, the inside tool 14, and the chuck jaw I6, which are mounted in different positions and directions in the tool and chuck jaw storage magazine 6 and the turret 5 as described above. It has the structure explained below. The ninth prisoner is a vertical cross-sectional view of the automatic exchange device 7,
Figures 10, 11, and 12 are x of Figure 9, respectively.
-X-ray, XI-Ma, X1l-XIlaKG 5
It is a horizontal 11/i plane view. The automatic exchange device 7 has a fixing member 27 fixed to the base 2, and a guide portion 27a provided on the fixing member 27 holds a shift portion 28 movably. A through hole 28a constituting a cylinder is bored in the shift member 28, and covers 29 and 30 are fixed to the shift member 28 at both ends of the through hole 28a, and a piston 31 is built in the through hole 28a. . The piston rod 31a of the piston 31 is connected to one MiJ tt.
The end portion of the load 31a is fixed to the fixing member 27 while slidably penetrating the self-cover 29 in a fluid-tight manner. The kite portion 27 of the fixing member 27 is provided in the oil chambers 28b and 28c formed on both sides of the piston 31 in the through hole 28a.
Hydraulic oil is supplied through oil passages 32 and 33 that pass through long holes 27b and 27c drilled in a and are connected to the shift member 28. Therefore, by selectively supplying hydraulic oil to the oil passages 32 and 33, the shift member 28 is moved laterally by the kite portion 27a of the fixed member 27.

A double rod cylinder 34 is attached to the end of the shift member 28, covers 35 and 36 are fixed to both ends of the cylinder 340, and a piston 37 is housed within the cylinder 34.

37a and 37b are piston rods of the piston 37. Oil chambers 34a and 3 formed on both sides of the piston 370
4bK is supplied with hydraulic oil through oil passages 38 and 39.

A through hole 37c is formed in the piston 37, and a rod 40 is rotatably inserted into the through hole 37c.

An arm 42 is connected to the front end of the rod 40 by a pin 41, and the arm 42 abuts against the end surface of one piston rod 37a of the piston 37, and is attached to a large diameter hole provided near the rear end of the rod 40. The portion 40a is in contact with the stepped portion 37dK of the through hole 37c of the piston 37. Therefore, the movement of the rod 40 relative to the piston 37 is restricted. The cylinder 340 cover 35 has grooves 35a, 35a at two equally spaced positions on the circumference, and the arm 42 engages with the grooves 35a, 35a and extends parallel to the axial direction. The arm 42 has protrusions 42a, 42a, and the arm 42 has cutouts 42b, 42 continuous to the front ends of the protrusions 42a, 42a.
It has b. Therefore, the arm 4 accompanying the operation of the piston 37
2, the arm 42 is at the rising end position (
When the arm 42 is in the rightward position in the ninth position, the arm 42 is allowed to rotate.When the arm 42 is in another position, the arm 42 is restricted from rotating, so that the phase of the arm 42 is maintained.

A stepped through hole 28d constituting a cylinder is bored in the shift member 28, covers 43 and 44 are fixed to the shift member 28 at both ends of the through hole 28cl, and a piston with a rank is installed in the through hole 28d. 45 is built-in. Another piston 46 is fluid-tightly and slidably fitted into the piston rod 45a of the piston 45, and the piston 46 is fitted into the step portion 28 of the through hole 28d of the shift member 28.
It slides within the large diameter portion 25f constituted by e. Through hole 28d
28g of oil chambers formed on both sides of both pistons 45 and 46.

28hK passes through the elongated holes 27d and 27°e formed in the guide portion 27a of the fixing member 27, and is connected to the shift member 2.
Hydraulic oil is supplied through oil passages 47 and 48 connected to 8. The piston 45 has cushion plungers 4 at both ends.
5b, 45C, which are provided on the cover 43.44, and the return oil passages 49.50 are equipped with throttle valves 51, 52. Therefore, by supplying hydraulic oil only to either the oil passage 47 or the oil passage 48, the piston 45
It takes the right end or left end position in the θ diagram and is decelerated at both ends of the stroke, and when oil is supplied to the oil passages 47 and 48, the piston 45 moves to the stepped portion 28el.
1 during the stroke as regulated by the piston 46 in contact with C%
…take a position. The rod 40 has a binion 40 at its rear end.
b is formed, and the pinion 40b engages the piston 45 when the arm 42 is at the first rising end position where rotation is allowed.
It meshes with rank 45d set in . Therefore, in this combined state, the hydraulic oil on the oil passage 48 side is released to the tank side, and the oil passage 48 is released to the tank side.
When hydraulic oil is supplied only to the piston 7, the piston 45 moves through its entire stroke and the arm 42 rotates 180 degrees.

Further, the arm 42 is configured to rotate 90 degrees when the piston 45 takes the middle IUj position.

The arm 42 has through holes 42 forming a cylinder near both ends.
c is bored, and the arm 4 is inserted at both ends of the through hole 42c.
A cover 53.53 is fixed to the through hole 42.
A piston 54 with a rack is built in c. Oil chambers 42d and 42e formed on both sides of the piston 54 in the through hole 42C have an oil passage 55 having a swivel structure.
, 56, hydraulic oil is supplied.

Further, the arm 42 has through holes 42d drilled near both ends.
A pinion 57a is formed on a rotary shaft 157 that is rotatably inserted into the through hole 42d, and the pinion 57a meshes with the rack portion 54a of the piston 54. The rotating shaft 57
A block 58 is fixed to one end of the block 58, and a gripper 59 for gripping the tool 13, 14 and the surfaces 13b, 14b, 16b of the chuck jaw 16 is attached to the eccentric position iIt of the block 58. A bolt 60 is fixed to the first surface of the rotating shaft 57, and the cylinder 34
Several proximity switches 62 are installed via brackets 61. The proximity switch 62 closes the bolt 6o when the arm 42 is in the raised position and the rotating shaft 57 rotates the bolt 6o in a direction toward the proximity switch 62.
Detects 0.

Since the automatic exchange device 7 according to the present invention has the above configuration, in order to exchange the inner tool 14 between the tool post 5 and the tool and chuck jaw storage magazine 6, the procedure shown in FIG. (The rod 40 is positioned relative to the fixed member 27, and the gripper 59 on the turret 5 side is rotated, the arm 42 is moved downward to the position shown in FIG. 9, and the inner diameter tool 14 is gripped by the gripper 59. Then, the arm 42 is moved upward as shown by the arrow in Fig. 9, the arm 42 is rotated 180 degrees, the gripper 59 on the turret 5 side is rotated, and the arm 42 is moved downward again to store the tools and chuck jaws. The inner diameter tool 14 on the magazine 6 side is fitted into the engager 12, and the inner diameter tool 4 on the tool rest 5 side is clamped by the engager 23 (Fig. 7), the gripper 59 is released, and the arm 42 is raised again. If necessary, the arm 42 is rotated 90 degrees to an intermediate position.To replace the outer diameter tool 13, as shown in FIG. Since the mounting position and direction are different from the inner diameter tool 14, there is no need to rotate the gripper 59 on the tool post 5 side.
Other operations are similar to those described above for internal tool 14. To replace the chuck jaws 16, as shown in FIG. It is similar to that.

In this way, the present invention selectively exchanges various replacement objects with different mounting positions and directions between the tool post and the tool and chuck jaw storage magazine or between other replacement object holders using one exchange device. To create an excellent effect of quickly and automatically replacing the items.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a plan view of a turning machine tool equipped with an automatic changer, FIG. 2 is a partially sectional front view of the automatic changer and its vicinity, and FIGS. The figures up to the figure are an enlarged plan view of the main parts of Fig. 1, Fig. 6 is a rear view of the turret,
Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line ■-V... in Fig. 6, Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the pawl holder and chuck pawl provided on the tool post, Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional view of the automatic changer, Fig. 10, Figure 11 Steaming 1st
Figure 2 shows the lines X-X, XI-XI, and Xl in Figure 9, respectively.
This is a cross section taken along the [-Xll line. 1...Turning machine tool 5゛°°°° Cutting tools, tools and chuck jaw storage magazine 7...Automatic exchange device 13...Outer diameter tool] 4...Inner diameter tool 16.
・・Chuck claw 27・・Solid foot shrine 42・・Arm 59・・Grippao 8 figure 14 ・Fang 7 figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] The exchange is performed between a first exchange object holder on which multiple types of exchange objects are attached and a second exchange object holder on which these exchange objects are attached at different positions and directions for each type of exchange object. An apparatus for automatically exchanging objects, wherein the first and second exchange object holders take a fixed positional relationship with respect to the first and second exchange objects when they assume mutual tool exchange positions. An arm that pivots and moves in the axial direction about a pivot shaft provided on the fixed member that is movable laterally, and a gripper that is rotatably provided at both ends of the arm and grips the object to be replaced. An automatic exchange device for a machine tool, characterized in that it has the following.