JPS6069470A - Cold heat accumulator utilizing capsule - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Is the present invention the latent heat of melting of ice? This relates to the cold storage tank used, which can store a large amount of cold energy in a small volume as a cold source for cooling water or as a heat source for a heat pump.

As is well known 5, when a change in phase occurs from ice to water, or from water to ice, heat is transferred at a rate of 80 m/ffl. Compared to the same volume of water, it can retain 80 times more heat intoxication by utilizing its latent heat, which is extremely important. For this purpose, conventionally, the cooling water was frozen on the surface of the cooling pipe, and when it melted, the ice was used to make use of the ice, which was called an ice bank. As the thickness of the ice increases, the conduction of heat to the frozen surface gradually decreases, and the rate of ice formation decreases fundamentally. Also, since the ice formation, melting surface and cooling surface pass through the ice layer, heat conduction is poor (
In order to promote this, it is necessary to increase the temperature gradient between the cooling water and the cooling surface.

When operating a refrigerator at such a low temperature, the J rate becomes a significantly low value. Furthermore, if ice builds up on the surface of the cooling pipes and forms a bridge to the state office, the area of cooling pipes will actually decrease, the heat exchange rate for supplying cold water will decrease, and the ability to follow changes in load will also decrease. In addition, it is difficult to detect the ice layer that grows on the surface of the cooling pipe and to increase the measurement end If.It is difficult to detect the ice layer that grows on the surface of the cooling pipe and to raise the measurement end If.It is difficult to detect the ice layer that grows on the surface of the cooling pipe, and when an operational control malfunction occurs, there is no damage to the cooling pipe or heat storage tank due to excessive cooling. hard.

Another method is to use water droplet capsules for cold storage.
Next, we will discuss concerns about capsule damage caused by the suspension of the mouth of the J41 Tsubokyoku 1 at Sakae Saku, heat exchange between the capsule and cooling water during operation, a record of ice formation inside the capsule, and a cold storage heat tank with respect to the amount of ice formation. Its use had been hindered because it was not clear how the driving control sword ζ protection, etc.

As is well known, utilizing the latent heat during the phase transformation of ice rather than water is essential for cold storage tanks, but at the same time, since the density of ice during phase transformation is 0.917, its specific volume is 1. 0905, and the volume expansion is carried out. The compressive force of ice is extremely large, so when it freezes, ordinary containers are unable to withstand it, and either follow it or break if they cannot.

This is the cause of the bursting accidents that occur due to malfunctions in the control of water coolers for producing chilled water, as mentioned above. Even if the elastic proportional limit of the capsule is larger than the volumetric expansion of ice, if freezing and melting are repeated, melted water will enter the melted area and freeze, eventually decreasing the elasticity of the container. This will exceed the proportional limit and destroy the container.

The present invention has been developed in view of these points and is a cold storage heat tank using a capsule.

It is desirable to use a vacuum bonder to remove not only air bubbles but also air and other gases dissolved in the water that is filled into the capsule.The capsule must be completely filled with such water and then sealed. do.

The capsule can have any shape, even if it is polyhedral.
The shape with the smallest surface area is a spherical capsule, which is the most economical shape in terms of its volume to internal volume ratio. Taking this as an example, the linear expansion of the material of the spherical capsule is equal to or greater than 1.0293.If the material of the capsule is an elastic material with good thermal conductivity, it is equivalent to a metal capsule. However, there is no difference even if the resin does not harden or deteriorate at low temperatures.In the process of repeated freezing and melting, the capsules made in this way will melt into the melted area. It is impossible for water to enter the capsule from elsewhere because ice melts on the entire surface of the capsule and the capsule is filled with water. No matter how many times the capsule is repeated, it cannot expand beyond the volumetric expansion due to phase transformation, so no capsule breakage can occur.

Since the capsule is constructed as described above, it is possible to directly measure the change in volume during the process of freezing and melting, that is, the change in the external diameter of the capsule, but since the capsule is immersed in liquid brine and heat exchange takes place, By calculating the total number of capsules being immersed or the specific gravity of a representative standard capsule to the liquid ply, and further converting it from the specific gravity of liquid brine to water, freezing can be easily detected and measured, and the cold storage tank can be controlled. It is something that can be done.

An example of this capsule specific gravity measuring device is shown in FIG. Second
The figure shows an example of the characteristic curves of ice formation and ice melting, and Fig. 3 shows a system diagram of the control of the cold storage heat tank.

In Figure 1, (1) is a spherical ice detection capsule filled with water Z and sealed, (2) is liquid brine, (3) is a capsule weight balancing spring, (4) is a spring index detection iron core, and (5) is The excitation wire ring (6) is a spherical capsule hydrometer side device using a wire wire. Figure 2 (a) is a curve showing the change in ice formation in the capsule - μ M with respect to the elapsed cooling time fT1 of the liquid brine, and (b) is a curve showing the temperature (1) in the capsule and the cooling progress with respect to (a). This is a change curve for time α), which is an example of actual values measured by the spherical capsule specific gravity measuring device.

(Figure 81 clearly shows the state in which the amount of ice formed inside the capsule (■) increases with respect to the elapsed cooling time (r), and also the state in which the ice melts inside the capsule when cooling water is used.

(b) shows the change in the temperature ftl inside the capsule as the state of (al) progresses. Point (S) shows the supercooling phenomenon of water that occurs inside the capsule during freezing. 3
In the figure, (7) is a spherical float for braai/specific gravity measurement, (
8) is a detection section using a spherical float, (9) is a conductor wire for the brine specific gravity detection section, (10) is a Hitun inspection vehicle 6, and (11) is a detection section using a spherical float.
) is a cold storage heat tank, (12) is an elastic spherical capsule for cold storage heat,
(13) is a cooling device, (14) is a liquid fly cooling pipe, (
15) is an air cooler, and (16) is a liquid brine circulation bo/g.

Next, we will discuss this operation. In the cold storage heat tank (11), an ice detection spherical capsule (1) and a brine/ratio measurement spherical float (7) are immersed in the liquid brine (2), and the floating and sinking of these floats is detected by the detection unit (31, ( 4), (5) and (
8), the output is as shown in the characteristic curve in Figure 2, and it is manually input to the specific gravity detection calculation device (10), and based on the calculation result, ice is formed in the elastic spherical capsule for cold storage heat (12) in the cold storage heat tank (11). The total ice consumption is calculated. The heat storage tank (1) with such a control system is heated by a cooling device (13).
The brine (2) is cooled to below zero degrees through the cooling pipe (14), and the water filled in the elastic spherical capsule (J2) is frozen. While the water is frozen, its temperature remains at zero degrees, and the latent heat is stored in the capsule in a frozen state, and the frozen state is detected by the specific gravity detection device (10). Controls such as starting and stopping the cooling device (13) are performed with the output of 11H. For example, extremely economical operation can be easily achieved by freezing the air cooler (15) in advance based on the required amount of cold storage heat in the air cooler (15) based on an estimate of the next day's weather conditions.

The above has described an example in which the total ice formation t is calculated and detected using a standard capsule that is typical as a spherical capsule for ice formation detection, but it goes without saying that it is possible to detect and measure ice formation intensity using a whole capsule. As described above, the present invention is a cold storage heat device that utilizes the latent heat of water filled in an elastic capsule.
The cold storage heat chamber is extremely large, and even if a capsule is used, there will be no breakage during freezing (the freezing and melting surfaces are the same, and the g1 degree gradient is It can be small, so there is no need to significantly reduce the cooling temperature (,
The operating efficiency of the cooling device is high, and there is no hysteresis in detecting ice formation or melting, so the detection accuracy of ice formation is high (and operation control is easy).

Also, from the point of view of restraint, it is a basic fail-safe type and can be operated safely.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 shows an example of a capsule specific gravity measuring device, Figure 2 shows ice formation,
An example of the ice characteristic curve, Figure 3 is a system diagram of the control of the cold storage heat tank. 1: Ice detection spherical capsule, 2: Liquid brine, 7:
Brine ratio i'li measurement spherical float, 10: Specific gravity detection calculation device, 11: Cold storage heat tank, 12: Elastic spherical capsule for cold storage heat, 13: Cooling device, 14: Liquid brine cooling pipe, 15:
Air cooler, 16: Liquid brine circulation pump

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a cold storage thermal tank that utilizes the latent heat of ice, Tenryu's elastic capsules, which have been deaerated, filled with water, and sealed, are immersed in brine solution, and the total number of capsules or the weighed value of a representative standard capsule is A cold storage heat tank using a capsule, characterized in that operation of the cold storage heat tank is controlled by a calculation output.