JPS6067004A - Automatic chuck jaw changing system for machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform automatic change in an upper jaw at will, by using a clamping mechanism built-in chuck jaw consisting of a lower jaw and the upper jaw clamped by the former. CONSTITUTION:A pair of upper and lower opening concave parts 31b and 31c are formed in an upper jaw setting parts 31a of a lower jaw 31, while an upper jaw holding shaft 31d pierces through the center of these concave parts 31b and 31c free of vertical motion. The concave part 31b side is energized upward by dint of a spring 31e, and a columnar tilt clamping piece 31g is formed at the side of the concave part 31c. In contrast with this, at the upper part of an upper jaw 32, projecting part 32b forming a tilt concave groove 32a correspondent to the clamping piece 31g is projectingly formed in conformity with an inner circumferential form of the concave part 31c of the lower jaw 31, and the clamping piece 31g is relatively slidden in an inclined direction in the state that the clamping piece 31g is made to go down to some extent against the energizing force of the spring 31e whereby engagement or disengagement of the upper jaw 32 to or from the lower jaw 31 takes place. Therefore, automatic change in a chuck is easily performable by using an automatic upper jaw change device alone.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic chuck jaw changing system for a machine tool.

With the advancement of NC and robotization in recent machine tools, the automation of workpiece supply and machining work has progressed, and various studies have been conducted on automatic chuck jaw exchange systems in conjunction with changes in the first crop. There is.

However, all of the conventional ones are machine tools or Zhou September 4kfnWνl? If#l/%I+1mII! II/7
-1rTrt7-1rTrt&system addition, etc., and cannot be immediately applied to machine tools with various specifications that are currently in use.Also, with the adoption of a specific system, certain design changes may be required. This has the disadvantage that it is unavoidable to be subject to the following restrictions.

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention does not require any design changes to machine tools or peripheral equipment, and moreover, it is possible to create a special drive system by simply utilizing the power of peripheral equipment that is currently standard equipment. The purpose is to provide an automatic chuck jaw exchange system that does not require any additions and can be immediately applied to existing machine tools. The upper jaw can be freely replaced automatically by using a chuck jaw with a built-in tightening and holding mechanism consisting of an upper jaw, and by linking the upper jaw automatic exchange tool equipped with an upper jaw attachment/detachment element with the opening/closing operation of the lower jaw. has its characteristics.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Examples of the present invention using unmanned operations using robot hands will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

Whistle 11iV71. ;;; Kago 1/c Senka l soup 1 chicken t
PLλ~1 I18m boat is equipped with equipment for irrigation,
A chuck 3 supported on a headstock 2 to grip the workpiece and rotate at high speed, and a center 5 supported on a tail stock 4 to press and support the workpiece in the direction of the chuck axis are disposed opposite each other on the table 1. Robot hand A that automatically supplies
and a reciprocating tool rest B equipped with multiple types of cutting blades.

As shown in the second and third figures, a plurality of chuck claws 30 are attached to the main body of the chuck 3 so as to be movable in the radial direction.

In the system of the present invention, this chuck jaw 30 is attached to a lower jaw 31 which is directly attached to the body of the chuck 3 using a known method.
The lower jaw 31 has a mutual contact surface 35 (36α, 37b), and the upper jaw 32 is preferably tilted in the direction of the axis of the chuck 3 and is removably tightened and supported, and by replacing the upper jaw 32. Change the chuck jaws to the desired one.

The upper claw 32 is held tightly against the lower claw 31 in the following manner. That is, a pair of upper and lower opening recesses 31b and 31C are formed in the upper claw attachment part 31 (Z) of the lower claw 31, and the upper claw holding shaft 31d passes through the center of both the recesses 31h and 3]1? in a vertically movable manner. The concave portion 3i side of the holding shaft 31d is integrated with an annular boss 31f urged upward by a spring 31e, and the concave portion 31C side has a cylindrical inclined tightening piece 3.
1g is formed. On the other hand, on the upper part of the upper claw 32, a protrusion 32b having an inclined groove 32Q corresponding to the tightening piece 31g is formed to protrude in correspondence with the inner peripheral shape of the recess 3 of the lower claw 31. Then, the tightening piece 31g is slightly lowered against the urging force of the spring 31e, and the tightening piece 31g is lowered.
The upper claw 32 is attached to and removed from the lower claw 31 by sliding the upper claw 32 relative to the lower claw 31 in the inclined direction with the inclined groove 32a parallel to the above, and the protrusion 32b and the recess 31C fitted therein. After the upper claw 32 is attached to the lower claw 31, when the tightening piece 3 is returned upward by the force of the spring 31e, the tightening piece 31. ! 7 protrusion 32b upper end 11
1 is pressed against the inner circumferential wall of the recess 3]C, and is held in a tightened state, thereby preventing relative sliding in the direction of inclination.

In this disaster example, the upper jaw 32 and the lower jaw 31 are in contact with each other in a tilted state toward the chuck axis direction, so when gripping a workpiece, a reaction force is generated in the center direction, and the chuck The centrifugal force generated during high-speed rotation in step 3 is reversely acted on as a centripetal force to prevent the chuck from spreading, thereby making the gripping force of the workpiece more reliable. Upper and lower claws 31 and 32 like this
In addition to the structure shown in Fig. 2, the structure of the mutual contact surfaces between the two parts includes a wave structure (Fig. 4) that allows the angle of inclination to be increased without impairing the strength of the lower claw, and a structure that increases the grasping length of the upper claw while increasing the gripping length of the shaft. A structure in which the vertical contact surface is also inclined to release the directional force (Fig. 5), and a structure in which only a portion is inclined to enhance the mutual locking effect between the upper and lower claws (Fig. 6), etc. can be adopted.

Also, tightening piece 31! y and the concave groove 3 of the upper claw 32 that engages with this
2 The shape of a can be cylindrical or prismatic (Fig. 7).
, a polygonal structure such as a hexagonal columnar structure (FIG. 8) may be adopted.

In the system of the present invention, the upper claw automatic replacement tool 100 for attaching and detaching the upper claw 32 to the lower claw 31 includes ninth and tenth vertical vertical portions 10.
2, and a small-diameter hollow shaft 103 extends concentrically from the rear.

A plurality of pairs of opposing inner wall portions 104α and 104h corresponding to the number of chuck jaws are formed on the inner circumferential portion of the cylindrical body 101, separated by an upper jaw insertion interval, and extend beyond the jψ-shaped upright portion 102 position. It extends forward. This opposing inner wall] 04α・
A guide groove is provided on the medium heating section of the opposing wall surface of 104h to slidably guide the upper claw attachment/detachment element 105, which has a U-shaped flat section, in the direction of the tilting body corresponding to the inclination angle of the contact surfaces of the lower claws 31 and 32. ]06
a and 106b are formed, and the upper claw attachment/detachment element 1105k1
I am wearing it. A pair of ball latches 105h energized by a spring 105α are housed in at least one side of each upper claw attachment/detachment element 105, and are formed on the side surface of the upper claw 32 at l-' (FIG. 11). Notsuchi 3 of everyone who was
41 is configured to engage with 2C.

At the peripheral end of the annular vertical portion 102, a plurality of supporting pieces 107 corresponding to the number of chuck jaws are protruded forward at positions corresponding to the edge of each chuck jaw, and serve as an upper jaw holding shaft. On the other hand, on the base end side, a sloped surface 102α corresponding to the corner sloped surface 31k of the lower lever 31 is formed protrudingly (FIG. 12), and alignment with the chuck claw 30 is achieved by aligning both sloped surfaces. It is configured to be able to do the following.

A plunger 109 is fitted into the inner circumference of the hollow shaft 103 and is capable of sliding back and forth in the direction of the chuck axis.
The plunger 109 is biased rearward by a coil spring 110 interposed between the inner surface of the plunger 03 and the outer circumference of the plunger 109. The tip of the Granger 109 has multiple protrusions】1
] A grate 111 with α protruding on the outer periphery is formed, each protrusion 1 ] 1 aiJ, each upper claw attachment/detachment element 10
5 in a vertically slidable structure. On the other hand, a plunger 1 extending rearward from the cylindrical main body 101
09 is formed with an annular groove 109α for an engager B mounted on a tool rest B, which will be described later, and a conical recess 109h is formed in the center of the rear end surface.

The upper jaw automatic exchanger 100 configured as described above is conveyed and set by the workpiece conveying robot hand A through a V-shape in the same manner as when setting the workpiece to the chuck position. At this time, the chuck 3 is stopped at a predetermined phase, and the upper claw automatic exchange tool 100 is conveyed and set in a phase state corresponding to this. Accurate phase alignment is achieved by the mutual contact between the corner inclined surface 31 of the chuck jaw 30 and the inclined surface 102a of the upper claw automatic exchange tool 100. In this state, when the chuck 3 is slightly operated in the opening direction, the upper jaw holding shaft 31d of each chuck jaw 30 comes into contact with each pressure receiving element 108 of the upper jaw automatic exchanger 100 while being biased in the opening direction. , to hold the upper claw automatic exchange tool 100 in an immovable state. At this time, the upper claw holding shaft 31dlrJ1 is moving downward relative to the lower claw 31, and the protrusion 32h of the upper claw 32 is caused by the tightening piece 31y.
The tightening state has been lifted.

Next, the robot hand A grasps the first circumference of the extended part of the Granger IQ9 and attaches the coil spring 110.
When the plunger ]09 is pushed in the direction of the chuck 3 against the force, the projections 111a on the plates I], 1 cause the upper claw attachment/detachment elements 105 to move between the opposing inner walls 104α and 1046 in the direction of the chuck upper claw 32. Inclined sliding, ball latch 1
05h engages with the notch 32C of the upper claw 32, that is, the lower claw 31
is engaged with the upper claw 32 to hold it. When the robot hand Δ is moved back in this state, each upper claw 32 is retracted into the cylindrical body 101 of each upper claw attachment/detachment element 105, and the engagement with the upper claw holding shaft 31d is released.

Please move the plunger 109 back and forth, robot hand AV.
C, the center 5 is connected to the rear end recess 10 of the plunger 109.
97SK, or the retainer B attached to the turret B is inserted into the annular recess 1 at the rear end of the plunger 109.
09α, the reciprocating motion of the tail stock 4 to the tool rest B may be utilized.

The upper claw automatic exchange tool 100 that has taken the upper claw 32 is attached to the robot hand, and another upper claw automatic exchange tool 100 that has been removed from the chuck 3 position from K and loaded with a new upper claw 32 is attached to each pressure receiver. lo8 and the upper jaw holding shaft 3] cL is reset to the chuck 3 position by the hand l.Next, the chuck 3 is operated in the opening direction in the same manner as above, and then the plunger 1
09 to engage the upper claw 32 with the tightening piece 311, and then move the chuck 3 back in the closing direction, the pressure receiving element 108
The upper claw holding flNh 31d released from the pressure by the inner spring 31e moves upward relative to the lower claw 31, and the upper protrusion 321) of the upper claw 32) is moved to the inner circumferential wall of the recess 31c of the entire lower claw 31. Press it to hold it tightly. After this,
The automatic exchange of the upper jaw 32 is completed by moving the plunger 109 forward and removing the upper jaw automatic exchange tool 00 from the chuck 3 position by the robot hand IVC.

The operations described in detail above can be performed automatically using a computer program or /-can provided in the machine tool, but it is also possible to perform each operation using manual signals.

Similarly, in the above embodiment, in the case of a chuck that grasps a workpiece by moving the chuck jaws 30 in the opening direction, such as a chuck that grasps the workpiece by moving the chuck jaws 30 in the closing direction, The configurations of the upper claw 32 and lower claw 31 described above are set in completely opposite directions. Therefore, in this case, it is necessary to use the upper claw automatic exchange tool 100 in which the arrangement of the pressure receiving element 108 and its supporting piece 107, the claw attachment/detachment elements 1, 05, and their related structures is reversed.

The above explanation is of a structure in which a plurality of chuck jaws 30 are replaced simultaneously by the attachment/detachment movement of the upper jaw 32 to the lower jaw 31 in a direction parallel to or perpendicular to the axis of the chuck 7. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention is not limited to this, but the chuck claw 30 has a structure in which the lower claw 31 and the upper claw 32 are attached and detached by fitting and disengaging movement in a direction along the rotating surface of the chuck 230. Also, multiple chuck jaws 3
It is also an excellent method that is effective even when 0's are exchanged individually and sequentially.

As another embodiment of the same automatic upper claw replacement tool 100, the element for storing the old upper claw 32 and the element for storing the new upper claw 31 are arranged separately and alternately. When the upper claw attachment/detachment element 105 is configured as an upper claw attachment/detachment element 105, the upper claw 32 can be replaced by a single robot hand operation by matching the chuck and phasing the chuck accordingly.

As described above, the automatic chuck jaw changing system according to the present invention utilizes the operation of a robot hand that automatically sets the workpiece, or utilizes the functions of other standard equipment. Alternatively, the chuck jaws can be automatically replaced simply by hand using the upper jaw automatic exchange tool, and can be immediately applied to existing machine tools.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a machine tool to which the system of the present invention is applied, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing a chuck jaw used in the inventive system, Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional side view thereof, and Fig. 4-8
The figure is a schematic view showing a modification thereof, FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the upper jaw automatic exchange tool used in the system of the present invention, FIG. 10 is a schematic longitudinal side view showing the chuck jaw exchange state, and FIG. FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the main part showing the state in which the upper claw is held, and FIG. 12 is a plan view of the main part showing the state in which the upper claw is aligned with the lower claw. A... Robot hand, B... Turret, J... Table, 2... Headstock, 3... Chuck, 4...
Tail stock, 5... Center, 30... Chuck claw, 31... Lower claw, 32... Upper claw, 100... Upper claw automatic replacement tool, 105... Upper claw attachment/detachment element, 108・・・
Pressure sensor, 109...plunger. Patent applicant Kitagawa Iron Works Co., Ltd. No. 20 Figure 3 Day 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 9

Claims (1)

[Claims] In addition to using a chuck jaw with a built-in tightening and holding mechanism consisting of a lower jaw and an upper jaw that is tightly held by the lower jaw, automatic upper jaw replacement is provided in which the workpiece is conveyed through automatic attachment/detachment means, etc., and is equipped with an upper jaw attachment/detachment element. An automatic chuck jaw exchange system for a machine tool, characterized in that an upper jaw is automatically exchanged by using a tool and linking the exchanger with opening/closing operations of the lower jaw.