JPS6064037A - Method of operating actuator in constructional equipment or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to continuously control a speed of an actuator, by allowing an accelerator to be operated at a timing when an oil passage selector valve is substantially selected and the speed of the actuator becomes maximum. CONSTITUTION:When a handle of an operation level 4 of a selector valve 2 is rotated rightwardly or leftwardly, a spool of a selector valve 2 is operated to change over the selector valve 2 and operate a working machine such as a crane. At this time, each distance between a projection 17 of a rod 5 and each of one ends 18a and 19a of links 18 and 19 is set so as to operate an accelerator, and the accelerator starts blowing off at a timing when the selector valve is operated to make a speed of an actuator maximum. When the handle is further, operated from an end position of the spool, it is rotated about a pivot point to move the rod 5. As a result, the projection 17 further pushes the links 18 and 19 to further drive the accelerator and increase the speed of the actuator.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method of operating an actuator in a construction machine or the like.

The applicant previously filed a patent application for this German invention in 1983-1083.
The application was filed as No. 26. The invention of the present application relates to this improvement.

That is, the above invention provides the following: (1) In conventional construction machinery, when operating the actuator of the construction machine, pressure oil from the pump is operated by switching the oil passage switching valve using the operating lever; To increase the speed of the actuator, a separate speed control lever (which is normally configured to drive the accelerator of the engine) is operated. and,
When inching the actuator, the accelerator operation lever is set to the low speed side and the opening of the switching valve spool is adjusted.When the actuator speed is increased by a certain amount, the oil path switching is performed. The accelerator operating lever is operated after the valve has been completely switched. In this way, it is impossible in actual operation to operate the oil passage switching valve operating lever and the accelerator operating lever at the same time, and when operating the accelerator operating lever, the oil passage switching valve operating lever should be It is always in the switched position.

(2) In addition, when operating each actuator at the same time, each operating lever should be operated in conjunction with each other.
In the case of construction machinery where the accelerator operation lever is manual, in order to solve the technical problem that it is extremely difficult to operate the accelerator, we added an accelerator operation function to the oil passage switching valve operation lever. The oil passage switching valve is configured to be capable of switching the oil passage switching valve and the accelerator is operated, and the accelerator is driven after the oil passage switching valve is switched using this operating lever. However, in actual operation, even if the spool has not completely reached the stroke end (the switching end position of the oil passage switching valve), the oil passage switching valve opens from the pump to the tank side before the stroke end. Since the center bypass passage is closed and the oil passage to the actuator side is essentially switched, as the oil passage switching valve is switched, the actuator speed gradually increases, but during the switching of the switching valve, the actuator speed gradually increases. At this position, the speed of the actuator remains constant until the end of the stroke of the spool, after which the accelerator is actuated and the speed of the actuator increases. This characteristic is shown in a graph as shown in FIG. In the figure, A is an area where the speed of the actuator increases due to switching of the spool of the oil passage switching valve, and IBI is an area where the speed of the actuator increases due to driving of the accelerator. M and N are the maximum flow rates to actiac in each region.

As is clear from this figure, the speed of the actuator is constant from the spool stroke (4) at which the oil passage switching valve is substantially switched to the stroke end (7,571JII) (region ), this had the problem of not being able to control the speed of the actuator continuously in terms of the operating feel of the operating lever, making it difficult to use.

Therefore, in the present invention, the accelerator is operated when the oil passage switching valve is substantially switched and the actuator speed reaches its maximum, so that the speed of the actuator can be continuously controlled. . Therefore, it is only necessary to start operating the accelerator at the stroke 4u of the spool, which is the point at which the oil passage switching valve is substantially switched. That is, the operating characteristics in this case are A- in Fig. 2.
This will be line B2. In this case, even if the accelerator starts operating slightly before or after the position of the above-mentioned sgur stroke 4u, continuity in actual sense will not be impaired. In this case, the operating characteristic of the former is a line A'-B3, and that of the latter is a line A-C'-B4.

Embodiments of the method of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 3 shows an overall configuration diagram of a crane 1, which is an example of a construction machine, etc., operated using the method according to the present invention,
2 is a hydraulic pump (not shown) driven by the engine.
This is an oil passage switching valve that switches the pressure oil from the fl to operate each actuator of the crane (for example, the cylinder 3 for raising and lowering the boom). Reference numeral 4 indicates an operating lever for switching the oil passage switching valve, and in this example, it can be operated from either side of the crane.
1, and these are connected by a rod 5.

Although six operating levers 4 are shown in the figure, the bottom two operating levers are conventionally known operating levers that have only the function of simply switching the oil passage switching valve, and are used to operate the present invention. The operating levers used are the four operating levers on the top.

FIG. 4 shows an enlarged detailed view of the operating lever mechanism and the accelerator operating mechanism, and FIG. 5 shows an enlarged detailed view of the operating lever and an explanatory diagram of its operation. In the figure, in order to operate a plurality of actuators, a plurality of oil passage switching valves 2, a control lever 4,
Although rod 5 is shown, the following discussion will refer to a set of operating mechanisms.

In FIG. 5, (c) shows the neutral position of the oil passage switching valve 2. In FIG. First, to explain the configuration of the operating lever 4, 6 is a spool for switching the oil passage of the oil passage switching valve 2, 7 is a link rotatably supported around a bin 8 in a fixed position, By rotating the spool 6 from side to side, the four parts 9 provided at one end of the spool 6 engage with the bins 10 provided at appropriate positions on the spool 6, thereby switching the spool 6. 11(
One end of the d-lever is rotatably supported by the bin 8, and a handle 12 is provided at the other end. 13 is a spring inserted between a bush 14 that is freely slidable on the outer periphery of the lever part 11 and a stopper member 15 that is screwed onto the lever part. The lever part 11 and the link 7 are arranged so that the lever part 11 moves relative to the link 7 only when a predetermined operating force is applied to the operating lever 4. It is binding. This restraining method can be adjusted by adjusting the screwing position of the stop member 15. 16 is an operating link attached to -ψiia 11111 of the operating lever 4.

Therefore, when the handle 12 of the operating lever 4 is rotated 7'L in the direction of the arrow, the link 7 rotates together with the lever part 11 around the pin 8, and the spool 6 of the oil passage switching valve 2 is switched (
(b), ni) figure). Next, from the switching position, handle 1
When further operating force is applied to 2, the spool 6 has already reached its stroke end 1 and does not operate, but this time the force of the spring 13 is overcome by the operating force, and the operating lever 4 and the link 7 are restrained. When the handle is released, only the operating lever 4 is rotated 80 times (see Figures (A) and (E)).

Next, the link mechanism connected to the accelerator drive section will be explained (FIG. 4). A protrusion 17 is fixedly provided at a proper position on the rod 5. On the other hand, on the base side of the crane, there are two L-shaped links 18.1 with a pin 20.21 approximately in the middle.
9 is pivotally supported 11 around these pins. One end side 18a% 19a of each of these pins 7"1. is arranged on both sides of the protrusion 17 at a predetermined interval, which will be described later, and the rod 5 is arranged on the left and right at P9f, which will be described later.
It is located at a position where it comes into contact with the protrusion 17 when it moves by a certain distance 1. Link 18 and other end side 18b of link 19
, 19b are pivotally supported relative to each other by a pin 22, and are configured such that the rotation of the link 18 is transmitted to the link 19 via the pin 22. A link 23 is fixed to the pin 21, and this link 2
A link 24 is pivotally supported on the other end of the crane 3, and the other end of the link 24 is rotatably supported on the base of the crane.
It is attached to the rotary link 25 which is 0. This rotation Q) of the rotation link 25 is transmitted to the accelerator drive section 27 of the engine E through the Bunon Yugur cable 26.

In addition, 28.29 U: Manual accelerator operating lever, these accelerator operating levers 7'L are connected by a rod 32, and the accelerator operating lever 28 can be rotated clockwise around a pivot point 30. Accordingly, the accelerator operating lever 29 is configured to drive the accelerator of the engine E via the bushing pull cable 26 by rotating it counterclockwise about the pivot point 3.

The operation of the operating lever mechanism and accelerator operating mechanism configured as described above will be explained.

1. The handle 12 of the operating lever 4 of the switching valve 2 in the neutral position
When rotated to the right or left, the spool 6 of the switching valve 2
is activated and this switching valve is switched, but the accelerator is activated at the point when this switching valve is actually switched (when the stroke of the spool 6 reaches 4 as described above). The distance between the protrusion 17 provided on the rod 5 and the one end side 18am19a of the link 18.19 is set in advance so that the accelerator starts blowing when the actuator reaches its maximum speed by switching the switching valve. As a result, the operation lever 4 is operated while driving the accelerator from the middle, and the spool 6 reaches the stroke end position if (FIG. 5 (B) or 2). When further operating force is applied to the handle 12 of the operating lever 4 in this position, the spool 6 has already reached the stroke end, so it does not operate, and only the operating lever 4 overcomes the biasing force of the suspension ring 13 and moves the pivot point 8. It will rotate around the center (Figure 5 (e) or (a)). Then, the rod 5 moves further to the left or right, and the protrusion 17 further continues to press the one end side 18a or 19a of the link 18 or 190, which drives the accelerator further and increases the speed of the actuator. It becomes 1
That is, to explain this in detail, in FIG. 4, when the operating lever 4 is rotated clockwise, the switching valve 2 is switched, and at the same time, the rod 5 is switched. Move to the left. Although the spool has not completely reached the stroke end, when the switching valve has substantially switched, one end of the link 8 is connected to the spool. Still in contact with the part 18a, turn the link 18 clockwise around the pin 20.
Let me do it. This rotation is transmitted to the link 19 via the pin 22, and the link 19 rotates counterclockwise. Then, the pin 21 located approximately in the middle of the joint 19 also rotates counterclockwise, and the counterclockwise rotation 9 of the pin 21 causes the link 23, the link 24, the rotation link 25, and the butshuguru cable 26 to rotate. This is then transmitted to the accelerator drive section of engine E, increasing the operating speed of the crane. Conversely, rod 5
moves to the right and the protrusion 17 moves to the one end 19 of the link 19.
a, this link 19 rotates counterclockwise together with the pin 21, and the counterclockwise rotation of this pin 21 is transmitted to the accelerator drive unit 27 in the same manner as described above, thereby increasing the operating speed of the crane. The increase is f'L.

By the way, when the operating force applied to the handle 12 is weakened in the states (a) and (e) of FIG. figure). The lever that rotates the operating lever 4 further from this state returns to the neutral position (Figure (c)), but if the spool 6 of the switching valve 2 is of the spring return type, it will move away from the handle 12 in this state. Just let go of your hand and the blade will automatically move to the neutral position ((
c) Return to Figure).

As described above, according to the present invention, after the actuator is gradually actuated by one operation lever, the speed of the actuator is gradually increased, so that the operation is easy and can be performed at a wide range from low speed to high speed. This will allow you to control the speed. It also eliminates engine revving, saves energy, and can be said to be an extremely useful method industrially.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing control characteristics in the actuator operating method for construction machinery, etc., which the applicant previously applied for, and FIG. 2 is a graph showing control characteristics in the actuator operating method for construction machinery, etc. according to the present invention. , 3rd
The figure is a schematic overall configuration diagram of a crane, which is an example of construction machinery etc. that uses the method of the present invention, and Figure 4 shows the main part of Figure 3, which is an example of equipment used to carry out the method of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of the operating lever 4, which is the main part of FIG. 4. ] Crane, 2 Oil passage switching valve, 4 Operation renocou, 5
Rod, 7 Link, II Reno・Part, 16・
Operation/reduction, 17.-Protrusion, 18, 19, 23
, 24・Link, 25 Rotating link, 26・Push-pull cable, 27 Accelerator drive unit. Patent Applicant: Uninoku Co., Ltd. Procedural Correction Force Date of May 1, 1979 Director-General of the Patent Office Mr. Kazuo Wakasugi J, Indication of Case Patent Application No. 172638/1982, Title of Invention: Method of operating an actuator in construction machinery, etc. 3. Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant 4. Date of the amendment order Initiator 5. Figure 4 of the drawing subject to the amendment 6. Contents of the amendment as shown in the attached sheet

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a construction machine configured so that pressure oil from a hydraulic pump driven by an engine is communicated to an actuator via an oil passage switching valve, the oil passage switching valve is substantially switched by operating a control lever to change the speed of the actuator. The operation of an actuator in construction machinery, etc., in which the operation lever is further actuated from the operating position of the operating lever or a position near the operating position where the maximum speed is reached to drive the accelerator of the engine and further increase the speed of the actuator. Method.