JPS6059671A - Separator for fuel cell and its manufacture - Google Patents
Separator for fuel cell and its manufactureInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6059671A JPS6059671A JP58166689A JP16668983A JPS6059671A JP S6059671 A JPS6059671 A JP S6059671A JP 58166689 A JP58166689 A JP 58166689A JP 16668983 A JP16668983 A JP 16668983A JP S6059671 A JPS6059671 A JP S6059671A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- separator
- carbon
- paper
- fuel cell
- synthetic resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0297—Arrangements for joining electrodes, reservoir layers, heat exchange units or bipolar separators to each other
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、燃料電池用セパレータ、その製造方法及び燃
料電池に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fuel cell separator, a method for manufacturing the separator, and a fuel cell.
第１図に示すように、通常、燃料電池は燃料極１及び空
気極２と、これら両極間に電解質層３を配置してなる燃
料電池単セルを、セパレータ４を介して複数個積層し、
適宜冷却装置５を配置して一体に締付けて構成される。As shown in FIG. 1, a fuel cell normally consists of a plurality of single fuel cells, each consisting of a fuel electrode 1, an air electrode 2, and an electrolyte layer 3 disposed between these two electrodes, stacked together with a separator 4 in between.
The cooling device 5 is appropriately arranged and integrally tightened.
この燃料電池のセパレータは、燃料及び酸化剤ガスが混
合しないような不浸透性が要求され、ガス透過率が１０
−３〜１０−’ｃｍ” ／ Ｓ以下であることが望まし
い。また、複数個直列に積層した電池の■８損を低減す
るために導電性の良いことが要求される。さらに、規定
高さの積層電池の出力を上げるためには、規定高さ内に
セルを多数積層可能なことが要求され、従ってセパレー
タは前記機能を保持しつつ、よシ薄い方が望ましい。The separator of this fuel cell is required to be impermeable so that the fuel and oxidant gas do not mix, and the gas permeability is 10.
-3 to 10 cm"/S or less. Also, good conductivity is required in order to reduce the loss of ■8 of batteries stacked in series. Furthermore, the specified height In order to increase the output of a stacked battery, it is required to be able to stack a large number of cells within a specified height, and therefore it is desirable that the separator be thinner while still maintaining the above function.
このセパレータとして、従来は、高密度黒鉛のブロック
から板状に削シ出したものが使用されていた。この方法
で製造したセパレータは、ガス透過率が低く、導電性は
高く前記機能を満足しているが、大きな黒鉛のブロック
を成形した後、切削加工によフ薄い平板状のセパレータ
を製作するため、セパレータの厚み以上の削９代を必要
とし、歩留シが低く、コスト高であった。また可撓性に
乏しいという問題もある。This separator has conventionally been cut into a plate shape from a block of high-density graphite. The separator manufactured by this method has low gas permeability and high conductivity and satisfies the above functions. However, it required a cutting depth greater than the thickness of the separator, resulting in low yield and high cost. Another problem is that it lacks flexibility.
本発明の目的は上記従来の問題点を解消し、廉価である
と共に可撓性を有する燃料電池用セパレータ、その製造
方法及びこれを用いた燃料電池を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems and provide an inexpensive and flexible separator for fuel cells, a method for manufacturing the separator, and a fuel cell using the separator.
本発明の燃料電池用セパレータは、炭素系繊維の抄造板
に合成樹脂を含浸せしめるようにしたものである。The fuel cell separator of the present invention is made by impregnating a carbon fiber paper plate with a synthetic resin.
本発明の燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法は、炭素系繊
維の抄造板と合成樹脂フィルムとを積層し、次いでこの
積層物を加熱下で加圧するようにしたものである。又他
の製造方法は、炭素系繊維をフレーク状の合成樹脂と混
抄して抄造板とし、次いでこの抄造板をフロ熱下で加圧
するようにしたものである。The method for producing a fuel cell separator of the present invention is to laminate a carbon fiber paper plate and a synthetic resin film, and then pressurize the laminate under heat. Another manufacturing method is to mix carbon fibers with flaky synthetic resin to form a paper-made board, and then pressurize this paper-made board under flow heating.
本発明の燃料電池セパレータの母材として用いられるカ
ーボンマットは、炭素業界では既存であるところの、炭
素繊維又は黒鉛繊維などの炭素系繊維を主体に抄紙法に
よシ紙状に抄いたものである。これは一般にカーボンペ
ーパーと呼ばれているが、さらに肉厚の厚い不織布状の
ものも含めてカーボンマットと称されている。このカー
ボンマットをセパレータ母材に用いることは、すでに炭
素又は黒鉛繊維によシミ気的なつながりが出来ておシ、
黒鉛粉と樹脂の混合物をプレス成形したセパレータのよ
うに、電気的なつながシを得るために、樹脂を炭化する
という工程が不要となり、製造設備費や運転費が大幅に
低減出来るという利点がある１、さらに、カーボンマッ
トの薄いもの、すなわちカーボンペーパーは厚みが０．
１〜０．４調と薄いため、規定積層高さ内Ｖこ、よシ多
数のセルが′ｉＲ層出来、出方向上が可能となる。The carbon mat used as the base material of the fuel cell separator of the present invention is made into a paper-like material using a paper-making method mainly made of carbon fibers or carbon-based fibers such as graphite fibers, which are already available in the carbon industry. be. This is generally called carbon paper, but thicker nonwoven fabrics are also called carbon mats. Using this carbon mat as a separator base material is difficult because it has already formed a stain-like connection with carbon or graphite fibers.
Unlike separators made by press-molding a mixture of graphite powder and resin, there is no need to carbonize the resin to create an electrical connection, which has the advantage of significantly reducing manufacturing equipment and operating costs. 1.Furthermore, the thin carbon mat, that is, carbon paper, has a thickness of 0.
Since it is as thin as 1 to 0.4, a large number of cells can be formed in the iR layer within the specified stacking height, making it possible to increase the number of cells in the output direction.
さらに、カーボンマットに気密性を持たせるためのフッ
素系樹脂を乾式で熱含浸させることは、溶剤が不要であ
ることは当然であるが、フィルム状のフッ素系樹脂を用
いれば、均一な樹脂分布が得られ、且つ材料の飛散が無
く、大形のものが単なるヒートプレスで容易に製造可能
となる。また、厚みの制御も、カーボンマットとフィル
ムの枚数で、あたかも積層板の接着のごとく調節可能で
あるなどの利点を有しておシ、大形のリン酸型燃料電池
へ、このセパレータを使用する利点は大きい。Furthermore, dry heat impregnation with fluororesin to make the carbon mat airtight naturally requires no solvent, but if a film-like fluororesin is used, uniform resin distribution can be achieved. is obtained, and there is no material scattering, and large-sized products can be easily manufactured by a simple heat press. In addition, it has the advantage that the thickness can be controlled by changing the number of carbon mats and films, just like bonding laminates.This separator can be used in large phosphoric acid fuel cells. The benefits of doing so are great.
以下、本発明の詳細な説明する。The present invention will be explained in detail below.
第２図は、リプ付電極型のセル構造を有するり／酸型燃
料電池単セルを示しておシ、１′及び２′はリプ付の多
孔質黒鉛を基材とする燃料極、空気極である。３は電解
質層であシ、リン酸が保持されている。４′は平板状の
セパレータであり、この材料として、カーボンペーパー
と、耐熱性、耐酸性を有するフッ素系樹脂フィルム、例
えばポリテトラフルオロエチレンフィルムを用いている
。Figure 2 shows a single acid fuel cell having a lip-attached electrode type cell structure. 1' and 2' are fuel electrodes and air electrodes based on lip-attached porous graphite. It is. 3 is an electrolyte layer in which phosphoric acid is retained. Reference numeral 4' denotes a flat separator made of carbon paper and a fluororesin film having heat resistance and acid resistance, such as polytetrafluoroethylene film.
この材料は、第３図に示すように、２枚のカーポア ヘ
−バー ５の間にポリテトラフルオロエチレンフィルム
７をはさんだ状態で、第４図のようにヒートプレスによ
シ溶融圧着し、平板状七ノくレータとしている。This material is melt-bonded using a heat press as shown in Fig. 4 with a polytetrafluoroethylene film 7 sandwiched between two sheets of Carpore Heber 5 as shown in Fig. 3. It has a flat plate with seven lattice plates.
初期には絶縁物である前記樹脂を熱含浸させることは電
気伝導性の点で不利と考えられていたが、ｔｔｌｌｌｌ
！フィルム厚を母材であるカーボンペーパーの厚みの１
１５〜１／８にして、且つポリテトラフロロエチレンを
用いる場合にはヒートプレス時の条件を３３０１ｒＸ１
５分程度とすることにより、炭素又は黒鉛質骨格の導電
性を損うことなく、ガス不浸透性のセパレータが得られ
ることが判明した。本製造法によ勺作られたセパレータ
の気体透過率は１０−４〜１０−５ｃｍ” ／ Ｓであ
り、比抵抗は数十ミリΩ−副であり、燃料電池用七ノく
レータとしての基本特性を満足している。Initially, it was thought that impregnating the resin, which is an insulator, with heat was disadvantageous in terms of electrical conductivity, but
! The film thickness is 1 of the thickness of the base material carbon paper.
15 to 1/8, and when polytetrafluoroethylene is used, the heat pressing conditions are 3301rX1.
It has been found that by setting the heating time to about 5 minutes, a gas-impermeable separator can be obtained without impairing the conductivity of the carbon or graphite skeleton. The gas permeability of the separator made by this manufacturing method is 10-4 to 10-5 cm"/S, and the resistivity is several tens of milliΩ, making it a basic material for use as a separator for fuel cells. Satisfies the characteristics.
本製造法により作られたセパレータは、可撓性があるた
め、薄くても機械的に壊れに＜＜、従来の剛性の強いセ
パレータの欠点を無くすことが出来、且つ製造上の歩留
シがほぼ１００％となるために、大巾にコスト低減が可
能となった。Because the separator made by this manufacturing method is flexible, it does not break mechanically even if it is thin, eliminating the drawbacks of conventional separators that have strong rigidity, and reducing production yields. Since it is almost 100%, it has become possible to significantly reduce costs.
上記製造法の応用例として、カーボンマット＜−を抄紙
する時点で粒状又はフレーク状のフッ素系樹脂を混抄し
て、その後ヒートプレスにより樹脂を溶融させ、不浸透
化する方法も試みられ、同様な平板セパレータが得られ
ている。As an application example of the above production method, a method has been attempted in which granular or flake fluororesin is mixed into paper at the time of paper making of carbon mat <-, and then the resin is melted by heat press to make it impermeable. A flat plate separator is obtained.
また、カーボンペーパーを短佃状に切ったものを上記の
方法で熱融着させることによυ、いわゆるリブ付セパレ
ータ型の不浸透セパレータを製造することも可能である
。It is also possible to produce a so-called ribbed separator type impermeable separator by heat-sealing carbon paper cut into short lengths using the above method.
本発明の燃料電池によれば、セパレータ材料の母材とし
て炭素又は黒鉛繊維の骨格のあるカーボンマットを用い
ることによｐ１不浸透化のための樹脂を炭化することな
く、必要々電気伝導性が得られ、且つ薄く可撓性のある
セパレータが簡単な製造設備で歩留９良く製造出来るた
め、燃料電池の機械的構造の信頼性向上、セパレータ製
造コストの低減に効果がある。According to the fuel cell of the present invention, by using a carbon mat with a carbon or graphite fiber skeleton as the base material of the separator material, the necessary electrical conductivity can be achieved without carbonizing the resin for making P1 impermeable. The resulting thin and flexible separator can be manufactured with a simple manufacturing equipment at a high yield of 9, which is effective in improving the reliability of the mechanical structure of the fuel cell and reducing the cost of manufacturing the separator.
第１図は燃料電池基本構成を示す斜視図、第２図はリプ
付電極型のセル構成を示す斜視図、第３図は本発明の燃
料電池に用いるセパレータ素材の製造時の組み合せを示
す斜視図、第４図はそのヒートプレス時の側面図である
。FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the basic structure of a fuel cell, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a lip-equipped electrode type cell structure, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a combination of separator materials used in the fuel cell of the present invention during manufacture. FIG. 4 is a side view of the heat press.
Claims (1)
燃料電池用セパレータ。 ２、炭素系繊維は炭素繊維又は黒鉛繊維である特許請求
の範囲第１項記載の燃料電池用セパレータ。 ３、 合成樹脂はフッ素系樹脂である特許請求の範囲第
１項又は第２項に記載の燃料電池用セパレータ。 ４゜ 炭素系繊維の抄造板と合成樹脂フィルムとを積層
し、次いでこの積層物を加熱下で加圧し、この合成樹脂
フィルムを炭素系繊維の抄造板に含浸せしめるようにし
たことを特徴とする燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法。 ５・ 炭素系の繊維全フレーク状の合成樹脂と混抄して
抄造板とし、次いでこの抄造板を加熱下でカＵ圧して前
記合成樹脂を抄造板中に含浸せしめるようにしたことを
特許とする燃料配油用セパレータの製造方法。[Claims] 1. A fuel cell separator made of a carbon fiber paper plate impregnated with a synthetic resin. 2. The fuel cell separator according to claim 1, wherein the carbon fiber is carbon fiber or graphite fiber. 3. The fuel cell separator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the synthetic resin is a fluororesin. 4゜ A carbon fiber paperboard and a synthetic resin film are laminated, and then this laminate is heated and pressed to impregnate the carbon fiber paperboard with this synthetic resin film. A method for manufacturing a fuel cell separator. 5. A patented method in which carbon-based fibers are mixed with a synthetic resin in the form of flakes to form a paper-made board, and then this paper-made board is heated and pressed under pressure to impregnate the synthetic resin into the paper-made board. A method for manufacturing a separator for fuel oil distribution.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58166689A JPS6059671A (en) | 1983-09-12 | 1983-09-12 | Separator for fuel cell and its manufacture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58166689A JPS6059671A (en) | 1983-09-12 | 1983-09-12 | Separator for fuel cell and its manufacture |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6059671A true JPS6059671A (en) | 1985-04-06 |
| JPH0218550B2 JPH0218550B2 (en) | 1990-04-25 |
Family
ID=15835908
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58166689A Granted JPS6059671A (en) | 1983-09-12 | 1983-09-12 | Separator for fuel cell and its manufacture |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6059671A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2587696A1 (en) * | 1985-09-25 | 1987-03-27 | Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd | CARBON COMPOSITE PRODUCT PRODUCED BY JOINING CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS WITH A TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE RESIN, AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME |
| JPS62296368A (en) * | 1986-06-16 | 1987-12-23 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Separator plate for fuel cell |
| FR2602915A1 (en) * | 1986-08-14 | 1988-02-19 | Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd | COMPOSITE SUBSTRATE FOR FUEL CELLS AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF |
| WO2003049212A3 (en) * | 2001-12-03 | 2005-09-01 | Mosaic Energy L L C | Cold-pressing method for bipolar plate manufacturing |
| WO2019039214A1 (en) | 2017-08-24 | 2019-02-28 | 日清紡ホールディングス株式会社 | Fuel cell separator precursor, and fuel cell separator |
| CN114937785A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-08-23 | 开封时代新能源科技有限公司 | Composite graphite bipolar plate for flow battery and preparation method thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59141171A (en) * | 1983-01-31 | 1984-08-13 | Nitto Electric Ind Co Ltd | Conductor sheet |
-
1983
- 1983-09-12 JP JP58166689A patent/JPS6059671A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59141171A (en) * | 1983-01-31 | 1984-08-13 | Nitto Electric Ind Co Ltd | Conductor sheet |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2587696A1 (en) * | 1985-09-25 | 1987-03-27 | Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd | CARBON COMPOSITE PRODUCT PRODUCED BY JOINING CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS WITH A TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE RESIN, AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME |
| JPS62296368A (en) * | 1986-06-16 | 1987-12-23 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Separator plate for fuel cell |
| FR2602915A1 (en) * | 1986-08-14 | 1988-02-19 | Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd | COMPOSITE SUBSTRATE FOR FUEL CELLS AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF |
| WO2003049212A3 (en) * | 2001-12-03 | 2005-09-01 | Mosaic Energy L L C | Cold-pressing method for bipolar plate manufacturing |
| WO2019039214A1 (en) | 2017-08-24 | 2019-02-28 | 日清紡ホールディングス株式会社 | Fuel cell separator precursor, and fuel cell separator |
| KR20200042897A (en) | 2017-08-24 | 2020-04-24 | 닛신보 홀딩스 가부시키 가이샤 | Fuel cell separator precursor and fuel cell separator |
| US11515547B2 (en) | 2017-08-24 | 2022-11-29 | Nisshinbo Holdings Inc. | Fuel cell separator precursor, and fuel cell separator |
| CN114937785A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-08-23 | 开封时代新能源科技有限公司 | Composite graphite bipolar plate for flow battery and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0218550B2 (en) | 1990-04-25 |
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