JPS6058498A - Extraction of wheat embryo oil - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is based on a method for extracting and separating wheat germ oil.

More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for extracting and separating high-grade wheat germ oil from wheat germ using a fluid in a supercritical state as an oil agent.

Wheat germ oil is rich in highly nutritious unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid, and is also rich in vitamin E.
It is a lipid that contains tocopherol, which is useful in foods, medicine, feed, etc., and is a useful substance used as a health food.

Is there a way to extract the oil from conventional wheat germ? Fr'n
- After extraction using an organic solvent such as hexane and removing n-hexane from the extract by evaporation, incubation is carried out using conventional methods such as decolorization and deodorization to further remove fine n-hexane. Wheat germ oil was obtained as a manufactured product. In addition, since the distillation of n-hexane requires heating for a considerable period of time, there is also the drawback that some oil components undergo thermal deterioration and change in quality. Furthermore, pesticide components contained in wheat tend to be extracted as is and enter the product, which also requires a special removal process. Wheat germ residue (lees) cannot be used as feed for livestock, but its quality has deteriorated due to heat-related changes. Moreover, as a matter of course, such a complicated process was involved, so it could not be said to be an economically advantageous method.

Methods such as this external molecular distillation operation, ion exchange resin treatment, and silica gel liquid layer have also been proposed, but none of them can be said to be more advantageous for industrial implementation than the solvent extraction method.

In view of this situation, the inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to find a method for obtaining high-grade wheat germ oil for industrial use.As a result, they have devised a method for extracting and separating wheat germ using a fluid in a supercritical state as an extractant. For example, the inventors discovered that it is possible to obtain high-grade wheat germ oil by eliminating the drawbacks of the solvent extraction method and arrived at the present invention. Further extraction process.

The present invention was completed after considering the type of extractant, extraction and separation conditions, etc.

That is, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an industrially advantageous method for extracting and separating high-grade wheat germ oil from wheat germ. This is an extraction method characterized by using a fluid in a critical state.

A method of separating an organic compound from a mixture containing it using a fluid in a supercritical state is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 1053/1983.
Although the method described in Japanese Patent No. 9 is known, a method for extracting wheat germ oil from wheat germ is not yet known.

A fluid in a supercritical state is a gas in a state exceeding a critical temperature and critical pressure, such as ethylene (9.9°C
; 50.5 atm), ammonia (132.3°
C; 111.3 atm), carbon dioxide (31.0
℃; 72.9 atm) (CD above critical state like Q
It is a fluid with a similar property to that of a liquid and a large diffusion coefficient similar to that of a gas. Due to these physical properties, various compounds can be extracted quickly and efficiently in large quantities.
Moreover, it has the advantage that no extracting agent remains in the product. In general, any of the fluids in the supercritical state can be used in the present invention, but since the subject matter is food, carbon dioxide (CO2) is harmless and inert, and can be used at relatively low temperatures. CO2 is usually used as the extraction agent since it enjoys a number of advantages such as being processable, easy to handle and operate, and economically advantageous.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on a flow sheet.

In FIG. 1, CO2 compressed from a CO2 cylinder 1 to a predetermined pressure using a compressor 2 is passed through a heat exchanger 3, set at a predetermined extraction temperature, and brought into a supercritical state into an extraction column 4. The extraction tower 4 is filled with raw wheat germ,
The C02 phase from which the oil has been extracted is passed through the pressure reducing valve 5 to reduce the pressure, and is introduced into the separator lake 6 to separate the oil from the 002 phase.

The reduced pressure CO2 is cooled and liquefied in the condenser 7, and recycled via the compressor 2.

In the above process, the pressure of supercritical CO in the extraction column is 70 to 500 b/d, preferably 70 to 3
00 Kgkl, temperature is 30-90℃, preferably 3
It is necessary to extract while maintaining the self-confinement at 0 to 60°.

If it is too low, a supercritical state will not be achieved, and if it is too high, there may be adverse effects such as increased equipment costs or thermal deterioration. When the extraction agent is CO2, the pressure is particularly around 200 Kfl-,
Good results can be obtained by using conditions at a temperature of around 40°C. In the process shown in Fig. 1, the oil is separated over time by the separator 6, but the oil components obtained differ depending on the method of separation, so the oil content is divided and extracted depending on the desired oil content. It is preferable to collect the initial extraction, middle extraction, and/or late extraction.

Although high-grade wheat germ oil can be produced by the method of the present invention, it has the following superior effects compared to conventional methods.

(1) Since a fluid in a supercritical state is used, oil is completely separated from the extraction phase, and there is no possibility of oil remaining as in the case of organic solvent extraction.

(2) The raffinate residue (lees) can be used as is for feed, etc., and there is no need for a solvent removal process as in the case of organic solvent extraction, making it economical.

(3) Medium because free fatty acids are preferentially extracted.

The late-stage extract becomes an oil with a low acid value.

(4) The color of the extracted phase is very good, and deacidification and decolorization steps are not necessary or their load is small.

(5) Less unsaponifiable matter.

(6) A highly safe oil with less extraction of pesticide components can be obtained.

(7 tocopherols are extracted in high yield.

(8) Since the operation is carried out under mild temperature conditions and in an inert gas atmosphere, the oil component does not suffer from deterioration.

According to the method of the present invention, extraction and division are performed simultaneously, and high-grade wheat germ oil is immediately obtained, which can be used for various purposes such as health food and medicine.
Even if purification is required, it is simple.

EXAMPLES The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1 Wheat germ with a water content of 10.95%, an oil content of 8.64, and an acid value of 13.83 was packed into an extraction tower with an internal volume of 5 A' and 2.8 KI/i, and the extraction temperature was adjusted to 45 by the process shown in FIG. °C pressure 20
Extraction was carried out using 0 Kg/l of CO2 and separation was carried out at room temperature and atmospheric pressure to obtain about 230 kg of oil.

Example 2゜Example 1. Using the same 3.5 kg of wheat germ as used in Example 1 as a raw material, Example 1. In the same process as above, the extraction part If45℃,
Extraction was performed using μ-CO2 at a pressure of 200, and separation was performed at room temperature and atmospheric pressure to obtain an oil of approximately 290y. Initial extraction divided over time (A) approximately 90 minutes.

Mid-term extraction (B) approx. 100F, late extraction (C) approx. 10
The composition of No. 01 was analyzed and the results of the analysis were as shown in Table 1. For comparison, analytical values for oil extracted using conventional 11-hexane are also shown.

The analytical values for the raffle residue (lees) are shown in Table 2.

Table 2

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a flow sheet showing an example of an embodiment of the present invention. Representative applicant: Hiroshi Sasaki, Representative of Steel Manufacturing Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) An extraction method characterized by using a fluid in a supercritical state as an extractant for extracting and separating oil in wheat germ. (2) The method according to claim (1), wherein the fluid in a supercritical state is carbon dioxide. (3) Pressure of fluid in supercritical state 0 to 300 Kg/c
d. The method according to claim (1) or (2), wherein the extraction is carried out at a temperature of 30 to 60°C. (4) By performing split extraction in the extraction process,
Claims for obtaining high-grade wheat germ oil produced by
1) The method described.