JPS6055962A - Artificial respiration apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an artificial respirator used to perform respiratory functions for patients who have temporarily stopped breathing or are unable to breathe adequately.

The objective is a ventilator that is simple in structure and operation, and therefore can be widely implemented. It is to provide.

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

F with this artificial respirator! , the pressure of the intake gas from the intake gas pressure source 1 is reduced by the pressure reducing valve 2, and the intake gas is supplied to the breathing valve and mask 4 or the manual breathing valve and mask 5 via the 4-position manual switching valve 3. Inspiratory gas is supplied from the valve and mask 4 at a predetermined cycle similar to the patient's natural breathing. Expired gas from the patient is configured to be released into the atmosphere outside the breathing valve and mask 4 through a check valve provided in the breathing valve and mask 4. During such artificial respiration, the switching valve 3 is in position 11A1.
, A2 are selectively used. The position A1 of the switching valve 3 is connected when the number of respirations per minute, that is, the respiration rate is low, and the position jfA2 is connected when the respiration rate is high. Position 1ist is used to continuously supply intake gas from the pressure reducing valve 2 to the breathing valve and mask 4 to perform oxygen inhalation or the like.

Position C9 is used to perform manual artificial respiration using the manual breathing valve and mask 5, and when , a specific cycle similar to natural breathing is performed manually by the operator. It may be an inspiratory gas pressure source IFi, a pressure vessel supplying air or oxygen, or a supply device installed in a hospital.

If the switching valve 3 is in the connected state at position A1, then baud) 3a
Intake gas is supplied from the intake gas through the flow path 6 to the first double Byront type spring offset type two-position switching valve 7 . From the first switching valve 7 in the normal position, a second dual pilot spring offset type two-position switching valve 8 is connected.
Pilot pressure is applied to the pilot bow 18b (as shown in FIG. 2 (4)) via the flow path 9 in the direction of the offset position F. High lot pressure I'it in flow path 9 Single pilot type spring offset type 2 position switching valve 10
As a result, the switching valve 10 becomes the off-cent position I and enters the cutoff state, and the period Te shown in FIG. 2 (5)
The exhalation will be exhaled at x. The intake gas from the flow path 6 is transferred from the flow path 11 to the switching valve 1 when intake is performed.
The flow path 14 passes through the normal position H of o and the variable restrictor 13.
is guided to the breathing valve and mask 4.

The second switching valve 8 in the offset position F is connected to the pilot port 7a in the direction of the normal position of the first switching valve 7 via the flow passage 15, and also through the first check valve 16 and the flow passage 17. Offset position E of first switching valve 7
A pilot pressure is applied to the Byron topo (7b) in the direction of . FIG. 2(3) shows the pilot pressure in the flow path 17. In this way, the first switching valve 7 opens the flow path 15, 1775.
i The pilot pressure remains the same, so the connection state at the normal position is maintained. The pilot pressure from the offset position F of the second switching valve 8 switches the single-pilot spring offset type two-position switching valve 18 from the normal position J to the offset position K. Therefore, the second switching valve 8
The pilot pressure from the offset position F passes through the throttle valve 19 to the offset position of the switching valve 18 and applies pilot pressure to the pilot boat 8a in the direction of the flow path 2o to the normal position G of the second switching valve 8. The change in the pilot pressure in the flow path 20 is as shown in FIG.
At expiration time Tex from time 0 to time t1, aperture 1
It will rise over time due to the action of 9. Here, the change in the pilot pressure of the pylon top 8b which acts in the direction of setting the second switching valve 8 in the flow path 9 to the offset position F is shown in FIG. 2 (2). The broken line in FIG. 2 (21) shows the time course of the pilot pressure in channel 61C shown in FIG. 2 (1).The pressure difference P between the pilot pressure in channel 20 and the pilot pressure in channel 9
2 becomes equal to the spring force of the spring for bringing the normal position G into the connected state in the second switching valve 8, that is, when the pilot pressure in the flow path 20 increases by the operating pressure P2 of the second switching valve 8, the flow path 9 At time t1, when the pilot pressure reaches a value lower than the pilot pressure of
to the normal position G by the spring force. Therefore, the flow path 21 is communicated with the atmosphere via the normal position G of the second switching valve 8. At the expiration time Tex, the spring offset type 2-position switching valve 26 gives its full pilot pressure m, Wt39, and the switching valve 3's bow) 3b upper #: side remains closed by being sealed without releasing to the atmosphere. be. pilot port 7b,
8aVC tanks 22 and 23 are connected respectively.

When the normal position G of the second switching valve 8 is in the connected state, the flow path 21 is opened to the atmosphere, whereby the pilot pressure in the flow path 20 is released via the check valve 31, and the first switching valve 7 Then, the normal position is in the connected state, and the normal position J of the switching valve 18 is in the connected state. The pilot pressure of the pilot port 7b in the direction of the off-cent position E of the first switching valve 7 is
Through the normal position J of the switching valve 18 and the throttle 19,
It is released into the atmosphere from the flow path 21 through the normal position G of the second switching valve 8. In this way, during the intake time Tin from time t1 to time t2, the pilot pressure in the flow path 17 decreases over time.

Inhalation time? Since the offset position E of the first switching valve 7 is connected to the atmosphere during ri', . In this way, the intake gas flows through the flow paths 6, 11 and the switching valve 1.
Air is supplied to the breathing valve and mask 4 from the normal position H of 0 and the variable throttle 13 through the flow path 14, and inhalation is performed.

The pilot pressure for the first switching valve 7 in the flow path 17 is reduced to the operating pressure P1 of the first switching valve 7 by the action of the throttle 19.
When the first switching valve 7 is lowered to the normal position by the spring force of the first switching valve 7, it is connected to the normal position. This time is the second
It is indicated by t2 in the figure. Therefore, the pilot pressure in the flow path 9 becomes high again at time t2 as shown in FIG.
As shown in 5), the air is cut off and exhalation is performed again.

In the above embodiment, the expiration period Tex is expressed as P11 by the following formula: Further, the intake period Tin1d is expressed by the following equation.

Here, P is the secondary pressure from the pressure reducing valve 2, PL, P2 are the primary pressure
Construction of switching valve 7 and second switching valve 8! Iσ1 pressure.

R1 is the flow path resistance of the throttle 19, C1,', C2 is the tank 2
It has a volume of 2.23.

When the switching valve 3 is switched to position A2, the intake gas from the pressure reducing valve 2 flows from the ports 3a, 3b of the switching valve 3 to the flow paths 6,
24 respectively. A small amount of the gas supplied to the tube 3b is continuously leaked from a throttle 100 provided in the middle of the flow path 39.

At this time, the pilot pressure in the flow path 24 causes the switching valve 2 to
6 is in the connected state at the offset position.

Therefore, in addition to the aforementioned throttle 19 that determines the exhalation time Tex and the inhalation time Tin, pilot pressure is applied to the flow path 20 of the second switching valve 8 through another throttle 27 in parallel. In this way, the time course of the pilot pressure in the flow path 20 during the expiration time Tex is not thicker than the slope in FIG.
becomes shorter.

Even during the intake time Tin, the diaphragm 2 is connected in parallel to the diaphragm 19.
7, the pilot pressure in the flow path 17 flows, and the intake time T in is shortened.

In this way the breathing rate is increased. Other operations are the same as when the switching valve 3 is connected to position A1 as described above.

When switching valve 3 is connected to position 1ii A2.

The exhalation time Tex is expressed by the following formula.

In addition, the intake time Tin is expressed by a quadratic equation.

Here, R2 indicates the flow path resistance of the throttle 27.

When the switching valve 3 is in the connected position Bl#c, the flow path 28
Inspiratory gas is continuously supplied to the breathing valve and mask 4 through the restrictor 29, and oxygen can be inhaled.

When the switching valve 3 is set to the [2CK connected state], inspiratory gas is continuously supplied to the manual breathing valve and the mask 5 through the flow path 30, allowing one manual artificial respiration to be performed.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the same reference numerals will be used for parts corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. What should be noted is the switching valve position 3 ffflA1. In addition to A2, there is also A3. A4 and position A3. It can be selected that the exhalation time and the inhalation time become shorter as A4 is reached, and therefore the respiration rate increases. At positions AI and A2, operations similar to those in the embodiment of FIG. 1 are performed. At this time, the check valve 33
By the action of ゜34; 35, 36, the switching valve 37゜3
8 are in their normal positions P and S and are blocking.

When position A3 is selected, intake gas is supplied from the pressure reducing valve 2 to the port 3C of the switching valve 3, and thereby the flow path 39
The pilot pressure moves the switching valve 37 to the offset position N, and also moves the switching valve 26 to the offset position via the check valve 35. During the equal expiration time Tex and inspiratory time Tin, the pilot pressures of the pilot boats 7b and 8a change with the restrictors 19 and 27.41 connected in parallel, thereby shortening the expiratory time Tex and the inspiratory time Tin. . Inhalation gas to the breathing valve and mask 4 is supplied from the flow path 39 to the flow path 11 via the check valve 33 .

When the switching valve 3 is connected to the position A4, the intake gas flowing from the port 3d through the flow path 40 is given as pilot pressure to the switching valve 38, which moves the switching valve 38 to the offset position Q. The switching valve 37 is set to the offset position N, and the switching valve 26 is set to the offset position taL via the check valve 35. As a result, the expiratory time Tex and the inspiratory time Tin change through the four parallel throttles 19.27 and 41.42, and the pilot pressure changes, thereby causing the expiratory time Tex and the inspiratory time T.
in is determined to be even shorter. Inhalation gas to the breathing valve and mask 4 is provided from the flow path 40 to the flow path 11 via the check valve 34. From position A4 side to position A with switching valve 3+C
When switching to 1-way mode.

Flow) 1; Intake gas in 340.39.24 is boat 3d
.

3c, 3b are opened to the atmosphere, and thereby the switching valves 38, 37.26 are in the normal position is, p.

It becomes possible to return to M and shut it off.

In other embodiments of the invention, the check valves 35 or 36 may be omitted and the flow paths 24 and 39 or the flow paths 39 and 40 may be mutually isolated. In this way, the position A3 of the switching valve 3
When selecting , the offset position ff1N of the switching valve 37 becomes conductive, which causes only the restrictors 19 and 41 to
The pilot pressure that determines the exhalation time Tex and the inhalation time Tin will flow through. Further, when position A4 of the switching valve 3 is selected, only the offset position Q of the switching valve 38 becomes conductive, so that the pilot fluid completely flows through only the throttles 19 and 42.

FIG. 4 is a system diagram of still another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram for explaining its operation. In this embodiment, corresponding parts in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals, and their explanation will be omitted. The noteworthy feature is that the pilot pressure is applied in the direction of the offset position "E" of the first switching valve 7, and the pilot pressure is applied in the direction of the normal position G of the second switching valve 8. The pilot pole 8a communicates with the tank chamber 46.47 of the variable volume tank 44.45.A throttle 948 connected in parallel with the check valve 16 determines the expiration time Texk. The aperture 49 controls the intake time T i
11k and is connected to the flow path 9.

In the tank 44, the tank chamber 46 is defined by a large diameter piston 50 and a small diameter piston 51. The pistons 50.51 are connected by a connecting rod 52. The receiving pressure +Mi of the piston 50 opposite to the tank chamber 46 is connected to the valve 3b of the switching valve 3 via a flow path 53. The side of the small-diameter piston 51 opposite to the tank chamber 46 is opened to the atmosphere. Similarly, a large diameter piston 54 and a small diameter piston 55 are connected to the other tank 45 by a connecting rod 56.

When the switching valve 3 is selected at the position AIVr-5, the intake gas from the pressure reducing valve 2 is supplied to the flow path 9 from 3a through the normal position of the switching valve 7, and thereby the second switching valve 8 and the switching valve 7 The valve 10 is in offset positions F, I. Therefore, the switching valve 10 is not in the cutoff state, and the intake gas from the valve 3a flows from the offset position F of the second switching valve 8 through the flow path 21 and from the flow path 15 to the first switching valve 7.

It is also applied as pilot pressure to the first switching valve 7 via the check valve 16. Pilot port of second switching valve 8)
8a, the pilot pressure at time to
It gradually rises due to the action of the diaphragm 49 as one hour passes from 1 to t1. At this time, the switching valve 3
3b and flow paths 24,5:l; are open to the atmosphere, so that the piston 50.51 of the tank 44 is displaced to the right in FIG.
j5 is displaced to the left, so the tank chamber 46°4
7 has the maximum volume. The pilot pressure shown in FIG. 5(1) of the pilot boat 8a of the second switching valve 8 is
When the pilot pressure of the pylon top 1-8b shown in Fig. 5 (2) reaches a value as low as the operating pressure P2 of the second switching valve 8 as indicated by the broken line, the second switching valve 8 becomes the normal position G. , the flow path 21 is open to the atmosphere. Therefore, at time tl, the pilot port 7 of the first switching valve 7
The pilot pressure at b is at time t as shown in Fig. 5 (3).
1 to time t2, it decreases due to the action of the diaphragm 48. When the pilot pressure of the pilot port 7b at time [2] falls to the operating pressure P1 of the first switching valve 7, the first switching valve 7 is switched to the normal position fD again. In this way, from time t1 to time L2, intake gas flows from the flow path 11 through the switching valve 10 as shown in FIG.
) will be supplied to the breathing valve and mask 4.

When the switching valve 3 is switched to the position A2Vc, the intake gas from the pressure reducing valve 2 passes through the flow path 24 from the lower part 3b.

It is fed into tanks 44.45. Therefore piston 50
．． 51 is displaced to the left in FIG. 4, the pistons 54, 55 are displaced to the right in FIG. 4, and the volumes of the tank chambers 46 and 47 are minimized. Therefore, exhalation time Tex and inspiration time Tin
becomes shorter and the respiratory rate increases.

When the switching valve 3 is connected to position A1.

The exhalation time Tex and the inhalation time Tin are expressed by the following equations.

-P　l Tex -R1-C1・=(51 P+1 Here, the volumes of CI and C2 tank chambers 4G and 47 are shown.

When the switching valve 3 is connected to position A2, the exhalation time T
ex and the intake time Tin are expressed by the following equation.

-PI Tex-R1(C1-α)-・-(7)P+1 P+1 Tin-R2(C2-β) l n-・-(81F 2
+1 Here, ct and β are the volume reductions of the tank chambers 46 and 47.

FIG. 6 is a system diagram of still another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is similar to the previous embodiment and corresponding parts are provided with the same reference numerals. The noteworthy feature is the first switching valve 7.
In addition to the tank 22, the pilot pressure port 7bVc, to which pilot pressure is applied in the direction of the offset position E, is connected to tanks 58 and 59 through switching valves 60 and 61'e, respectively, and one tank group 62 is formed.

Pilot boat 8al' to which pilot pressure is applied in the direction of the normal position G of the second switching valve 8? :teeth,
In addition to the tank 23, the tanks 63 and 64 are equipped with a switching valve 65.
．． connected via +36 respectively.

It forms another tank group 67. Switching valve 60.
Pilot pressure is applied to 65 from the flow path 24 . Pilot pressure is applied to the switching valves 61 and 66 from the flow path 68. Fluid from flow path 68 is guided to flow path 24 through check valve 69 . When the position AI of the switching valve 3 is selected, the exhalation time Tex and the inhalation time Tin are determined by the volume of the tank 22, 23 and are the shortest. When position A2 of the switching valve 3 is selected, the switching valve 60.65
If the offset positions Ul, U3 are in the connected state, the expiration time TexFi depends on the sum of the volumes of the tanks 23.63, and the inspiratory time Tind depends on the sum of the volumes of the tanks 22.58, whereby the expiration times Tex and Inhalation time Tin becomes relatively long. Intake gas is from boat “3b”
The water is supplied from the flow path 11 via the check valve 25.

When position A3 of the switching valve 3 is in the connected state, the boat 3c
The intake gas is guided to the flow path 68 as -pilot pressure, and the switching valve 61.66 is moved to the offset position Wl, W3.
Switch to At the same time, the check valve 69 moves the switching valves 60, 65 to their offset positions U, 1. U
Can be switched to 3.

Thus, the exhalation time Tex depends on the sum of the volumes of the tanks 23, 63.64, and the inhalation time Tin depends on the sum of the volumes of the tanks 22.58.
59 tank volumes, these times Tex,
Tin is the longest. Inhalation gas is supplied from the boat 3c to the breathing valve and mask 4 through the flow path 11 via the check valve 70.

Note that when the position A1 of the switching valve 3 is selected, no pilot pressure is applied to the flow paths 24, 68, and therefore the switching valves 60, 61, 65, 66 are at the normal position U2. W
2. U4. It becomes W4 and is in a cutoff state.

If the check valve 69 is removed and the flow paths 24, 68 are separated from each other, the switching valves 60, 65 will remain in their normal positions U2, U4 when the switching valve 3 position A3 is selected; Therefore, the exhalation time Tex depends on the sum of the volumes of the tanks 23.64, and the inspiratory time Tind depends on the sum of the volumes of the tanks 22.59.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the switching valve 3 may be provided with a larger number of positions to change the exhalation time and inhalation time, and thus the respiration rate, in even more steps.

As described above, according to the present invention, an artificial respiration device can be realized with a simple structure.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram for explaining the operation of the embodiment of FIG. Fig. 3 is a system diagram of another embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 4 is a system diagram of yet another embodiment of the invention; Fig. 5 is a waveform diagram for explaining the operation of Fig. 4; The figure is a system diagram of still another embodiment of the present invention. 1... Intake gas pressure source % 2... Pressure reducing valve, 3... Switching valve, 4.5... Mask, 7... First double pilot type spring offset type 2-position switching valve, 8・・・
・Negative S2 double pilot type spring offset type 2-position switching valve, 10... Open/close valve, 18, 26, 37, 3
8゜60.61, 65.66...Switching valve, 16.3
1... Check valve, 19, 27, 41, 42, 48.49
...Aperture, 22, 23, 58, 59, 63.64...
・Tank, 44.45...Variable volume tank, 62.6
7...Tank Group Agent Patent Attorney Kei Nishi

Claims (1)

[Claims] it) Applying pilot pressure from the first double pilot type spring offset type 2 position switching valve in the normal position in the direction of the offset position of the second double pilot type spring offset type 2 position switching valve. from the second switching valve in the offset position to the normal position of the first switching valve and the first switching valve via the first check valve.
Apply biloft pressure in the direction that is the off-cent position of the switching valve. Pilot pressure is applied from the first switching valve at the normal position or from the second switching valve at the offset position in the direction of the normal position of the second switching valve via the throttle. From the first switching valve at the offset position, remove the pilot pressure in the direction of the second switching valve's offset position, and from the second switching valve at the normal position, remove the pilot pressure in the direction of the first switching valve's normal position. The pilot pressure in the direction of the off-cent position of the first switching valve is removed through the throttle. From the first switching valve in the offset position or the second switching valve in the normal position, the pilot pressure in the direction of the switching valve's normal position is removed via the check valve. An artificial respiration device characterized in that an inspiratory gas from an inspiratory gas pressure source is supplied to a mask according to a pilot pressure from a first or second switching valve. (2) The artificial body according to claim 1, wherein the intake gas from the intake gas pressure source is supplied via an on-off valve that responds to pilot pressure from a first or second switching valve. breathing apparatus. (3) The diaphragm slits are provided in multiple constrictions in relation to each other. 3. The artificial respiration apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the manner in which these throttles are connected is changed by a switching valve. (4) A pilot port to which high-lot pressure is applied in a direction that sets the first switching valve to an offset position. The artificial respiration apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pilot boat to which pilot pressure is applied in the direction of the normal position of the second switching valve is connected to a variable volume tank, respectively. . (5) Pyro 7) Ported to which biloft pressure is applied in the direction of the offset position of the first switching valve. A tank group consisting of a plurality of tanks connected in relation to each other is connected to the pilot boat to which pilot pressure is applied in the direction of the normal position of the second switching valve. 3. The artificial respiration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the connection mode of the tanks included in each tank group is changed by a switching valve in each group.