JPS6054073B2 - Opening device for carbon dioxide absorption canister in circulation type respirator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for opening a carbon dioxide absorption can provided in a circulation type respirator.

In a typical prior art technique, a thin copper sealing plate is soldered to the connection port of a carbon dioxide gas absorption can to seal the inside of the can.

When in use, first open the protective cover that covers the carbon dioxide absorption canister and other components of the respiratory system, then use a cutter with an obtuse angle to break the sealing plate, and then insert the connection port into the respiratory circulation circuit. Connect to. In such prior art, multiple manual operations are required to break the seal of the carbon dioxide gas absorption can, which is troublesome during emergency fire extinguishing operations, and moreover, is prone to malfunction.

Furthermore, if the sealing plate is not completely broken, breathing resistance is large and breathing becomes difficult. Furthermore, since the sealing plate must be soldered to the connection port of the carbon dioxide absorbent can every time the carbon dioxide absorbent is refilled, productivity is poor. The present invention has been made in view of the drawbacks of the prior art as described above, and includes:
The main object of the present invention is to provide an improved device for opening a carbon dioxide gas absorption can with excellent operability.

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

This closed circulation respirator consists of 1 mask and 2 carbon dioxide gas absorption canisters.
are connected to each other by an exhalation pipe 3, the carbon dioxide absorption can 2 and the breathing bag 4 are connected to each other by a conduit 5, and the breathing bag 4 is connected to the mask 1 via an inhalation pipe 6 to form a respiratory circulation circuit 7. is configured. An exhaust valve 8 is connected to the breathing bag 4 to release gas into the atmosphere when the pressure within the circuit 7 rises abnormally. A constant flow of oxygen is supplied to the respiratory circulation circuit 7 from a gas source 9 . In the gas source 9, high-pressure oxygen from the oxygen cylinder 10 is guided from a manual blocking valve 11 to a pressure reducing valve 12 and reduced in pressure.
The reduced pressure oxygen is supplied to the respiratory circulation circuit 7 via the quantitative supply throttle 13. When the pressure in the respiratory circulation 1 circuit 7 drops abnormally, the automatic replenishment valve 14 opens and oxygen is supplied to the circuit 7. According to the present invention, when the blocking valve 11 is opened during use of the respirator, the opening device 15 is activated by the pressure of oxygen led from the oxygen cylinder 10 via the blocking valve 11 and the conduit 55. The gas absorption can 2 is opened and the carbon dioxide absorption can 2 is communicated between the exhalation pipe 3 and the conduit 5.

FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the carbon dioxide gas absorption can 2 and the release device 15.

A carbon dioxide absorbent 17 is housed in a cylindrical can body 16 of the carbon dioxide absorption can 2. A lid 18 for refilling the carbon dioxide absorbent 17 is fastened to one end (left side in FIG. 2) of the can body 16 with a screw 19. The other end of the can body 16 (second
The exhaled air flowing in from the inlet 20 on the right side of the figure is passed through the perforated plate 21 →
Carbon dioxide gas is removed from the exhaled breath through the carbon dioxide absorbent 17 -> filter 22 -> porous plate 23 - ventilation hole 24 -> central passage 25 and the purified gas reaches the outlet 26 . Opening device 15
The valve seat 27 is fixed to the other end of the carbon dioxide absorption can 2, and has circular valve holes 28 and 29 opening at the inlet 20 and outlet 26, respectively.

The main body 30 of the opening device 15 is screwed onto the valve seat 27 by a screw member 31 extending along the axis of the can body 16 . The polygonal head 32 of the screw member 31 connects the knob 33 with the spring 3.
By pushing against the elastic force of 4, the knob 3
It can be fitted into the locking hole 35 formed in 3,
In the fitted state, the main body 30 can be attached and detached from the valve seat 27 by turning the knob 33 and the screw member 31. Such a structure prevents the screw member 31 from loosening inadvertently and ensures reliability. Helps maintain proper screw connection. 3 shows the front of the opening device 15, FIG. 4 shows the right side of the opening device 15, and FIGS. 5 and 6 show the section line
The cross sections seen from −■ and ■−■ are shown.

Referring to these drawings, main body 30 has connection ports 36 and 37 connected to exhalation pipe 3 and conduit 5, respectively. Flow path portions 38 and 39 having circular cross sections parallel to the axis of the can body 16 are formed in the middle of the flow paths connecting the connection ports 36 and 37 to the valve holes 28 and 29, respectively. Rings 40, 41 are connected to springs 42, 43 in these flow path portions 38, 39.
is elastically biased toward the valve seat 27 side by the valve seat 27 side. Valve plate 4
4 is in sliding contact with the valve seat 27, and the boss 45 of the valve plate 44 is loosely fitted into the screw member 31.

The rings 40 and 41 press the valve plate 44 against the valve seat 28 by the spring force of the springs 42 and 43 to maintain airtightness in the valve closed state when the valve holes 28 and 29 are closed by the valve plate 44. This serves to prevent the carbon dioxide absorbent 17 from absorbing carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere and become incapacitated, and also to prevent gas from leaking between the inlet 28 and the outlet 29 due to a short circuit. do. The valve plate 44 has the valve hole 28 of the valve seat 27,
Ventilation holes 46 and 47 are bored corresponding to the holes 29. Valve seat 2
7 and the valve plate 44 form the main part of the rotary valve. A pin 49 fixed to the main body 30 is engaged with an arcuate notch 48 partially provided in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the valve plate 44, thereby regulating the range of rotation angle of the valve plate 44. Therefore, the valve hole 28 of the valve seat 27
, 29 and the vent holes 46, 47 of the valve plate 44 are reliably maintained in the open state shown in FIGS. 2, 5, and 6, respectively, in almost perfect alignment, thereby preventing an undesired increase in breathing resistance. I can escape. The boss 45 of the valve plate 44 has a lever 50 extending radially.
is fixed. The free end 50a of the lever 50 is connected to the torsion spring 5.
1, and the other end of the torsion spring 51 is pivotally connected to a pin 52 erected on the main body 30. A single acting cylinder 54 having a piston rod 53 that can come into contact with the free end 50a of the lever 50 is fixed to the main body 30. The head chamber of the cylinder 54 is connected by a conduit 55 to the outlet boat of the blocking valve 11. The piston 56 and therefore the piston rod 53 are displaced toward the cylinder head by the spring 57. Another lever 58 is fixed to the boss 45 of the valve plate 44 and extends on the same radius line of the boss 45 in the opposite direction to the lever 50 .

This lever 58 is used to manually rotate the boss 45 and therefore the valve plate 44, and the lever 58 is also used to manually rotate the boss 45 and therefore the valve plate 44.
By writing characters indicating the valve open state and the valve closed state at the rotation angle positions on the main body 30 of 8, the open and closed states of the valve can be displayed at a glance. Lever 5
0 and 58 contact stopper surfaces 59 and 60 (see FIG. 5) formed on the main body 30, respectively, in the valve open state, and contact stopper surfaces 61, 62, respectively, in the valve open state.

Therefore, the levers 50, 58 and the stopper surfaces 59-62, together with the combination of the notch 48 and pin 49 in FIG.
The same rotation angle range of the valve plate 44 is restricted. A drain pipe 64 whose lower end is sealed with a plug 63 is connected to the lower part of the connecting end 36 with the exhalation pipe 3 to prevent moisture contained in exhaled breath from flowing into the carbon dioxide absorption can 2. Let's talk about the operation.

When the respiratory apparatus and the carbon dioxide absorption can 2 are not in use, the opening device 15 is in the state shown by the solid line in FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. The rotation angles of the valve seat 27 and the valve holes 28 , 29 around the threaded member 31 are completely offset, so that the opening device 15 seals the carbon dioxide absorbent 17 inside the can 16 . When the blocking valve 11 is opened when using this respiratory device, oxygen from the oxygen cylinder 10 passes through the pressure reducing valve 12 and the restrictor 13 to the respiratory circulation circuit 7.
and J are supplied to the opening device 15 via the conduit 55.
guided by.

In the above-mentioned opening device 15 when not in use, the conduit 55 is now
When oxygen is introduced, the pressure of the oxygen causes the piston 56 to move upward in FIG. 3 against the elastic force of the spring 57. Accordingly, the piston rod 53 moves toward the free end 50a of the lever 50.
Press. Therefore, the position of the free end 50a of the lever 50 is pushed by the tip of the piston rod 53, and the screw member 31 and pin 5
When the spring 51 crosses the straight line connecting the levers 50, 5
Rotate the lever 50 in the counterclockwise direction in FIGS. 3 and 5 until the lever 50 comes into contact with the stop surfaces 62 and 61, respectively. hold. By rotating the lever 50, the valve plate 44 is moved to the sixth position.
In the state shown in the figure, the vent holes 46, 47 of the valve plate 44 and the valve holes 28, 29 of the valve seat 27 overlap, and the valve is in the open state as shown in the second figure. Therefore, the carbon dioxide absorption can 2 is opened to the respiratory circulation circuit 7 and becomes ready for use. When the stop valve 11 is open, oxygen pressure continues to act on the piston 56, and the tip of the piston rod 53 is maintained at a position beyond the chain line 1 in FIG. Therefore, if the valve plate 4 is
4 malfunctions in the closing direction, the tip 50a of the lever 50 will not go beyond the chain line 1, and therefore the direction of action of the rotational component of the elastic force of the torsion spring 51 will not change, so the valve plate 44 will not close again. It rotates in the opening direction and returns to the state shown in FIG. There is thus no risk of the valve plate 44 occluding the breathing circuit during use. When the blocking valve 11 of the cylinder 10 is closed in the opening device 15 once opened, the pressure of oxygen pushing the piston 56 is released.

Therefore, the reaction force of the spring 57 overcomes and pushes the piston 56 back, and the tip of the piston rod 53 retreats from the chain line 1 in FIG. It is also possible to reseal the can 2 by rotating it clockwise (in FIG. 5). This makes it possible to easily perform various tests on the circulatory respiratory system. In the unlikely event that the cylinder 54 fails to operate with oxygen from the oxygen cylinder 10, the release device 15 can be opened by manually operating the lever 58. As described above, the spring 51 forcibly maintains the valve in the open state when the free end 50a of the lever 50 crosses the straight line 1 connecting the screw member 31 and the pin 52, so that the opening device 15 is shut off during use. There is no risk of doing so.

FIG. 7 shows a cross section of another embodiment of the invention.

The valve body 61 that can slide on the outer periphery of the cylinder 60 is
When the respiratory apparatus is not in use, it is pressed against the valve seat 63 by the spring 62, and the intake passage 64 is blocked. At the same time, the valve body 66 integrated with the piston 65 and the valve seat 63 is
It is pressed against the valve seat 68 by a spring 67, and the exhalation passage 69 is blocked. In use, the first illustrated blocking valve 11
When opened, the piston 65 and therefore the valve body 66 are displaced by the pressure of the oxygen introduced from the conduit 55 against the elastic force of the spring 67, and the valve body 66 separates from the valve seat 68 and exhales. Passage 69 opens. According to the displacement of the valve body 66, the valve body 61 is moved by the spring 6.
2, but the stopper 70 prevents the position from changing to a small extent. Since the displacement of the piston 65 and therefore the valve body 66 is larger than the allowable range of the responsive displacement of the valve body 61 due to the spring 62, the valve body 61 also separates from the valve seat 63 and the intake passage 64 opens. In a further embodiment of the invention, the pressure for actuating the opening device 15 is
It may be a secondary pressure from 2 or alternatively a dilution or
The pressure of helium gas, nitrogen gas, or a mixture thereof may be used as the gas.

The invention can also be implemented in connection with so-called semi-closed circulation respirators, in which there is no automatic replenishment valve 14 and the flow rate of the restriction 13 is selected to be relatively large. In the embodiments of the present invention, it is easy to convert the intake passage and the exhalation passage into each other. As described above, according to the present invention, when using a circulation type respirator, the fluid actuator is activated by the essential operation of operating the gas source and supplying gas from the gas source to the respiratory circulation circuit. Since the carbon dioxide absorption canister is released by opening the carbon dioxide absorption canister, there is no need for any special manual operation to open the carbon dioxide absorption canister, making it extremely easy to use the respirator in an emergency. The fluid actuator here is realized by a configuration including a lever 50, a spring 51, a piston rod 53, a cylinder 54, a piston 56, a spring 57, etc. in the embodiment shown in FIGS. Further, the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is realized by a configuration including a cylinder 60, a spring 62, a piston 65, a spring 67, and the like.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an overall system diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a carbon dioxide absorption can 2 and an opening device 15 of an embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 3 is a front view of the opening device 15. 4 is a right side view, FIGS. 5 and 6 are simplified cross-sectional views taken along the lines ■-■ and ■-■ in FIG. 2, and FIG. FIG. 3 is an example cross-sectional view. 1...mask, 2...carbon dioxide absorption canister, 3...exhalation tube, 4...breathing bag, 6...
...Inhalation pipe, 7...Respiratory circulation circuit, 9...
...Gas source, 10...Oxygen cylinder, 11...
... Blocking valve, 12 ... Pressure reducing valve, 13 ... Fixed amount supply throttle, 15 ... Opening device, 27 ...
・Valve seat, 28, 29... Valve hole, 30...
・Opening device main body, 31...screw member, 44...
... Valve plate, 45 ... Boss, 46, 47 ... Ventilation hole, 50 ... Louver, 51 ... Torsion spring, 52 ... Zen, 53. ... Zeston stick,
56...Zeston, 57...Spring.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Carbon dioxide absorption in a circulation type respirator, which is constructed by connecting a mask, a carbon dioxide absorption canister, and a breathing bag to form a breathing circulation circuit, and connecting a gas source that supplies the gas necessary for breathing to the breathing circulation circuit. The can opening device includes a fluid actuator that responds to gas supplied from the gas source, and a valve that opens the carbon dioxide absorption can to the circuit by the response of the fluid actuator. A device for opening carbon dioxide gas absorption cans in circulation type respirators.