JPS6053912B2 - pneumatic calculator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pneumatic arithmetic unit that uses air pressure as a signal, and more particularly to a pneumatic arithmetic unit that is optimal for performing multiplication and division without having any sliding parts.

Conventionally, the following two methods have been considered for realizing a pneumatic arithmetic unit that performs multiplication and division.

1) A method of slidingly changing the fulcrum of force using a force balance method.

(2) A non-sliding method that combines a force balance method and a tangent law mechanism.

The former has disadvantages of reduced calculation accuracy and short life due to friction and wear of the sliding parts.

The latter has the disadvantage that multiplication and division cannot be performed simultaneously. FIG. 1 shows an example of a non-sliding multiplier. Input P
1 is guided to bellows 1, and input P2 is guided to bellows 2. An output Po of a pilot valve 6 that amplifies the back pressure of a nozzle 5 that detects the displacement of the balanced beam 4 is led to the bellows 3 . Bellows 2 is activated by spring 7 due to input P2.
, and displaces the force beam 8 by an angle Θ. The pilot valve 6 is supplied with supply air Ps, and the nozzle 5 is also supplied with the supply air Ps via the throttle 9.
The balance of forces around the force point 10 in such a configuration is shown in FIG. F, and F. are P and Po, respectively.
is a force vector proportional to , and F is a composite vector of F and Fo. In order for the point of force 10 to not be displaced, the direction of the resultant vector F only needs to match the direction of the force beam 8. That is, tanΘ=F0/F1=−P
0/P,...(1) Here is a ■constant, and ΘccP,
(2), and in a small range Θ, the following equation is obtained from equations (1) to (3).

Here, a multiplication operation is performed with K''=constant.

FIG. 3 shows the principle of a divider using a similar method, and FIG. 4 shows the balance of the force vectors.

The configuration of the divider is similar to the multiplier shown in Figure 1, but
This can be realized by reversing the position of the nozzle 5 and the input and output to the bellows 1 and 3. In this case, the calculation is as follows. Here, K″″=constant The above multiplier/divider is a single-function calculator for multiplication or division, so for multiplication and division such as pressure/temperature correction in the case of flow measurement, two units for multiplication and division are required. Arithmetic units must be connected in series.

This causes a decrease in calculation accuracy and an increase in cost. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic calculator that can perform multiplication and division operations simultaneously in a non-sliding manner.

The present invention enables simultaneous multiplication and division operations by interlocking the tangent law mechanism parts of two sets of force balance and tangent law mechanisms.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

Fixed bellows 11 and 12 each have a balanced beam 1
3 and 14 are connected. Force points 15 and 16 are provided at the tips of these balanced beams 13 and 14 having a predetermined length, and force beams 17 and 18 are connected to each other.
A connecting rod 19 connects portions of each force beam 17 and 18 with a predetermined length. Further, a bellows 20 is connected to the extension point of the connecting rod 19, and a spring 21 is applied between the tip of the force beam 17 and the fixed part of the bellows 20, and the force beam 17 is pulled in the direction of the bellows 20. It's tense. Further, bellows 22 and 23 are provided connected to each of the balanced beams 13 and 14, and an input P1 is introduced into the bellows 22, and an input P3 is introduced into the bellows 23. On the other hand, in the opposite direction to the bellows 22, 23 and at the force points 15, 1
Supply air P is supplied through throttles 26 and 27, which are provided with nozzles 24 and 25, respectively, at locations close to 6.
Furthermore, the supply air Ps is introduced into the bellows 11 via the pilot valve 28, and this change results in an output P. used as. Further, the bellows 11 receives an output P after amplifying the back pressure of the nozzle 24 with the pilot valve 28 . is being guided. Each displacement of the balanced beams 13, 14 is determined by the nozzle 24,
25. The back pressure in the balance beams 13, 14 is directed into the bellows 20 and resists the spring 21, causing the force beams 17 and 18 to tilt by the same angle θ. The balance of forces around the force point 15 is similar to the above equation (1),
where A=constant Also, the balance of forces around the force point 16 is similarly expressed as here A
''=constant, and from equations (6) and (7), the relationship B=constant is obtained here, and therefore simultaneous multiplication and division operations are possible.

In the above embodiment, the back pressure of the nozzle 25 is controlled by the bellows 2.
However, by appropriately selecting the detection direction of the displacement of the balanced beams 13 and 14, this can be changed to the bellows 22 and 2.
3 or bellows 12 and 11 in parallel, similar calculations are possible.

Three different inputs and an output as feedback will be introduced to the other four bellows to which the back pressure of the nozzle 25 is not introduced. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the invention.

The embodiment of FIG. 6 differs from the embodiment of FIG. 5 in that the force generated by the bellows 22 and 11 or
The structure is such that the forces generated by 3 and 12 act on the balance beams 30 and 31 from the sides, respectively.

That is, one ends of the balance beams 30 and 31 are in contact with a fixed surface, and are connected to these at a predetermined interval and with an angular difference of 90 degrees. Further, the nozzles 24 and 25 are installed at the other ends of the balanced beams 30 and 31, respectively. Further, each of the force points 15, 16 is provided at a connection point between the bellows 11, 12 and the balance beams 30, 31, and force beams 32, 33 are connected to these force points. The other ends of the force beams 32, 33 are connected by a connecting rod 34, and the force beams 32, 33 swing at the same angle. Although there is a difference in arrangement as described above, the principle of operation is the same as in the case of FIG. 5, and the relationship of equation (8) holds. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, bellows 35 and 36 corresponding to the bellows 11 and 12 in FIG. 5 are provided,
The structure is such that the forces generated by these are parallel to force beams 37 and 38 corresponding to force beams 17 and 18 shown in FIG. 5, respectively.

The bellows 35, 36 are double bellows, and are attached to the tips of force beams 37, 38, and further force beams 39 and 40 are attached to the ends of the bellows. Force beams 39 and 40 are connecting rods 4
1, and this connecting rod 41 is connected to the bellows 20. One end of the balance beams 13, 14 is a force point 15, 1
6, and the other end is in contact with the fixed surface. Also, the fifth
Bellows 22, 23 and nozzle 24 as shown in the figure.
, 25 are provided. In this embodiment as well, the balance of forces at the point of effort is the same as in the case of FIG. 5, and the relationship of equation (8) holds true. Above, three examples have been shown as examples, but in principle, the input P2 of the bellows 2 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 is connected to supply P, and the nozzle 5 of FIG. If the input P2 is introduced in place of the input P1 of the bellows 1 in Fig. 1, and the input P3 is introduced in place of the output PO of the bellows 3 in Fig. 1, the number of bellows will increase, but the functionality will be improved. The same result as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is obtained. Furthermore, in the embodiment of FIG. 5, the bellows 11,
Each of 12, 22, and 23 is connected to other air pressure such as a diaphragm.
The effect of the present invention remains the same even if the bellows 20 is replaced by a force transducing element and other pneumatic displacement elements, such as multiple diaphragms.

As is clear from the above, according to the present invention, simultaneous multiplication and division operations can be performed using a non-sliding method.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional multiplier, Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram of the force balance of the multiplier in Figure 1, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional divider, and Figure 4 is the division diagram in Figure 3. 5 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention. 11, 12, 20, 22, 23, 37, 38... bellows, 13, 14, 30, 31... balanced beam, 15
, 16... emphasis, 17, 18, 32, 33, 37, 3
8, 39, 40... force beam, 19, 34, 4
1... Connecting rod, 24, 25... Nozzle, 28...
pilot valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Two sets of balanced beams that receive forces in different directions, two sets of force beams connected to one end of each balanced beam, and the force beams have equal inclination angles with respect to the balanced beams. It is equipped with a displacement means for displacing the beams, and two sets of detection means for detecting the displacement of each of the balanced beams, the detection force of one of the detection means is applied to the displacement means, and the detection force of the other is used as a calculation output. A pneumatic computing device characterized in that, at the same time as taking out the output, forces corresponding to the multiplication/division operation input and the operation output are applied to the two sets of balanced beams, respectively. 2. Two sets of balance beams that receive forces in different directions from two pneumatic force conversion elements, two sets of force beams connected to one end of each of the balance beams, and a connecting rod that connects the force beams to each other. , an air pressure-displacement conversion element that changes the inclination angle of each of the force beams with respect to each of the balance beams via the connecting rod, and two sets of detection means for detecting the displacement of each of the balance beams, the detection means Adding the detected force of one of the means to the air pressure-displacement conversion element and taking out the detected force of the other as a calculation output, and applying forces corresponding to the multiplication/division calculation input and calculation output to the two sets of balanced beams, respectively. A pneumatic calculator featuring: