JPS6053198B2 - Compressor unit for Rankine cycle engine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a compressor unit for a Rankine cycle engine used in a heating and cooling system having a compressor driven by a Rankine cycle working fluid.

Conventional air conditioners and heaters that use heat sources such as city gas or oil are absorption type, but the first type performs cooling or freezing as an absorption refrigerator in the summer, and functions as a boiler in the winter. However, small and small capacity devices have the disadvantage of low efficiency.

The present invention eliminates the disadvantage of low thermal efficiency of conventional systems and significantly improves thermal efficiency, especially in winter, by using a compression type refrigeration cycle driven by a Rankine cycle engine. The present invention aims to provide an efficient engine compressor structure. In general, a prime mover using a Rankine cycle, a suitable heating medium (for example, LuO, etc.) is heated in a boiler to generate high-temperature, high-pressure steam, which is passed through a prime mover such as a turbine and converted into mechanical energy.

The heat medium vapor that leaves the prime mover is usually liquefied in a condenser and pumped into the boiler again to repeat the cycle.The driving force obtained from the prime mover at this time drives the compressor that performs the refrigeration cycle. A refrigeration cycle normally uses a refrigerant to construct an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, and a throttle device, and in the summer, cools the room by using the latent heat of the refrigerant that evaporates at low temperatures.

At this time, the heat absorbed at low temperature is radiated in the condenser,
In winter, this cycle can be used as is and the heat from the condenser can be used for heating. In this case, outside air, underground water, etc. can be considered as a heat source that provides heat on the low temperature side. The product coefficient of such a compression type refrigeration cycle is 4 to 5 in summer and 2 to 3 in winter, and in winter, it is possible to extract a larger amount of heat than the amount of heat of the used fuel. When combining such a refrigeration cycle and a cycle on the prime mover side, it is preferable to use the same medium as the heating medium and the refrigerant, but if such a heating medium is selected, the two cycles can be effectively combined to create a compact design. The most important problem is to create a compact device.

The present invention converts the pressure energy of a high-temperature, high-pressure working fluid into work using a positive displacement expander when driving a compressor using a Rankine cycle prime mover to operate a heating and cooling cycle, and converts the refrigerant vapor of the heating and cooling cycle into work. By performing compression using a compressor that is integrally formed with the expander, we have solved the above problems that were difficult to solve in the past.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a compressor unit for a Rankine cycle engine that is highly efficient, compact, and lightweight. The present invention provides a compressor unit for a Rankine cycle engine used in an air conditioning system in which a refrigeration cycle is performed by a compressor connected to a Rankine cycle engine, which includes an expander operated by high temperature and high pressure working fluid, and a compressor unit that compresses refrigerant fluid. A plurality of expander pistons of the expander and a plurality of compressor pistons of the compressor are integrally formed to form a plurality of integral pistons, and the integral pistons are mutually connected. arranged parallel to the integral screw. A rotary swash plate that rotates around a rotation axis parallel to the ton is provided, and the tip of the integral piston contacts the rotary swash plate via a sliding mechanism and is combined so as to be mutually drivable, and flows into the expander. a working fluid distribution valve that distributes working fluid; and a refrigerant flowing into the compressor. A compressor unit for a Rankine cycle engine, characterized in that a refrigerant fluid distribution valve for distributing fluid is provided in conjunction with the rotating shaft.

The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, an expander 1 as a Rankine engine is assembled integrally to drive a compressor 2 and a liquid pump 3.

First, a heating medium 7 as a working fluid sealed in a heating medium generator 4 such as a boiler is turned into a fuel (gas, kerosene, etc.) by a burner 5.
The heating medium turns into steam. This steam is pipe 8
It enters the expander 1 through the pump, performs mechanical work, and then exits through the discharge pipe 9 and enters the heat transfer condenser 6. At this time, the steam is liquefied by the cooling air from the blower 20 driven by the motor 21, and the steam is liquefied.
The heat medium is returned to the heat medium steam generator 4 through the pipe 13, and the cycle is repeated. On the other hand, the compressor 2 driven by the expander 1 is a refrigeration compressor, which sucks and compresses refrigerant vapor filled in the system through a pipe 16, and sends it to the condenser 10 via a discharge pipe 17. ), cooling air is blown by the blower 53, and the refrigerant vapor is liquefied in the condenser 10.The liquefied refrigerant enters the evaporator 15 through the piping 11 and the throttle device 14 (for example, a capillary tube), and is evaporated in the condenser 10. The latent heat is used to create cold air for cooling purposes.18
is a blower driven by a motor 19, which sends cold air produced by the evaporator 15 into the room.

The refrigerant gas evaporated in the evaporator 15 is sucked into the compressor 2 through the pipe 16, and the same cycle is repeated. The above is for cooling, but when heating, outside air is blown onto the evaporator 15 by the blower 18 in the same cycle.
The refrigerant gas that has absorbed heat and evaporated is sucked into the compressor 2 through the pipe 16, compressed, and discharged to the condenser 10.

In this step, heat is applied to the air sent by the blower 53, the refrigerant gas is condensed and liquefied, and the air is heated and used for heating. 54 is a motor for driving the blower 53.

Thereafter, the liquefied refrigerant returns to the evaporator 15 again through the piping 11 and the expansion device 14, and repeats the cycle. During heating, the cooling air that passes through the heat medium condenser 6 for the expander 1 is also
Since its temperature is high, it can be used for heating purposes, increasing the thermal efficiency of the entire system. The present invention provides an expander 1, a compressor 2, and a liquid pump 3 that operate in such a system.
(regarding the structure and composition of the system). This will be explained with reference to FIG. The expander is configured in the upper part of FIG. 2, and the expander cylinder 22 receives high-temperature, high-pressure heat medium vapor from the steam pipe 8 through passages 25 and 27, and uses this pressure to move the piston 23. Push down.

The lower end of the piston 23 is formed into a spherical joint 31, contacts the rotating refrigerant 32 via a shoe 30, and rotates the swash plate 32 as the piston 23 descends. The swash plate 32 is supported by a thrust bearing 40 and a radial bearing 41. Usually, several of the pistons 23 are connected to the rotation shaft 33 of the swash plate 32.
It is arranged parallel to the rotation axis 33 around the rotation axis 33. Further, a rotary valve 26 is integrally attached to the upper end of the rotating shaft 33, and rotates with the rotation of the rotating shaft 33, and heat medium steam passages 27 open to adjacent cylinders in sequence to distribute high-pressure steam. Go around. The piston on the left side of Fig. 2 shows the position when the heat medium vapor has expanded to the bottom dead center, and in this position, the heat medium vapor outlet passage 24 provided in the rotary valve 26 is just at the top of the cylinder. It is arranged to open. Therefore, as the piston rises from this position, the heat medium vapor is guided to the discharge pipe 9 through the passage 24 and the outlet passage 55. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the relative positions of the steam passages provided in the rotary valve 26. An annular passage 50 is provided between the rotary valve 26 and the engine body 49, and from the passage 24 The emerging heat transfer medium vapor passes through this annular passage 50 and enters the discharge pipe 9 from the outlet passage 55 .

In this way, when high-pressure steam is sent from the steam pipe 8, the swash plate 32 is rotated by the movement of the piston 23.
After the steam has done its work, it exits to the discharge pipe 9. The work of the expander 1 is consumed in compressing the refrigerating gas by the piston 23 and the compressor piston 28 integrally formed in a stepped cylindrical shape. The low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas that performs the refrigeration cycle enters the suction chamber 37 from the pipe 16 through a passage hole 38 formed in the engine body 49. This suction chamber 37 is surrounded by a rotary valve 34 attached to the rotating shaft 33 and a casing wall 56, and the refrigerant gas passes through suction passages 36 and 35 provided in the rotary valve 34 to the compressor cylinder. Sucked into 29. The suction passage 36 opens into the suction passage 35 of the compressor piston 28 during the suction stroke when the compressor piston 28 is descending.
The refrigerant gas is provided in the rotary valve 34 and supplies refrigerant gas to the pistons that are sequentially rotating and descending. 39 is a discharge check valve through which the refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor piston 28 is sent to the compressed gas discharge pipe 17.

FIG. 4 shows a cross section of the compressor piston 28 and the suction and discharge passages cut along the same plane, and shows a case where four pistons are used as an example.

The suction passage 36 is a hole that is long in the rotation direction in order to supply refrigerant gas to the compressor piston 28 while the rotary valve 34 rotates. In addition, 5 which is a circular passage
2 is a header for collectively sending out the refrigerant discharged from each piston to the compressed gas discharge pipe 17. Next, as shown in FIG.
from the piston 4 via the connecting rod 44 and the piston pin 51.
6 to send the liquid from the suction pipe 12 to the discharge pipe 13.

47 and 48 are a suction check valve and a discharge check valve, respectively.

45 indicates a cylinder of the liquid pump 3.

The embodiment described above is constructed and operates as described above, so that the expander, compressor, and pump sections are integrated into one unit, forming the expander section and the compressor section as a single stepped piston. By arranging it parallel to the rotary refrigeration shaft, it is compact, and by arranging the liquid pump part at the end opposite to the expander, it avoids the influence of high heat from the expander. This has the effect of preventing the volumetric efficiency from decreasing due to re-evaporation of the heat transfer liquid within the tank. Another advantage of this arrangement is that since the pistons are arranged parallel to each other around the axis, the entire piston can be made into a cylindrical shape, making it the most suitable shape to receive the pressure of high pressure gas. It's possible. Furthermore, another advantage of this structure is that the heating medium vapor is distributed to the expander cylinder by a rotating rotary valve, so the gap between the top of the piston and the rotary valve can be practically reduced to near zero. , it is possible to maintain high volumetric efficiency.

The operation of this machine does not change at all whether it is in cooling mode or heating mode.

The present invention provides a compressor unit for a Rankine cycle engine used in an air conditioning system in which a refrigeration cycle is performed by a compressor connected to a Rankine cycle engine, which includes an expander operated by high temperature and high pressure working fluid, and a compressor unit that compresses refrigerant fluid. a plurality of expander pistons of the expander and a plurality of compressor pistons of the compressor are integrated to form a plurality of integral pistons;
The integral pistons are arranged parallel to each other and include a rotating swash plate that rotates around a rotation axis parallel to the integral pistons, and the tips of the integral pistons are in contact with the rotating swash plate via a sliding mechanism so that they are mutually connected. A working fluid distribution valve that distributes the working fluid flowing into the expander and a refrigerant fluid distribution valve that distributes the refrigerant fluid flowing into the compressor are provided in conjunction with the rotating shaft. As a result, it is possible to provide a compressor unit for a Rankine cycle engine that is highly efficient, compact, and lightweight, and has extremely large practical effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings relate to embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of the air conditioning system, FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the unit, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along line I-1 in FIG. 2, and FIG. The figure is in Figure 2.
FIG. 1... Expander, 2... Compressor, 3... Liquid pump,
4... Heat medium steam generator, 5... Burner, 6... Heat medium condenser, 7... Heat medium, 8... Steam piping, 9...
・・Discharge pipe, 10・・Condenser, 11, 12, 13・
... Piping, 14... Throttle device, 15... Evaporator, 16
...Piping, 17...Compressed gas discharge pipe, 18...Blower, 19...Motor, 20...Blower, 21...
- Motor, 22... Expander cylinder, 23... Zestone, 24... Passage, 25... Passage, 26... Rotary valve, 27... Passage, 28... Compressor piston, 29 ...Compressor cylinder, 30...Shoe, 3
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Spherical joint, 32... Swash plate, 33... Rotating shaft, 34... Rotary valve, 35... Suction passage, 3
6... Suction passage, 37... Suction chamber, 38... Passage hole, 39... Discharge check valve, 40... Thrust bearing, 41... Radial bearing, 42... Crankshaft, 4
3... Bearing, 44... Connecting rod, 45... Liquid pump cylinder, 46... Zestone, 47... Suction check valve, 48... Discharge check valve, 49... Engine body, 50 ... Annular passage, 51 ... Piston pin, 5
2...Header, 53...Blower, 54...Motor, 55...Exit passage, 56...Casing wall.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a compressor unit for a Rankine cycle engine used in an air conditioning system in which a refrigeration cycle is performed by a compressor connected to a Rankine cycle engine, an expander operated by high temperature and high pressure working fluid, and a refrigerant fluid A compressor that performs compression is integrally provided, and a plurality of expander pistons of the expander and a plurality of compressor pistons of the compressor are integrally formed to form a plurality of integral pistons, and the integral The pistons are arranged parallel to each other and include a rotating swash plate that rotates around a rotation axis parallel to the integral piston, and the tips of the integral piston contact the rotating swash plate via a sliding mechanism so that they can drive each other. A working fluid distribution valve that distributes the working fluid flowing into the expander and a refrigerant fluid distribution valve that distributes the refrigerant fluid flowing into the compressor are provided in conjunction with the rotating shaft. A compressor unit for Rankine cycle engines featuring: 2. The unit according to claim 1, wherein the compressor piston has a stepped cylindrical shape. 3. The unit according to claim 1, wherein the rotating shaft is provided with a pump mechanism at one end thereof. 4. The unit of claim 1, wherein the working fluid distribution valve and the refrigerant fluid distribution valve are rotary valves.