JPS6050399B2 - detergent composition - Google Patents

Abstract

A high-foaming liquid detergent composition, suitable inter alia for hand dishwashing, contains from 2 to 60% by weight of an active detergent system including a dialkyl sulphosuccinate (at least 2%), and also contains an added magnesium salt providing from 0.02 to 0.24% by weight of magnesium ions. The last-mentioned ingredient gives improved product stability, as demonstrated by a lower clear point, and increased viscosity at low concentrations, as well as enhanced soft water foaming performance.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to high foaming liquid detergent compositions that are suitable for use in textile washing, jumping, and especially manual dishwashing operations in both hard and soft water.

4 As used herein, the term food refers to food particles and other food residues, greases, proteins, starches, gums, detergents,
Refers to any household product involved in the preparation or consumption of food that needs to be washed to separate oil and combustion organic residues. British Patent No. 1,429,637 (Unilever) discloses a handwash containing a water-soluble salt of a di(C7-C9) alkyl ester of sulfosuccinic acid in combination with an alkyl sulfate or an alkyl ether sulfate as a detergent active. describes a dishwashing composition.

British Patent No. 2,108,5, British Patent No. 2,104
, 913, British Patent No. 2,105,325, European Patent No. 71,413 and European Patent No. 71,414 (
(Unilever) describes high foaming cleaning compositions based on certain dialkyl sulfosuccinates, especially those with C9 and C8 chains.

British Patent No. 1,164,854 (Shell)
describes the inclusion of 0.5 to 1% by volume of water-soluble inorganic magnesium salts in aqueous liquid detergent compositions based on alkyl ether sulfates or alkyl or aryl sulfonates together with nonionic detergents. .

) The present invention is based on the observation that the presence of small amounts of magnesium ions derived from added electrolytes in dialkyl sulfosuccinate-based liquid detergent compositions provides both performance and formulation advantages.

The present invention therefore provides a clear, stable aqueous solution containing from 2 to 6% by weight of an active detergent containing at least 2% by weight, preferably at least 5% by weight, of a water-soluble salt of a dialkyl sulfosuccinic acid, based on the total composition. effervescent liquid detergent compositions containing at least 0.02% by weight of magnesium salts derived from added electrolytes.

According to the invention, the magnesium ions reach the composition as part of an added water-soluble magnesium salt, such as magnesium sulfate, chloride, or toluene or xylene sulfonate. The presence of magnesium ions has been found to provide improved foaming performance in very soft water.

This effect has already been observed with detergent actives other than dialkyl sulfosuccinates, such as alkylbenzene sulfonates, but the addition of magnesium salts increases both cloud and clear points and is generally detrimental to low temperature product stability. It is. The cloud point is described as the temperature at which a composition loses its transparency as the external temperature is lowered, and the clear point is described as the temperature at which a clear solution reproduces upon increasing the external temperature again. Surprisingly, the addition of low concentrations of magnesium salts to dialkyl sulfosuccinate-based liquid compositions can actually reduce clear point, and relatively low concentration formulations can increase viscosity as well. , I found out. The amount of added magnesium salt is within the range of 0.02-0.24% by weight magnesium ion.

The optimum loading within these ranges for a particular formulation will vary depending on the total active detergent concentration, the total amount and type of electrolyte present, J and hydrotrope concentration, and can be determined by one skilled in the art. It can be easily determined experimentally. The magnesium ions are added to the composition of the invention in the form of an electrolyte, a water-soluble magnesium salt.

Preferred salts are magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride. For magnesium chloride hexahydrate, the above limits correspond to 0.17-2.0% heel weight, and for magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, the above limits correspond to 0.21-2.0% heel weight.
This corresponds to 46% by weight. Therefore, the amount of added magnesium salt present in the composition of the invention preferably ranges from 0.15 to
2.50% by weight, and more preferably 0.50-1.
(4) Weight %. The total active detergent amount of the compositions of the invention ranges from 2 to 6% by weight, preferably from 5 to 4% by weight. The addition of magnesium salts according to the invention is particularly advantageous at total active detergent levels of 3% by weight and below. At the lower end of the concentration range, 20% or less, the additional benefit of increased viscosity is seen. Thus, the present invention can alleviate the low viscosity problem that occurs with low activity detergent dialkyl sulfosuccinate base compositions. The dialkyl sulfosuccinates, which are essential detergent actives in the compositions of the invention, can be either symmetrical (both alkyl groups are the same) or asymmetrical.

If desired, this may consist of a mixture of materials of different chain lengths, in which the individual dialkyl sulfosuccinate chains are themselves either symmetrical or asymmetrical. The detergent-active dialkyl sulfosuccinate has the formula (wherein each R1 and R2 may be the same or different; 3
represents a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having ~12 carbon atoms, preferably 4 to 10 carbon atoms and more preferably 6 to 8 carbon atoms, and X1 represents a solubilizing cation, i.e. the salt of formula 1 has detergent activity. Represents any cation that makes it sufficiently soluble to be soluble.

In the context of the present invention, this solubilizing cation X1 is generally monovalent and is, for example, an alkali metal, in particular sodium, ammonium or a substituted ammonium, such as ethanolamine. The alkyl groups R1 and R2 in the dialkyl sulfosuccinate are preferably linear or (in mixtures) predominantly linear.

Dialkyl sulfosuccinates advantageously used in the compositions of the invention include the C6/C8 asymmetric materials described in UK Patent No. 2,105,325 (Unilever); UK Patent No. 2,104,913; No. (Uniliver)
dioctyl sulfosuccinate/dihexyl sulfosuccinate mixtures described in British Specialty No. 2,
There are mixtures of symmetric and asymmetric dialkyl sulfosuccinates described in 108,52 Gin (Uniliver).

The compositions of the present invention have a total composition of at least 2% by weight.
It is of course also advantageous to contain other detergent actives in addition to dialkyl sulfosuccinates, provided that they contain, preferably at least 5%, dialkyl sulfosuccinates. The compositions may contain, for example, sulfonate-type detergents commonly used as the main detergent active in liquid compositions, such as alkylbenzene sulfonates (particularly C9-C,5
(linear alkyl benzene sulfonates), secondary alkanes sulfonates, alpha olefin sulfonates, alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates, and O and fatty acid ester sulfonates. Of course, dialkyl sulfosuccinates are themselves sulfonate-type detergents. When such additional sulfonate-type materials are present, the total sulfonate preferably predominates in the active detergent mixture of the compositions of the present invention. In the absence of such additional sulfonate-type substances, sulfosuccinate alone preferably predominates. Of this additional sulfonate-type detergents present, alkylbenzene sulfonates and secondary alkanesulfonates are particularly preferred.

The ratio of dialkyl sulfosuccinate to alkylbenzenesulfonate or secondary alkanesulfonate is preferably from 4:1 to 0.1:1, more preferably from 2.5:1.
It is within the range of 1:1. UK Patent Application No. 82/32,6
No. 43 (filed on November 16, 1982), the applicant's application of the same date claims liquids containing dialkyl sulfosuccinates, alkylbenzene sulfonates and/or secondary alkanesulfonates, and alkyl ether sulfates. Describes a detergent composition.

If desired, one or more primary or secondary alkyl sulfates may also be present. When present, these, along with any of the sulfonate materials described above, including dialkyl sulfosuccinates, are preferably the main ingredient in the active detergent mixture of the compositions of this invention.
In addition to the dialkyl sulfosuccinate and any additional sulfonates mentioned above, the compositions of the invention advantageously further comprise one or more detergent actives.

Preferably, the alkyl chain length of C8-Cl5 and 5-14
There are one or more alkyl ether sulfates and/or one or more ethoxylated nonionic detergents having an average ethoxy degree of .
c Preferred alkyl ether sulfonates are represented by the general formula (wherein R3 is C).

-Cl8 alkyl group, X2 is a solubilizing cation, and 几、平. The average ethoxy degree is 1 to 12). R3 is preferably a Cl, to Cl5 alkyl group and is preferably 1-8. For any given alkyl ether sulfate, there is a range of differently ethoxylated and somewhat non-ethoxylated materials, and the value of n represents the average.

Non-ethoxylated substances are of course alkyl sulfates. If desired, further alkyl phenates may be mixed with alkyl ether sulfates to provide a mixture in which the ethoxylation distribution is skewed towards lower values. UK Patent Application No. 82/32,686 (198
As stated in the applicant's application of the same date, the use of an alkyl ether sulfate containing less than 2% C1 and more is particularly preferred.

Examples of preferred ether sulfates for use in the present invention include Shell's DObanOl™ 23-3 and DO
l) AnOl(TM) 23-2, both Cl2~
Cl3 (50% of each) is based on primary alcohols (approximately 75% linear, 25% 2-methyl branched) and has an average degree of ethoxylation of 3 and 2, respectively. The ratio of dialkyl sulfosuccinate, plus any other sulfonate-type detergents present, plus any alkyl sulfates present other than those essentially present in the ether sulfate, to ether sulfate is preferably 5:1. ~0.5:1, more preferably 3:1~1:1
is within the range of

The non-ionic detergents used in the compositions of the invention have the general formula Short-chain highly foaming ethoxylated alcohols with a degree of oxidation m of 5 to 12 are included.

The weight ratio of alkyl ether sulfate to nonionic detergent is preferably at least 1:1 and more preferably in the range from 1.5:1 to 3:1, especially about 2:1.

A particularly preferred non-ionic detergent is D from Shell where R4 is C9-Cll (predominantly linear) and is 8.
ObanOl™ 91-8. Advantageously, the compositions of the invention contain ClO-Cl in their active detergent mixture.
8 carboxylic acid (C2-C3 alkanol) amide, preferably diethanolamide.

Including this material in an amount not exceeding 3 weight percent of the active detergent mixture provides both performance and formulation advantages. 198
British Patent No. 82/32,68 filed on November 16th
The present applicant's application of the same date, which claimed priority from No.
A liquid detergent composition containing an 8-carboxylic acid di(C2-C3) alkanolamide is described, where the last component (amide) is present in an amount not exceeding 3 weight percent of the total active detergent present.

;Active detergent;
As well as magnesium ions and water, the compositions of the present invention generally need to contain one or more hydrotropes. These are substances that are present in the formulation to control solubility, viscosity, clarity and stability, but which by themselves do not make an active contribution to the performance of the product. Examples of hydrotropes include lower aliphatic alcohols, especially ethanol, urea, lower alkylbenzene sulfonates such as sodium toluene and xylene sulfonate, and combinations thereof. These are expensive and take up room in the prescription without contributing to its performance.
Therefore, it is desirable to use these in as small a quantity as possible. The compositions of the present invention may also contain conventional minor ingredients such as perfumes, dyes, preservatives, and fungicides.
The liquid detergent compositions of the present invention containing 2 to 6 weight percent active detergent in a clear stable aqueous solution can be used, for example, in textile washing products,
General purpose household and industrial cleaning compositions, carpet shampoos, car wash products, personal cleaning products, jumpers, foam bath products, and especially for manual dishwashing, all where it is advantageous to foam. Used for general detergent purposes.

The invention is further illustrated by the following non-limiting examples. Examples 1 and 2 The cloud point, clear point and viscosity of formulations containing dialkyl sulfosuccinates and ether sulfates at a total active detergent level of 24% with 12% urea as the hydrotrope were determined by varying the amount of chloride. A comparison was made using magnesium hexahydrate.

The dialkyl sulfosuccinate used was disclosed in British Patent No.
Di-n-octyl sulfosuccinate, n-hexyl n, prepared from a 1:1 mixture of n-hexanol and n-octanol by the method described in Example 1 of , 108, 52 Gin (Uniliver). -Octillus. It was a statistical mixture of sulfosuccinate and di-n-hexylsulfosuccinate (molar ratio 1:2:1).

This material contained 2.5% sodium sulfate in a 40% solution, thus the sodium sulfate level in the formulation was 1% by weight. The ether sulfate used was DObanOl23-2S (50% Cl, 50% Cl
3, n=2, sodium salt). Magnesium was added in the form of magnesium chloride hexahydrate.

The results were as follows.

The cloud point slightly increased as the amount of magnesium ions increased, but
0.5% MgCl2.6FI20 (0.06% Mg2 lowers the clear point, giving an advantage in terms of product stability;
At 1.0% MgCl2.6H20 (0.12% Mf) this advantage was small and offset by an increase in cloud point.

There was no noticeable effect on viscosity. Examples 3 and 4 Examples 1 and 2 were repeated using dialkyl sulfosuccinate samples containing low levels (1%) of sodium sulfate, so that the overall concentration of this material in the composition was only 0.5%. It was 4% by weight.

At this low electrolyte level, the urea content may be reduced to 11%. The results were as follows.

At this low electrolyte level, large amounts of magnesium chloride hexahydrate may be required to significantly lower clear point.

Examples 5 and 6 DObanOl23-? DObanOl23- instead of
Examples 3 and 4 were repeated using 2A (the corresponding ammonium salt).

The results were as follows. As can be seen, substituting the ammonium salt of ether sulfate for the sodium salt at the same total electrolyte level reduces the level of MgCl2.6FI20 required to produce clear point reduction from 1.0% to 0.5%. However, the 1.0% level is higher than the optimal value here.

Examples 7 and 8 Examples 1 and 2 were repeated using dialkyl sulfosuccinate samples without electrolyte (sodium sulfate).

The urea level was 10%. The results were as follows. It can be seen that the 0.5% magnesium chloride level was insufficient to reduce clear point, but the higher level of 1.0% was effective.

Example 9 This example demonstrates the improvement in water soft foam performance obtained by adding magnesium chloride hexahydrate to a dialkyl sulfosuccinate/-ether sulfate formulation.

Comparisons were made by a 1 Good H (French hardness) underwater plate washing test. In this test, a plate stained with a standard starch/fat/fatty acid mixture was exposed to 51 test solutions in a bowl (total concentration 1y/e at 45°C) until only 113 on the surface of the solution in the bowl had converted to foam. , Standard Method Example 1
3 and 14 - The method of Examples 10-12 was repeated with formulations having the same total active detergent level (16%) but containing a higher content (10%) of dialkyl sulfosuccinate.

In this case, a magnesium salt level of 0.5% was found to provide optimal benefit. Examples 15 and 16 The experiments were as follows:
In addition to dialkyl sulfosuccinates and alkyl ether sulfates, alkylbenzene sulfonates (
Figure 2 shows the effect of the addition of magnesium salts on a relatively low concentration (18%) formulation containing DOb™ 102 (from Shell).

The dialkyl sulfosuccinate was used in Examples 10-14. Both levels of magnesium chloride increased viscosity, but the higher level of 1.0% was more effective.

At 10%, clear point decreased similarly at the expense of increased cloud point.

Examples 17 and 18 The method of Examples 15 and 16 was repeated with a slightly higher total active detergent level (20%).

Control composition H already had excellent low temperature stability.

Addition of 0.5% magnesium chloride increased the viscosity without adversely affecting the cloud point.

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. An active detergent mixture in the form of a clear, stable aqueous solution containing from 2 to 60% by weight, based on the total composition, of at least 2% by weight of a water-soluble salt of a dialkyl ester of sulfosuccinic acid. A foaming liquid detergent composition, characterized in that the composition further comprises 0.02-0.24% by weight of magnesium ions derived from an added electrolyte. 2. The detergent composition according to item 1 above, characterized in that it contains 0.15 to 2.50% of an added inorganic magnesium salt selected from magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride and mixtures thereof. 3. Detergent composition according to item 2 above, characterized in that it contains 0.50 to 1.50% by weight of added magnesium salt. 4. Detergent composition according to any one of the preceding paragraphs 1 to 3, characterized in that the total concentration of active detergents is in the range from 5 to 40% by weight. 5. Detergent composition according to claim 4, characterized in that the total concentration of active detergents is in the range from 5 to 30% by weight. 6. Detergent composition according to claim 5, characterized in that the total concentration of active detergents is in the range from 5 to 20% by weight. 7
The dialkyl sulfosuccinate comprises at least 5% by weight of the total composition.
Any one detergent composition according to item 6. 8. Detergent composition according to any one of the above items 1 to 7, characterized in that the alkyl groups of the dialkyl sulfosuccinate each have 4 to 10 carbon atoms. 9. Detergent composition according to item 8 above, characterized in that the alkyl groups of the dialkyl sulfosuccinate each have 6 to 8 carbon atoms. 10. Detergent composition according to any one of the above paragraphs 1 to 9, characterized in that the active detergent mixture further comprises an alkylbenzenesulfonate and/or a secondary alkanesulfonate. 11. The detergent composition according to item 10 above, characterized in that the weight ratio of dialkyl sulfosuccinate to alkylbenzene sulfonate and/or secondary alkanesulfonate is within the range of 2.5:1 to 1:1. 12. The active detergent mixture further comprises C_1_0 to C_1_8 alkyl polyethoxy sulfates having an average degree of ethoxylation of 1 to 12.
Any one detergent composition according to item 1. 13 Alkyl polyethoxy sulfate is C_1_
13. The detergent composition according to item 12 above, having an alkyl chain length of 1 to C_1_5. 14. Detergent composition according to item 12 or 13 above, characterized in that the alkyl polyethoxy sulfate contains less than 20% by weight of C_1_4 and longer chain length substances. 15. The above-mentioned item, characterized in that the weight ratio of dialkyl sulfosuccinate, plus the alkylbenzene sulfonate and/or secondary alkanesulfonate present to the alkyl polyethoxy sulfate is within the range of 5:1 to 0.5:1. The detergent composition according to any one of items 12 to 14. 16 The active detergent mixture further contains 3 of the active detergent mixture.
16. Detergent composition according to any one of the above items 1 to 15, characterized in that it contains C_1_0 to C_1_8 carboxylic acid di(C_2-C_3 alkanol)amide in an amount not exceeding 0% by weight. 17 The active detergent system comprises essentially a (i) a water-soluble salt of a dialkylsulfosuccinic acid in which the alkyl groups may be the same or different, and optionally (ii) an alkylbenzene sulfonate and/or a secondary alkanesulfonate, and b ( i) C_1_ with an average degree of ethoxylation from 1 to 12
0-C_1_8 alkyl polyethoxy sulfate, and optionally (ii) a C_8-C_1_5 ethoxylated nonionic surfactant with an average degree of ethoxylation from 5 to 14, provided that (b)(i) vs. (b)(ii) the weight ratio of at least 1:1) and optionally c in an amount of 0 to 30% by weight of the total active detergent system.
0-C_1_8 carboxylic acid diC_2-C_3 alkanolamide, the weight ratio of (a) to (b) is from 5:1 to
Detergent composition according to item 1 above, characterized in that the ratio is within the range of 0.5:1.