JPS60500659A - Impact crusher and its operating method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention comprises an end wall and a peripheral wall including a perforated portion or a screen. the housing and the material fed into the housing. a peripheral wall for discharging the collapsed material through said perforated wall portion; and a rotor disposed within the housing to cooperate with the shock absorber. Concerning how to operate a crusher.

Impact crushers are used to break up or crush materials into very fine particles, The rotor usually has a hammer or impact rod swingably mounted on the rotor body. It is equipped. During operation, this rotor's hammer or impact bar is fed into the housing. cooperates with a peripheral wall surrounding the housing to crush or crush the material. drilling a hole The shredded peripheral wall has sieve or lattice-like properties, and the shredded material passing into the discharge chamber or passageway through an opening defined in the cut wall portion; This discharge chamber or passageway is usually located below the peripheral wall section.

The wall of the discharge chamber defines an air bubble inlet and a discharge opening for the pulverized material. . Rotation of the rotor generates a flow of air through the air bubble inlet and outlet opening. The crushed material is then continuously discharged from the discharge chamber.

During the operation of an impact crusher, a significant amount of kinetic energy is converted into thermal energy; As a result, relatively high temperature levels occur within the impact mill. Temperatures rise to such levels As a result, materials being processed that are more sensitive to heat will be affected. This is the material This is especially true when the material is fed into the impact mill in a heated state. be. The high temperature inside the impact crusher further passes through the rotor shaft and is located on the outside of the housing. bearings, which require cooling of these bearings.

In U.S. Pat. No. 2,367,179, the cooled air is discharged from an impact crusher. It is proposed to supply the room or passageway. Therefore, if the air is empty, the centrifugal pump The air is drawn from the atmosphere through a cooling radiator that forms part of the refrigeration system. Crushed material entering the discharge passageway under an open wall section or screen cooling the material and the screen. A small portion of the cooled air is used as a radiator from inside the impact crusher through its end wall directly into the impact crusher housing. cooling the material.

The temperature inside the impact crusher is often controlled using air cooled by the refrigeration mechanism. It has been found that it is possible to maintain this level at an acceptable level. Therefore, present invention 3 is a housing having an end wall and a peripheral wall including a perforated wall section or a screen. The impact crusher is equipped with a housing and a roller disposed inside the housing. A method of operation comprising: supplying material into a housing; rotating a rotor to crush or disintegrate the material, said perforated wall; To discharge the disintegrated material from the impact crusher through sections or screens Gas is passed through the impact mill so that substantially all of the gas is released into the housing at substantially room temperature. A perforated wall section or screen that is continuously fed into the interior of the Method of operating an impact crusher including discharging with the disintegrated material through a chamber I will provide a.

The gas passed into the housing not only has a noticeable cooling effect, but also has a facilitates the release of the material through the perforated wall section. if impact crusher If a discharge chamber as described above is provided in the housing, the gas supplied to the inside of the housing is substantially or completely dependent on the air or air supplied inside the discharge chamber in prior art structures. is an alternative to gas.

Gas flow through the housing may be generated in any suitable manner. Preferably , this gas flow is at a pressure that substantially exceeds the pressure maintained in the perforated wall section. 4. Supply this gas to the housing under specifically through the housing. So, for example, gas pressure above atmospheric, from a blower or any other source of gas above atmospheric pressure. is supplied to the housing under the However, in the presently preferred embodiment, This pressure difference, which causes gas to flow through the housing, is applied to the perforated wall section. gas is produced by maintaining a pressure below atmospheric pressure or a vacuum; Qualitatively supplied to the housing under atmospheric pressure. Therefore, the gas is is sucked through. This required suction force can e.g. in a separator located downstream of the impact crusher to separate it from the gas flow. available.

The required gas flow rate or amount of gas flowing through the housing depends on the collapse The inlet temperature of the material to be processed, the inlet temperature of the cooling gas, the feed rate of the material into the impact crusher , the size of the hole in the perforated wall section, and the required workings of the internal space of the housing. It depends on several parameters, such as dynamic temperature, etc. These mediating variables are substantive It fluctuates. – for example, the required temperature inside the housing) is also very high. material is required to be fed to the impact crusher under Even though kinetic energy is converted to thermal energy as described above, the net The result will be cooling of the material inside the impact crusher. In such cases, the necessary The amount of cooling gas to larger than if supplied. Furthermore, the material fed into the impact crusher If the material is fibrous, reducing the number of pores in the perforated wall will help prevent collapse. It is required to increase the SRo of broken fibers. In such cases, cooling increasing the gas volume and/or decreasing the feed rate into the impact mill; One means is required.

For the above reasons, the required temperature in the housing and the temperature of the material being disintegrated 4 frames for a certain period of time The pressure and pores at which the gas is supplied to obtain throughput within It is advantageous to vary the difference between the pressure maintained in the drilled wall section.

Material can be passed through the housing only through the perforated wall section and not through the material inlet. the impact crusher housing in any suitable manner that ensures that the material is released from the impact crusher housing. supplied into the group. According to the present invention, the groove is formed by cutting the web or plate material into a groove-like material. This is done by feeding the material into the housing through the material inlet. The cross-sectional shape and size of the material corresponds to that of the web or plate material. impact crushing During operation of the machine the material inlet is therefore always fed into the housing of the impact crusher. closed by a web or plate material that allows gas and gas to pass through the material inlet. The materials and/or materials are effectively prevented from being released.

As a rule, the gas can pass through the impact crusher housing through any wall part of the housing. supplied within the group.

However, the gas may pass through at least one of the housing end walls, preferably a symmetrical It has been found advantageous to be able to pass through the end walls into the housing by Ta. This ensures that the collapsed material is effectively This results in consistent cooling and uniform distribution.

Introducing the gas end-to-end into the housing further improves the effectiveness of the rotor bearings. Enables effective cooling. Therefore, the gas supplied into the housing is It passes through the periphery of a bearing that rotatably supports the motor.

In the method of the invention, gas is introduced into the interior of the housing of the impact crusher and into the discharge chamber. The fact that it is supplied not only as a Allows for the introduction of stages. This added liquid is added to the gas stream in atomized form. added, so that it is very uniform and e.g. fibrous material 7 It works well in the disintegrated material that is the material. Also additives added to the gas stream Alternatively, the evaporation of the liquid component of the filling means has a cooling effect inside the housing of the impact crusher. increase.

As mentioned above, the gas flow through the impact crusher housing is directed through the perforated walls. a pressure substantially exceeding the pressure maintained in the discharge chamber at or near the minute It is generated by supplying gas to the housing under However, the gas When introduced into the housing through one or both end walls, the gas is selectively or additionally provided by a rotating rotor drawn into the interior of the housing. The fire is ignited through the perforated part of the surrounding wall under the action of centrifugal force.

It may be of any suitable type, such as a gas for treating materials that are present. impact powder The material and/or additives fed into the crusher housing are flammable. If the gas is of the sexual type, the gas must be replaced with an inert gas such as nitrogen to eliminate the risk of explosion. It can be a sexual gas. In this case, the cooling gas is recirculated and this ψ(゛゛) reintroduced into the crusher housing It is advantageous if it is cooled beforehand. When there is no danger of explosion, the gas is in the atmosphere at room temperature. The air inside is good 8 Special table Showeo-5oo6s9 (4) Sweet.

The present invention further provides a housing having a C1 end wall and a peripheral wall defining a material inlet. , to crush or disintegrate the material fed into the housing through the material inlet. a rotor disposed within the housing to cooperate with the wall; The wall defines an outlet opening for the collapsed material reservoir communicating with the air discharge passageway. The end wall of the housing has a perforated wall section or screen that Substantially the entire amount of gas required to discharge the disintegrated material through the discharge passageway at least one installation communicating with a reservoir gas supply at qualitatively room temperature; This invention relates to an impact crusher that defines an inlet. How this impact crusher works , the gas is preferably moved by the centrifugal action of a rotating rotor. gas is directed into the housing through a plurality of gas inlets. into the housing The introduction of gas or air serves to cool the material being disintegrated therein; Pass the crushed or disintegrated material through the material outlet opening in the perforated wall section. promotes release. In addition, the gas or The air flow preferably passes through the rotor bearings, which are located on the outside of the housing. Used for cooling.

When the axial dimension of the zero-ter housing exceeds certain limits, the cooling gas flow not only through the end wall of the housing, but also through one or more of the peripheral walls of the housing. supply in the upper position and to distribute the cooling gas axially of the housing. and/or providing an axially extending passageway in the impact crusher rotor. It is necessary to do this.

Each gas inlet can be adjusted, e.g. by replaceable cover plates or strips. Preferably, the flow of gas into the housing is adjusted to the optimum adjusted to the value.

The invention will be further explained below with reference to the drawings.

Here, Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional type of impact crusher, and Figs. 2 and 3 are a cross-sectional view of a conventional impact crusher. Two Different Implementations FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway side view of the embodiment shown in FIG.

The impact crusher shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a rotor disposed within a housing 11. The housing 11 includes a peripheral wall 12 surrounding the circumference of the rotor. , a substantially cylindrical rotor chamber 14 in which a toll inlet hopper 15 is provided. It is provided with an end wall 13 for forming an image. The peripheral wall 12 is perforated downwardly. It includes a wall portion 16, which wall portion J6 defines the rotor chamber 14 below the housing 11. It is isolated from a material discharge chamber 17 formed in the section. The rotor 10 has a peripheral wall 1 a number of pivotable mountings extending to radial positions close to the inner surface of 2; A substantially radially extending hammer or percussion bar 18 is provided.

In the conventional impact crusher shown in FIG. An air vent 19 and an outlet 20 are provided for the removed material. Impact powder shown in Figure 1 When the crusher is operated, the rotor 10 is rotated in the direction shown by the arrow; The rotation of the air flows out from the air mass 19 through the discharge chamber 17 as shown by the arrow in FIG. This causes the air coming out of the mouth 20 to sludge.

The material 21 to be disintegrated or crushed is transferred to the rotor chamber 14 intermittently or continuously. The rotor 10 is rotated at high speed. opposition The striking rod 18 is used to disintegrate or crush the material 21 supplied into the low cooling chamber 14. It cooperates with the inner surface of the peripheral wall 12. The pulverized or disintegrated material 22 is drilled with holes. The powder passes through a hole in the wall section 16 and into a discharge chamber 17 from which the powder is discharged. The crushed material is carried away by the air flow through it.

When the impact crusher is operating, a considerable amount of 11 Kinetic energy is converted to heat within the rotor chamber 14, thereby Not only the inner material 21 and rotor 10, but also the outer rotor shaft of the housing 11. The rotatably supported bearing 23 (Figure 2) is also heated to a considerably high temperature level. Ru. This is especially true if the material being processed is of a heat-sensitive type. disadvantageous to Force additional air into housing 11 through air population 19 Some attempts have been made to reduce the temperature inside the gerotor chamber 14 by blowing into the gerotor chamber 14. It was done. However, this attempt proved rather unsuccessful.

The impact crusher shown in FIG. The impact of Fig. Matched with crusher. Each air intake 24 is located in an end wall adjacent to the rotor shaft 25. A partition is formed between the edges of the provided concentric openings. formed as part of a cylinder A guide plate 26 extends axially outward from the end wall, and there is a space between the guide plate and the bearing 23. It is spaced above the bearing 23 to define an air inlet passage.

When the impact crusher shown in FIG. Centrifugal force forces the air into the air intake 24 as shown by the arrow in FIG. 12 of the rotor chamber 14. Let it sink in. The rotor chamber 4 results in bearings being effectively cooled, then the air exits the rotor chamber through the perforated wall section 16 and the discharge chamber 17; This also effectively cools the material contained within the rotor chamber 14. Sara In addition, the flow of air from the low-cool chamber 14 through the perforated wall portion 16 may cause pulverization. or facilitates the movement of the disintegrated material from the low-cooling chamber 14 into the discharge chamber 17. do.

3 and 4 show that the web or The impact crusher of the invention is specially prepared for crushing or disintegrating plate material 27. 1 depicts the presently preferred embodiment. In Figure 3-4, the parts shown in Figures 1 and 2. Identical parts are designated by the same reference numerals.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the hopper 15 has a channel-shaped material inlet passage 29. is replaced by a compartment-forming material inlet, this inlet passage 29 The web material has a cross-sectional shape substantially the same as that of 7, and the web material is e.g. , cardboard or other flexible fibrous web material. No. As shown in Figure 4, this impact crusher is mounted on a substrate 30, and this impact crusher Shatter-like 3 The 0-motor 10 is connected to an electric motor via a reduction gear 32 mounted on the same board 30. It is driven by the motor 31. The upper part of the peripheral wall 12 is formed as a lid and has a bar. The lid is swingable around the hinge 34 and can be manually operated with a swingable U-shaped member 35. 0 is held in its closed position by a locking mechanism comprising an adjustable wheel 36. Preferably, the inner end of the channel-like material inlet passageway 29 provides an impact frame upon passage through the passageway 29. extending in a downwardly inclined direction substantially perpendicular to the radially outer end face of the workpiece 8; It's out.

When the impact crusher shown in Figures 3 and 4 is in operation, it is fed through passage 29. The web material 27 is powdered into almost single fibers by interaction with the passage wall 12. crushed or disintegrated. The material inlet passage 29 has a web material 27 inserted therein. Since the rotor chamber 14 is substantially sealed, the cooling air sucked into the rotor chamber 14 is It escapes only through the peripheral wall section 16 and does not pass through the material inlet. The cooling air flow is Not only due to the centrifugal force of the tank 10, but also preferably at sub-atmospheric pressure at the outlet. It can also be generated by vacuum equipment. - For example, the outlet is a separator (not shown) The fibers disintegrated in this separation A are separated from the flow of the carrier gas. A vacuum is maintained in this separator.

If necessary, liquid addition or filling means may be provided at the air intake in the jet condition. 24 into the rotor chamber 14.

The effective area of each air intake port 24 is determined by a replaceable cover plate (not shown). regulated, thereby controlling the flow of air directed into the gerotor chamber 14.

The embodiments described above may be varied in many respects within the scope of the appended claims. and should be understood. Furthermore, the impact crusher of the present invention can only be used for fibrous materials. but also to disintegrate other materials processed in normal impact crushers. Can be used.

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Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A housing having an end wall and a peripheral wall including a perforated wall portion or a screen operating an impact crusher comprising a housing and a rotor disposed within the housing. a method of manufacturing a material, the method comprising: supplying material into a housing; Rotating the rotor to crush or disintegrate the material, moving the disintegrated material forward into an impact crusher to emit through a perforated wall section or screen. passing a gas, wherein substantially the entire amount of said gas is in the housing at substantially room temperature. a wall section or screen that is fed into the interior of a housing and has holes drilled through it; A method of operating an impact crusher through which the disintegrated material is discharged. the flow of said gas substantially exceeds the pressure maintained in the perforated wall portion; By supplying gas under pressure into the housing, the atmosphere A pressure below the atmospheric pressure is maintained in the perforated wall section, while the gas 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the housing is provided with a base. 4. The difference between the pressure at which the gas is supplied and the pressure maintained in the perforated wall is... ・Required temperature inside the housing and required throughput of the material being disintegrated over a certain period of time or modified to obtain either of the following: Method. 5 The web or plate material is the same shape and size as this web or plate material A material is fed into the housing through a channel-like material inlet having a shape and size. The method according to any one of items 1 to 4 of the required range. 6. Gas is passed into the housing through at least one of the housing end walls. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 7. A bearing that allows the gas supplied into the housing to rotatably support the rotor. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the bearing is cooled by cooling the bearing. 8 Spray condition Ω The added liquid is added to the gas flow led into the housing. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 7. 9. Gas is sucked into the housing and is also caused by the rotating rotor. is released through the perforated part of the peripheral wall under the action of centrifugal force exerted on it, A method according to any one of claims 6 to 8. 10. Any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the gas is air in the atmosphere. the method of. 11. 17 having an end wall and a peripheral wall that partitions and forms a fee entrance. the housing and the interest fed into the housing through this interest inlet. or a rotor arranged inside the housing to cooperate with the surrounding wall to collapse. and the housing peripheral wall has a collapsed material wall that communicates with the air release passage. having a perforated wall portion or screen defining an exit opening for the , the end wall of the housing is required to release the collapsed material through the air release passage. connected to a gas supply source that supplies substantially all of the gas at essentially room temperature; an impact mill defining at least one gas inlet communicating with the impact mill; 12. The rotor extends through a circumferential opening defined in the end wall of the housing. each end wall mounted on a shaft with at least one gas inlet proximate to the shaft; An impact crusher according to claim 11, which is provided in a. 13 The end where the gas intake port of each housing end wall defines the shaft and the axial opening The impact according to claim 12, which is partitioned between the wall and the edge surrounding the axis of the wall. Crusher. 14 The rotor can rotate freely by bearings located on each end wall on the outside of the 7. supported and a gas guide means with which the gas flow contacts the bearing for cooling it. Claim No. 1218 Japanese Patent Application No. Sho GO-50065 Impact crushers according to paragraph 9(2) or paragraph 13. 15. Claims 11 to 14, in which the area of each gas intake port is adjustable. Impact crusher according to any one of the following items. 16 the material inlet has a groove-like shape extending substantially parallel to the axis of the rotor; and has a cross-sectional shape and size substantially the same as the shape and size of the groove-like material inlet. Claim 11 arranged to receive a web or plate material that Impact crusher according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 15. 17. Any of claims 11 to 16, wherein the discharge passage communicates with a vacuum source. Impact crusher according to item 1.