JPS6049888A - Laser cutting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To remove or capture effectively the cutting slag, melt, etc. generated by cutting by providing upper and lower discharge hoods to a laser cutting device and connecting the same to a discharge fan. CONSTITUTION:An upper discharge hood 10 is connected via a pipe 11 and a valve 12 to a discharge fan and a nozzle 13 is inserted into the hood 10 from the upper part thereof. Condensed laser light passes through the center of the nozzle 13 and is emitted from the lower part of the nozzle 13. An inert gas is introduced into the nozzle 13 and strikes a material 5 to be cut together with the exit light of the laser light. A groove 21 is provided on the surface of a lower discharge hood 20 and a discharge hole 23 is provided on the side face of the hood 20 from the groove 21 and is connected via a pipe 24 and a valve 25 to a discharge fan. The decomposing gas and cutting slag arriving at the inside of the groove 21 in the part cut by the laser light emitted from the nozzle 13 are discharged through the discharge hole 23.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Technical Field) The present invention relates to a laser cutting device that uses a laser beam such as carbon dioxide gas, and the present invention relates to a laser cutting device that uses a laser beam such as carbon dioxide gas. The present invention relates to an improved laser cutting device that can efficiently collect gas generated during cutting without causing any damage.

(Prior Art) A laser cutting device uses an optical system to focus a laser beam and apply high energy to a minute area of the object to melt or evaporate the object to cut it.

Laser cutting equipment has the advantage of having a lower TgL and less cutting residue generated during use (compared to cutting equipment that uses a rotating blade).
It still has the following drawbacks.

■Since the cutting residue is not completely removed, it is impossible to prevent the cutting residue from adhering to the object to be cut, which may cause problems when carrying precision parts or optical parts. The same thing can be said about the molten material produced by melting.

- Collection of decomposed gas generated from the material to be cut is not complete as the only way to collect it is to exhaust it through a hood installed below the material to be cut.

The disadvantages of (2) and (2) above are that conventionally, in order to prevent the object to be cut from becoming excessively heated by the laser beam, an inert gas (e.g. nitrogen gas) is blown at high pressure onto the area that will be irradiated with the laser beam. However, the use of inert gas has the significance of preventing melting and deterioration of the uncut portion of the cut material2.
Since we have it, we cannot afford to omit it.

However, the above drawbacks (1) and (2) have not been regarded as much of a problem in the past. This was because the laser cutting equipment was still in the experimental stage, and long-term continuous use had not been considered, and the materials to be cut were mostly plywood and iron plates, where surface contamination was not a problem. be.

However, in recent years, laser cutting devices have come to be used for precision parts and optical parts, and the above-mentioned drawbacks are increasingly affecting the performance of products, and improvements are desired.

(Object of the Invention) Accordingly, the present invention provides a cutting device that eliminates the cutting residue, melt, and decomposition gas that are generated while eliminating the need for inert gas spraying in conventional laser cutting devices. It is something.

(Structure of the Invention) The laser cutting device of the present invention includes a laser light source including a laser light oscillator, an oscillator drive power source, and a laser light focusing optical system, which is arranged on a surface plate for placing a cut object, and
The laser light source and the surface plate are movable relative to each other in the horizontal direction, and the area from the laser light exit of the laser light source to the vicinity of the object to be cut is covered with an upper exhaust hood. is equipped with a lower exhaust hood that has a groove formed on the surface along the cutting line of the material to be cut.
Further, an exhaust fan is connected to the northern and lower exhaust hoods.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the principle 7 of the laser cutting device, in which the laser beam emitted from the emitter driven by the power source passes through the mirror and lens 3, and is reflected and focused in a predetermined direction. The light is irradiated onto the object S to be cut on the X-Y table.

In this example, table+! By moving the table horizontally, the object to be cut is cut into a predetermined shape. However, it is also possible to fix the table and move the mirror and lens 3.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a cross section of an upper exhaust hood that is involved in exhausting air between the laser cutting device Luns 3 and the cutting target @S shown in FIG. 1. The upper exhaust hood IO may have the shape of a prismatic box with a square horizontal cross section or a cylindrical shape with a circular horizontal cross section.
is connected to an exhaust fan via pipe// and pulp/2, and a nozzle/3 is inserted from the top of the hood. A focused laser beam passes through the nozzle 10 and is emitted from the bottom of the nozzle 10, and a high-pressure gas such as an inert gas (for example, a desired gas) is introduced into the nozzle 10.
It will be cut along with the emitted laser light! /J5. The diameter of the upper hood 10 is set at 20 cTL- from the viewpoint of exhaust efficiency, ease of handling, etc.
50, more preferably 2! ;(1~tt,.

It's me. Further, the distance between the lower end of the hood 10 and the object to be cut is 013 to 30 mm, preferably 9 to 13 mm, and it is more convenient to keep the distance from the object to be cut S apart from the point of exhaust efficiency.

Figure 3! A plan view of the present lower exhaust hood, FIG.

In order to install the lower exhaust hood 2o in FIG. 3 on an x-y table, for example, a groove, 2/, is provided on the surface of a flat plate. Here, the groove 2/ is provided in a rectangular shape so as to extend around the foodco θ so that the object to be cut is cut into a rectangular shape. Groove λ
Exhaust holes 23 are provided from side 2 of 7 to 0, and are connected to an exhaust fan via pipes q1 and 5. Therefore, the decomposed gas and cutting slag that reach the groove 2/in the cut portion by the laser beam emitted from the nozzle 13 are exhausted through the exhaust hole 3.

Here, the pumping speed is 6-9 m/sec, preferably 9-/37+1/see, and the width of the groove is 0.0 m/sec when the laser output is soow during laser cutting.
Since it is 7-/, 0 dragon, it is preferable to set it to 3~/θmm.

In addition, an intake hole x is provided at a position opposite to the exhaust hole 23 of the hood 20.
If you do this, the coercive effect within the groove will only increase, and the problem of less air movement will be solved, improving the efficiency of exhaust air.

The material to be cut S and the exhaust hood O should be brought into close contact with each other by using a cushioning core and a suction cup such as an air chuck on the surface of the exhaust hood, and the air chuck can be operated by using a pressure reducing solenoid valve. Good ◇ Exhaust hood - ○ can be made using appropriate materials, but since the bottom of the groove hood will be directly hit by the laser beam during cutting, it must be able to withstand the laser beam irradiation and also be made with a material that will prevent the reflection of the laser beam. It is preferable to use iron, aluminum, etc. whose surface has been roughened by sandblasting, or ceramic. If a mirror surface of metal, especially copper, is used, the laser beam will be reflected, which is not only dangerous for the worker, but also may cause the object to be cut to be re-irradiated from the back side.

The above-mentioned lower exhaust hood 20 may be used by being fixed on an X-Y table, but of course it may also be attached to a device where the light source side is movable and the table does not move (therefore, either a fixed beam type or a moving beam type) may be used. It can also be used for laser cutting equipment.

Since the upper exhaust hood can also be used in both types, the present invention can be applied to both types.

In addition, although omitted in the above explanation, solid substances such as dust in the exhausted air are removed using a filter in advance, and decomposition gas generated from the material to be cut is chlorinated, for example, if it is polyvinyl chloride resin. It is recommended to use a catalytic combustion deodorizing device to remove the odor of monomers generated when cutting acrylic plates or the like using a scrubber that processes hydrogen gas.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, while maintaining the cutting method of the conventional laser cutting device, the generated cutting residue, melt, and decomposed gas can be effectively removed and collected. ,
Ideal for cutting precision parts and optical parts.

Below, please give an example of the actual use of the laser cutting apparatus of the present invention.

Usage example: Use a 3 mm thick acrylic resin board as the material to be cut, and use a 9g0X/300'mm original board. 6g x 7230
It was cut on all sides to a length of mm.

Using carbon dioxide laser 7 as a light source, output 5oovt
It was used by adjusting K and focusing two focal points on the acrylic plate using a lens of f = /00 mm.

The cutting speed is g m 7 minutes, the exhaust speed of the upper exhaust hood is t, 2 m/min, the lower exhaust hood is 9 JmZ minutes,
The total displacement of the upper and lower sections was 527 minutes.

As a result, regarding the odor in the work environment, the evaluation result in the three-point comparison mounting method test is IO, and the collection device is ?
000, and Da7 after deodorization, indicating that even with this level of processing air volume, safety and pollution prevention standards were met.

Furthermore, at this time, no dust or dirt was observed on the surface of the object to be cut, and after cutting 100 sheets, it was confirmed that dust was adhering to the filter surface of the exhaust fan.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the principle of the laser cutting device;
Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the upper exhaust hood, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the lower exhaust hood, and Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the usage state of the lower exhaust hood. /-@war・e・・・・11Φlaser light Yu・・・・・・
・11＠Fist・Mirror 3・・・Optical system・・・・・・・・・・・・・Object to be cut S ・Self■”・・1”・X-Y table / 0...
......Top exhaust hood/1IIIIII...
...@su・tube/+2 ---・・・・・・・・・ Valp/3
・・・11 〇・・・・・・ Nos Ruyu θ ・・・・
・・・・・・Lower exhaust hood 2/・・・・Bug/groove 22−”−−−−・＠11 Side hood 3・・・・・・・・・・Exhaust Hole, 21I...
・・・・・・1・Pipe 2S・!・・・・・・－・・
・Valve, 24...Intake
Hole 27Φ･･･■････Cushion kidnapping patent applicant
Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Sai 1 Diagram Ko Sai 2 Diagram

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A laser light source consisting of a laser light oscillator, an oscillator driving power source, and an optical system for concentrating laser light is placed on a surface plate on which the object to be cut is placed, and the laser light source and the surface plate are horizontal. The area from the laser light exit of the laser light source to the vicinity of the object to be cut is covered with an upper exhaust hood, and the surface plate is provided with a surface plate for cutting the object to be cut. A laser cutting device characterized in that a lower exhaust hood having a groove formed in a line is installed, and an exhaust fan is connected to the upper and lower exhaust hoods.