JPS6047118A - Low-pollution piling work - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce noise and vibration in driving a custom-made pile by a method in which the ground is loosened by an injection rod, a custom-made pile is penetrated to the vicinity of the bearing stratum by lightly striking it by a low-noise striker and then further into the bearing stratum. CONSTITUTION:Injection rods 2 are penetrated while being connected additionally by means of a machine 1 until they reach right before the bearing stratum 10. The injection rods 2 are then pulled while being turned and while injecting water or cement milk at a high pressure. The pile is vertically erected by a pile-driving tower and a noiseless hammer 8 and finally penetrated into the bearing stratum 10. Since the hard ground alone, requiring a loosening work, is loosened and also the ground requiring no loosening work is left untreated, the construction work can be speeded up, and the hardness of the ground till the bearing stratum can be made almost uniform. Sufficient frictional forces on the periphery of the pile can thus be obtained.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The characteristic of ready-made piles is that the product itself is a factory product and has stable quality based on strict quality control. The force m method is originally a hammer construction method, which penetrates the soil while compacting it and eliminates it.In addition to reliable penetration into the supporting layer, it can be expected to have a large bearing capacity due to large frictional force and reliable tip support force, and is easy to install at a low cost. It has been widely used as a construction method with excellent combination of materials.

However, in recent years, there has been a strong demand for low-pollution construction, and the vibrations and scratching noise caused by hammer construction have become a problem, and the hammer construction method has declined, and various low-pollution construction methods that are vibration-free, noise-free, and other construction methods have become popular.

However, in order to do this, it is necessary to insert the pile gently into the ground, and no matter what method you use, it is impossible to insert the pile without loosening the ground considerably in advance, and as a result, the ground around the pile will not return. The reality is that we cannot expect sufficient frictional force.

Burn 9 Originally, the best way to use ready-made piles is to hammer the pile into the ground, forcing it into the ground and compacting the surrounding ground as much as possible. There are cases in which it cannot be said that there will be a big change in the future. In other words, although the ground varies greatly in terms of depth to the supporting layer, soil quality, hardness, etc.5, for example, if a pile is driven into silty ground with an N value of 0 to 5, the impact force will be several meters. Piles are often penetrated. In extreme cases, the pile may even scuttle under its own weight. In such cases, noise and vibration are not necessarily large and cheap. However, the hard intermediate layer is punched out to reach the support layer. It goes without saying that such impact construction generates considerable noise and vibration. Even in the extremely soft ground mentioned above, the frictional force around the pile after construction is sufficient to be around 2 to 3 t/m.
If a pile with a length of 507n and a diameter of 500mm were driven into such ground, it would have a frictional force of 157TON to 236TON, and even though the ground is soft, the power of impact construction is considerable.

The present invention focuses on this phenomenon. In other words, stamping construction will be adopted, but the ground will be loosened in advance to reduce noise and vibration caused by construction as necessary. However, it is possible to loosen only the hard ground that needs to be loosened, and leave the areas that are already soft and do not need loosening as they are.At the same time, it is possible to speed up the loosening process and at the same time reduce the hardness of the ground up to the supporting ground to a nearly uniform level. The same cutlet that has been modified into a cap.

The material is modified to, for example, an N value of 0 to 5 so that even when hit as described above, only slight noise and vibration are generated. In places where the degree of modification requires considerably less vibration and noise, it is necessary to modify considerably to an N value of 0 to 5 as described here, but some noise and vibration are acceptable. For example, it is sufficient to loosen the N value to around 5 to 10. Conventionally,
Basically, there were construction methods for the same purpose. A typical example of this is the so-called pre-poling method. The pre-poling method uses an earth auger to poll the ground for the required length in advance. In some cases, this removed soil is discharged, but in some cases, the earth auger is reversed at the end, and the soil is not discharged but left in a loose form underground. This also has the same idea as the present invention, but the basic difference is that the required cutting bolt cannot be loosened to the necessary extent, and the entire area into which the earth auger metal is inserted is automatically loosened. This is a nuisance in terms of decoration speed, and the construction machinery is also becoming larger.
There was also a drawback that even if the geology did not need to be loosened and would be used as it was, it would inevitably be modified.

Furthermore, as the earth auger is forcefully rotated and press-fitted, the earth auger may be bent, and the place where the hole is drilled has a sensitizing effect that causes bending that will cause problems in later construction. Couldn't use it. Recently, a method that has somewhat improved this drawback has been a method in which a Jan- is attached to the rod, the rod is rotated in the soil, and at the same time water is injected near the tip of the rod to uniformly turn the underground into mud and loosen it. . This means that the entire length of the rod inserted is stirred by the blades,
The method is no different from the situation with the earth auger, but the difference is that the soil removal that occurs with the earth auger does not occur at this stage, and the common drawback is that You need to have tools of all sizes.

It can be said that it is a menopausal agent. Taking all of these into account, the present invention has adopted the following method. In other words, since it is known based on the ground survey that has been conducted in advance how many meters deep and what kind of hardness and type of soil exists, the range to be loosened is estimated and planned. Next, construction begins on site, during which an injection rod that can withstand the pressure is rotated and press-fitted.

This injection rod has a cutting edge attached to its tip to facilitate smooth insertion, and the other end has an injection nozzle that can be inserted at a substantially right angle.

Other than this, I haven't heard anything special about this injection rod. The process of press-fitting this rod is 5 degrees; when the rod is inserted, it is first rotated and press-fitted, but if necessary, a very small amount of water (i: 1 fit) is injected from this injection port to make the insertion smooth. Filling resistance f at the time of insertion: By measuring 1 m, it is possible to compare with the above-mentioned ground survey, and the above estimation can be confirmed on site. Once it is inserted, it will start rotating and pulling up.

In this case, pour water or cement milk etc. into the injection port for 50 minutes.
By injecting at a pressure of Kg/cr71 to 500 K9/lrA, the ground around the rod is reformed into a muddy state by collapse, excavation, stirring, etc. At this time, the '1lil' that the injection liquid hits
The soil will become muddy for s minutes, but if the rising speed is increased, a spiral trajectory may remain, but depending on the soil quality, this may be fine, and the point is to make it easier to drive the piles later. In addition, there is almost no vibration as a condition during pouring.
The method of reforming treatment differs depending on the 1jj case, which requires near-noise, and the case where a certain amount of vibration and noise is acceptable. That is, if no residual reforming is required, for example, a pressure of 50 to 2/ca will increase the speed of rotational pulling, and in the opposite case, a pressure of 500 to 2/ca will cause the pulling speed to be slow and loosen. In addition, even if the soil is loosened to the same extent, if the soil is very hard, inject at a high pressure, and if the pile has a large diameter, inject at a higher pressure overall, etc., and adjust the injection pressure and rotational pulling speed. The goal is to construct ground that has been arbitrarily modified. Of course, the injection rod is of one type, and it is possible to perform preliminary excavation for ready-made piles of, for example, 300φ to 600φ3, or if a considerable amount of loosening is performed to make the rod vibration-free and noise-free. In some cases, the return of the surrounding ground after construction cannot be expected, so by using cement milk as the injection liquid (for example, milk with a weight ratio of 1 part cement to 1 part water), the earth and sand that has been converted into modified mud can be converted into soil cement. make it into a shape. This will serve as an auxiliary means to recover the tip due to surface friction. The key is to take these into account and gradually loosen the soil in an upward direction according to the work plan, such as loosening the soil sufficiently if the soil is hard. 163. This loosening work is basically done when pulling upwards, but since the ground is stable, and after performing this work several times, loosening will not necessarily be done upwards, but will be done systematically when inserting downwards. You may do so.

By the way, although the gauge pressure range shown in the claims is applicable to ready-made piles, the diameter of normal ready-made piles is about 300φ to 1000φ, and in regular use it is about 300φ to 1000φ.
There are many 600φ. In the preliminary excavation process for these piles, if the ground is to be loosened to the extent that there is no vibration and almost no noise, in other words, the pile will scuttle under its own weight, it is necessary to conduct preliminary excavation in an area close to the diameter of the pile. . Generally, the latter is stronger when it comes to the energy for excavation by water injection and the injection energy of liquid containing fine particles such as cement milk, but considering that the present invention can be applied to either, the pressure is set by taking into account the actual test described later. i.e. a minimum of 50 Kg/l
The pressure rA is approximately equal to the diameter of the rod to be inserted by excavating the ground around Dcm, and if it is less than this, the rod is merely inserted and the initial purpose cannot be achieved. On the other hand, on the high pressure side, as mentioned above, considering the construction of a maximum of 1000φ, 500 to 9
If the pressure drops to 7-, it's just right.

Within the above range, set the desired excavation diameter by adjusting the pulling speed, rotation speed, discharge amount, etc.

Next, move on to the construction of the piles. As equipment used for this purpose, there are various types of machines equipped with soundproofing devices. In other words, diesel hammers, which generate explosive noise and exhaust smoke and are difficult to install soundproofing devices, are not suitable; on the other hand, hydraulic hammers or simple Monken hammers are used.
In a sense, we use a method of driving piles using a vibration method, which can be thought of as a fine impact action. In particular, according to the present invention, consideration is given to a considerable amount of penetration with one blow, so a system that can adjust the blow energy so that excessive blows are not applied to the pile at once is required in order to penetrate close to the support layer A. Of course, a diesel hammer type device is unsuitable in that sense as well. As a result, impact construction can be carried out in the modified part close to the support layer with almost no vibration or noise. After this, the supporting layer is penetrated by hammer for the required length, but this is the final finishing touch to obtain a large supporting force, and noise must be prevented by soundproofing equipment, and vibrations must be avoided at a considerable depth. Therefore, it can be poured with almost no impact.

However, in areas where the effects of vibration caused by pouring are likely to be a problem, appropriate measures must be taken. Therefore, the following processing may be necessary depending on the case.

That is, preliminary excavation was basically carried out in the area immediately in front of the support layer, but the support layer was also preliminary excavated to the required length. In this case, the excavation length is 21) to 5D (D
: Pile diameter), this method also requires the same amount of penetration. If the support layer is also used in this way, the amount of pouring will be reduced. In addition, in this method, preliminary excavation within the support layer must not be performed simply in the same manner as preliminary excavation above it.

In other words, ensure a reliable supporting force/When excavating within the support layer, for example, water 1:7 m) 1.5 (Mfif ratio)
like? It is necessary to inject milk with a degree of 6 FA and also add additives to this milk to prevent breathing and prevent it from escaping through running water. As a result, while the amount of pouring is reduced, it is possible to develop supporting force using auxiliary means such as consolidation material.

In this type of driving system, one method is to press in the piles and, if necessary, apply rotational press-in to create a hanging eave light, in order to reduce as much as possible the occurrence of light hammering during the process. It is also a working method that makes insertion easier. As described above, the present invention is an epoch-making system that returns to the basics of using ready-made piles and enables impact construction.

Example For the columnar construction ground shown in Table 1, the relationship between the discharge pressure of the toshi and the excavation diameter shown in Figure 1 was investigated and observed,
The preliminary excavation process (■ to ■) and the pile driving process (■ to ■) in FIG. 2 were carried out. Explain in order.

■:: Input rod insertion machine (normal boring machine)
1 is installed, and the injection rod 2 is erected using the crane 6. After that, the rod is airtightened and then press-fitted while being rotated. The injection hose 3 is connected to the rod via the swivel 5.
A distal end portion 4 having an injection port and a cutting blade capable of ejecting in an approximately angle direction with respect to the axis is joined to the distal end.

Equipment used: Infusion pump PG-50 Injection diameter 2.2- Injection rod 85 closed φ ■: Continue press-fitting while adding the inlet rod.

(2): The injection rod that has arrived just before the support layer l-type completes its insertion.

(2) Next, the process moves to the excavation process, where the injection rod 2 is similarly rotated and pulled up while injecting water, cement milk, etc. at high pressure.

■: Excavation by injection differs depending on soil quality, hardness, etc., but in the example shown in Figure 2, (a) - 0 Up to now, five types of loosening methods have been implemented. That is, in this example, r-t
The case is the most relaxed, and this part can be considered to be the middle layer. On the other hand, the part marked (→) has hardly been loosened. This part is, for example, a soft silt area and there is little need to loosen the original, so there are few loosening methods. Execute and complete the process.

■Secondly, the pile driving process begins. A pile driving tower 7 and a hammer 8 with noise countermeasures are prepared and piles 9 are erected.

■: Start driving after vertically standing 0 ■: The jM construction continues by splicing piles 9 until the bearing layer weight is 0.

(2): Finally, the support layer 10 is cast and penetrated, and the entire process is completed.

Margin below −8ζ

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIGS. 1-1 are diagrams showing the relationship between the discharge pressure of the injection rod and the excavation diameter, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view sequentially explaining the steps of the present invention. 1: Injection rod insertion machine, 2: Injection rod, 3: Injection hose, 4: Injection rod tip, 5: Swivel, 6:
Crane, 7: Pile driving tower, 8: Low-noise impact device (hammer), 9: Pile, 10: Supporting layer 1 棧((4rl Figure 1 [) 0 100 200 300 400 500 □ Mitsugu Mizuguchi 111 Koyo 30 (Cage Pressure %/) Procedural Amendment Form) December 2, 1981 Kazuo Wakasugi, Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office 1, Incident Indication RO 058' 1 head and shellfish 5300
9 No. 2, Name of the invention Low-pollution pile construction method 3, Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant 4, Date of Neili official order 6, Contents of the amendment ゛ ゛(1), Drawings attached to the description Figure 1. Figure 2 is corrected as shown in the attached sheet. Written amendment to the above procedures (voluntary) 1 Indication of the case 1982 Patent Application No. 153009
No. 2 Name of the invention Low-pollution pile construction method a Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant 1-2-6-4 Dojimahama, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Prefecture, "Detailed description of the invention" in the specification to be amended and ``Brief Description of the Drawings'', Section 5, Contents of Amendment (1) Specification, page 11, line 8, ``Figure 1'' has been replaced with 1, 2.
Correct it to "Fig." (2) Same, page 11, line 9, "Figure 2" and "Figure 1"
and correct it. (3) Same, page 12, line 11, "Figure 2" was replaced with "Figure 1"
and correct it. (4) Specification, page 15, lines 2 to 4, [Figure 1 ■ to ■ are sectional views. ” to the following sentence. "Figures 1 - 2 are side sectional views sequentially explaining the preliminary excavation process, 2 - 2 side sectional views sequentially explaining the pile driving process, and Figure 2 shows the relationship between injection rod discharge pressure and excavation diameter. This is a relationship diagram of

Claims (1)

[Claims] Insert the injection rod into the ground, and while rotating the injection rod up or down, pour a total of 50 volumes of water or cement milk, etc./- to 500Kq/ in a direction approximately perpendicular to the axis.
cII! A preliminary process involves loosening the ground by applying one shot of high-pressure water to the bales, and then inserting ready-made piles into the bales using a low-noise water-driving device to the vicinity of the support layer, and then penetrating the piles into the support layer using the same device. Low pollution pile construction method consisting of process