JPS6045796A - High-speed pump - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To secure such a high-speed pump as being excellent in high lift and large flow, by installing a proper number of flow holes piercing the surface of a moving blade through the opposite back surface, while making a part of pressure fluid conductible from the moving blade to the opposite back part. CONSTITUTION:At the central part of each moving blade 3 combined with a duct type casing 1, each of moving blades 3 is attached to the surface of an impeller plate 2 provided with a boss 5 in order to be secured tight to a rotary main shaft. Each of these moving blades 3 is made up into bulgingly bent form in its front part in relation to a rotation direction of the impeller plate 2, while troughlike groove parts 7 are made up along the center line of its curved surface, and at each bulgingly bent surface of these moving blades 3 and the side wall of each groove part 7 or the bottom plate, there are provided with many flow holes having a spanning diameter being almost equal to thickness of each moving blade 3 in place each.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Field of Application: The present invention enables the rotary vanes to rotate at high speed by suppressing the crimping that occurs between the front and rear surfaces of the vanes inside the pump, and as a result, the overall shape can be reduced. The present invention relates to a high-speed pump that can be made more versatile, has improved versatility in use, and requires less driving power.

Prior art: Pumps can be broadly classified into reciprocating pumps, centrifugal pumps, rotary pumps, and special pumps, and it is well known that each type of pump has characteristics that are suitable for various uses and are effective. It is as follows. In particular, centrifugal pumps are the most versatile. Centrifugal pumps such as volute pumps and turbine pumps use the centrifugal force of water, while axial flow pumps use the lift of the blades of the globebeller to apply pressure to liquids. It is designed to force or send it to a required position. The rotational speed of the pump is determined as the optimum specific speed depending on which of the head and flow rate is selected as the dominant requirement. However, in centrifugal or rotary pumps, if the rotational speed of the impeller is too high, crimping occurs on the front and back surfaces of the impeller, and in areas of low pressure, part of the liquid evaporates, creating bubbles. The pressure at which bubbles are generated differs depending on the amount of air contained in the liquid, but when these bubbles pass through a pressure drop area, the vapor of the liquid in the bubbles condenses and returns to liquid, causing the bubbles to disappear. The blade surface is subjected to a powerful blow due to the impact caused by the sudden change in volume over time, leading to erosion of the surface, causing so-called cavitation.

Therefore, the rotational speed of the pump must have a certain limit in terms of efficiency or durability unless it adopts the same structure as a conventional impeller. It was inevitable that the system would be complicated, such as using multiple stages of cars.

Purpose of the invention: In view of the current situation, the present invention makes it possible to rotate the impeller at high speed by eliminating the restrictions on determining the rotation speed of the impeller. The idea was to propose a high-speed pump that could easily obtain a flow rate, and it was created with a flow hole in the main part of the rotating blade to allow pressure fluid to flow through it, even when the impeller rotates at high speed. Liquid is conducted through the above-mentioned circulation hole to the back and forth parts of the rotating blade, so that negative pressure is not generated in the core part, bubble generation and the resulting vortex component are eliminated, cavitation is completely eliminated, and high-speed rotation is imparted to the impeller. The object of the present invention is to provide a high-speed pump that can obtain a high head or a large flow rate by utilizing the large centrifugal force that is generated.

Structure and embodiments of the invention: Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

Each rotating impeller unit is combined with the rotary vane of the pump shown in FIG. 1 and the vortex chamber type casing illustrated in FIGS. 5, 7, and 14, and the duct as shown in FIG. 10. For example, as shown in Fig. 1, in the rotary blade that is combined with the casing of the mold, the rotary blade (3) is mounted on the surface of the impeller disk (2), which has a boss (5) in the center that is fixed to the rotating main shaft. ). This rotating blade (3) is connected to an impeller disk (
1) The front part has a bulging and curved shape with respect to the rotation direction,
As shown in Fig. 2 or 3, a gutter-like groove (7) is formed in the center line bath of the bulging curved surface, and a rotary blade (3) is provided.
The bulging curved surface and groove part (7) side wall or bottom plate of the
A large number of communication holes (6) having a diameter across the width approximately the same as the thickness of the rotary blade (3) are bored at appropriate locations.

In other words, the casing (1) has a pedestal, and the abdominal plate or the duct end is the suction port (3).
The impeller disk (2) or boss (5) is directly fixed to the impeller disk (2) or boss (5), which enables high-speed rotation by external power or direct drive through a transmission part such as a pulley in a pressure liquid chamber formed by a The rotating blade (3) is provided with a circulation hole (6) as described above,
Because the pressure liquid is conducted from the surface of the rotating blade to the opposite surface,
It is possible to prevent phenomena such as cavitation caused by negative pressure at the opposite and rear sides of the rotary vane in the direction of rotation (inward), creating eddy currents.

In addition to the shape of the rotating blade (3) shown in Fig. 1, in which the rotating blade (3) is fixed only to one side of the impeller disk (2), there are various shapes as shown below. It can be done.

The one shown in FIG. 5 has rotating blades (3) and (3)', each having a large number of flow holes (6), fixed to both sides of an impeller disk (2). Impeller board (2)
Also drill a rectifying hole <6Y. It is preferable to arrange these flow straightening holes (6Y in the direction of rotation of the rotary vane (3)) directly behind, and as shown in FIG. Since the pressure liquid can be freely conducted, in addition to the pressure liquid passing through the rotating blade (3) and the <3Y communication hole (6), pressure liquid is also brought to the other side of the impeller disk (2). As a result, it is possible to more effectively prevent a drop in fluid pressure on the opposite side of the rotary blade (3) and (3γ), and even when a large centrifugal force is generated due to high-speed rotation of the rotary blade, it is possible to prevent the liquid pressure from decreasing on the surface and opposite side of the rotary blade. Contributes to eliminating crimping.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 7 or 8 is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 or 5 in that the end of the rotating blade (3) near the center reaches and connects to the boss (5). Therefore, the pressure liquid cannot circulate to the back surface of the rotary vane through the gap between the rotary vane and the boss. Therefore, in order to minimize the pressure bond between the surface of the rotary blade and the opposite surface, the number of flow holes (6) formed in the rotary blade (3) is increased compared to those in the above embodiment, and the effective flow area is increased. They are set to be almost the same as a whole, and are configured to suppress the occurrence of crimping. In addition, in such an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, instead of using a rotary blade with circulation holes, it is also possible to use a rotary blade in the form of a punch plate, for example, with a large number of pores perforated, as shown in FIG. This is effective in generating pressurized liquid based on large centrifugal force without causing pressure contact between the front and back surfaces of the blades.

The one shown in Figures 10 to 12 is a propeller-type rotary vane (3) used in an axial flow pump, and as shown in Figure 11, which shows a radial cross section, it has a boss (5) and a concentric groove (3).
7), and communication holes (6) are arranged on both sides of this groove (7). The flow hole (6) seen in this example is the first
As shown in Figure 2, it is necessary to drill holes at a slope opposite to the direction of rotation of the propeller-type rotary blade (3). It counteracts the inertia applied to the liquid and maintains an appropriate amount of pressure liquid conduction from the surface of the rotating blade to the back side, making it easier to balance the pressure on the front side of the rotating blade and preventing the occurrence of cavitation. It is an effective means of prevention.

The one shown in Fig. 13 is a closed type rotary impeller, and the impeller part has a groove (7) similar to that shown in Fig. 4, and a grooved part (7) as shown in Fig. 10. It is a combination of propeller-type rotating blades. This embodiment has both the characteristics of a centrifugal pump and an axial flow pump, and is particularly advantageous in that excellent efficiency can be obtained over a wide range of rotational speeds, and that it is highly adaptable.

What is shown in FIGS. 14 to 16 is an embodiment of a high-pressure pump having rotary vanes capable of high-speed rotation according to the present invention.

As shown in Fig. 14, this embodiment has an impeller disc (
The rotary vanes attached to 2) are a large rotary vane (3) with a communication hole (6) and a small rotary vane (3'f) disposed near the boss (5). The large rotary vane (3) is a pressurizing vane, and the small rotary vane (3)' is a suction-only vane, which strongly sucks liquid from the suction port (8) and applies a strong centrifugal force to generate pressurized liquid.

Then, the pressurized liquid generated in the impeller chamber fills the pressurized liquid ring chamber 4 through the pressurized liquid hole (6) αυ bored surrounding the impeller chamber, and is forced to the outside through the discharge port (9). In this embodiment, as the rotary blade rotates at high speed, the pressure liquid of the pressure liquid ring group αQ becomes high pressure uniformly in each part, and steady pressure liquid can be obtained without causing pulsation, so it is suitable not only for pumping liquid but also for various purposes. It's very convenient.

In addition, since the present invention can operate at a much higher rotational speed than various conventional pumps, the number of rotating blades is relatively small as seen in each of the above embodiments.
Even with a normal polyneat pump as shown in Figure 7, it is possible to
In addition, in a turbine pump as shown in Fig. 18, the rotary vane (3) is provided with circulation holes (6) (6), and the guide vane (4) is also provided with communication holes (6) (6). In particular, since the rotary vanes can be rotated at high speed without causing cavitation, not only can the pumps be made smaller compared to conventional ordinary rotary vanes, but also pumps with high head or large The flow rate can be easily obtained.

Effects of the invention: In the high-speed pump of the present invention in which the rotary vane (3) is configured as described above, the liquid sucked through the suction port (8) and filling the casing (1) has a pressure as follows. shows balanced behavior. That is, due to the high-speed rotation of the rotary blade (3), the liquid is entrained and generates centrifugal force, and at the same time a large number of flow holes (6) are generated.
), and reaches the opposite and rear parts of the rotary blade (3), and moves to the tip of each rotary blade while filling each interval of the rotary blade (3) with uniform pressure.

Therefore, in the high-pressure pump of the present invention, negative pressure is never generated on the opposite sides of the rotary vane, and the pressure is leveled on both the front and rear sides of the rotary vane, there is no vortex component, and cavitation does not occur. be. As a result, the liquid moves out of the distribution area of the rotary vanes as a normal laminar flow, becomes a pressure liquid, and is sent out from the discharge port to the outside.A suction force corresponding to the amount of pressure liquid pushed out is generated at the center. Continuous suction of liquid takes place.

As the rotational speed of the rotary blade increases, the pressure of the liquid in the aqua regia chamber inside the casing increases, and the amount of liquid sucked into the suction port also increases. It continues in a continuous state without pulsating.

Note that the relationship between the rotating blades and the flow holes is such that when the rotating blades are curved plate-shaped as shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 7, or FIG. The amount tends to be small, and there is a concern that it will be difficult to smoothly relieve the pressure between the surface part of the rotating blade and the opposite back part. This objective can be achieved by increasing the total amount of pressure fluid that is passed through. In addition, if the surface of the rotating blade has a groove that becomes a channel or V-shaped groove as shown in Figures 1, 3, 4, or $13, the pressure liquid will be well accompanied by the rotating blade due to the groove. In particular, the pressure liquid can be easily conducted to the opposite side of the rotary blade from the flow hole formed in the groove bottom, groove, or side wall, and the pressure on the front and back sides of the rotary blade can be effectively relieved.

The present invention enables the impeller to rotate at high speed without causing cavitation by eliminating pressure between the front and rear surfaces of the rotary blade in the rotational direction, and it is possible to obtain high head and large flow rate despite being small. However, as long as it is possible and complies with the spirit of the present invention, the technical idea is not limited to the various embodiments described above, and any modifications or applications derived therefrom are within the technical scope of the present invention. Needless to say, it is included.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
3 is a perspective view of the rotating blade in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a view showing a modification thereof, FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of another embodiment, and FIG. Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along ■--■ in Figure 5. Figure 7 is an explanatory diagram of one embodiment. Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along ■--■ in Figure 7. Figure 9 is a modification of the one shown in Figure 8. Example diagram,
Figure 10 is a diagram of one embodiment of a propeller-type rotating blade, Figure 11
The figure is a sectional view taken along line XI-XI in Figure 10, and Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 10.
Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the cutting surface, Fig. 13 is an example of a combination rotary blade, Figs. The vertical sectional view, FIG. 16 is an xw-xvr view explanatory diagram of FIG.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a porlute pump, and FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of a turbine pump. (1)...Casing (2)...Impeller board (3)
(37'...) Rotating vane (4)... Guide vane (5
)... Boss (6)... Distribution hole (6γ... Rectification hole (7)... Groove (8)... Suction port (9)...
Discharge port σQ...Pressure liquid ring group (b)...Pressure liquid hole Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 118 Fig. 13 Fig. 7-. 3 Figure B2

Claims (1)

[Claims] A rotating blade has a structure in which an appropriate number of communication holes are drilled through the rotating blade from the surface to the opposite side, and a part of the pressure liquid can be conducted from the surface to the opposite side of the blade. A high-speed pump, characterized in that it is rotatably provided within a suitably shaped casing.