JPS6045021B2 - Tools and methods for rolling splines etc. - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a tool used for rolling a cylindrical workpiece having splines or serrations on its outer periphery, and a rolling method for effectively using the tool.

Conventionally, the rolling method has been widely used as a method for processing splines and serrations, and some of these processed products have grooves in the middle of the tooth width of the spline or serration.

Conventional tools were made as a single piece with particular emphasis on the tooth profile of the workpiece, and no countermeasures were taken against the occurrence of sagging and burrs on the tooth end face of the workpiece. It was not possible to secure the required tooth profile over a period of time.
In addition, when the outer periphery of teeth rolled with a conventional rolling tool is viewed in a direction perpendicular to the tooth width, regardless of the size of the tooth width '0,
It is known that the area near the center of the tooth width becomes convex, forming a drum shape, and the smaller the tooth width, the larger the drum shape. 1st
The figure shows the process of changing the shape of a workpiece after rolling from a material using a conventional rolling tool.The state of the cylindrical material shown in A after rolling is shown in B. and burrs are occurring. C is a processed product with burrs removed, but both ends of the teeth are sagging and the center is convex, creating a drum shape. On the other hand, as shown in Figure 2A, the outer diameter near the end face of the material is increased to compensate for the sagging. ? ? ? --? −? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? −
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? −? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? There is also a method of securing the tooth profile over the required tooth width, but even with this method, it is still difficult to correct the sag.
As shown in B, burrs are generated.
li must be removed, and sufficient effects cannot be obtained. In particular, for products with grooves in the middle of the tooth width, grooves are created by machining after rolling, or grooves are machined into the material before rolling. For those that perform machining, even if the groove dimensions are determined, burrs are generated within the tooth grooves due to machining, and burrs must be removed. Furthermore, even if a material with grooves formed in advance is rolled, the burrs generated during rolling will protrude into the grooves as described above, making it impossible to obtain the desired grooves. Therefore, machining is necessary to create the required grooves, and in any case, burrs will form within the tooth grooves and must be removed again.
This invention solves these conventional problems,
Prevents sagging and burrs from forming on the end surface of the workpiece, and
The ridge line is a straight line and the required shape spans the entire tooth width.
Processing with splines and serrations,
Attempts to provide tools and methods that can roll objects
A rolling tool that combines a rolling die that creates a tooth profile on the outer periphery of a cylindrical workpiece with a tooth end forming metal, and in the case of a workpiece that has a groove in the middle, a groove forming metal, and This tool is used to roll the material of the workpiece that has been pre-processed into the required special shape, and simultaneously rolls the tooth profile, tooth end face, groove in the middle of the tooth width, and tooth width to the required size. This relates to a rolling method that allows for a high quality finish.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

Figure 3 shows the application of this invention to a rack-shaped rolling die.
The side view of the rolling tool 10 shown in FIG.
As is well known, the tooth height of the chair gradually increases as it moves backwards.
is high and finally there are many teeth that form the finishing edge in the longitudinal direction.
A cylindrical material is sandwiched between a pair of upper and lower rolling dies, and both dies are moved longitudinally in opposite directions to rotate the material, forming splines, serrations, etc. on the outer circumferential surface. It is used for rolling gears, spline shafts, serration shafts, etc. 1 is the body of the rolling die, and 2 is its rolling tooth.

3 is a tooth end face molding metal, 4 is a groove molding metal, and these are assembled together with bolts 5. Fig. 4 shows a tool for rolling a workpiece that does not have a groove in the middle.A rolling die 1 has a tooth end forming metal 3 on both end faces in the tooth width direction.
3 and are assembled together with bolt 5.
Tooth end surface formation The gold 3 protrudes beyond the rolling tooth 2 of the rolling die 1, and its side surface can be slid into contact with the end surface of the tooth width of the workpiece. Figure 5 shows a tool used to roll a workpiece with a groove in the middle.A groove forming die 4 is sandwiched between two rolling dies 1 and 1, and a groove forming die 4 is inserted between the two rolling dies. The tooth end face molding metal 3, 3 is applied and this is fixed together with bolt 5.
Ru. The groove forming metal 4 also protrudes higher than the rolled teeth 2. Groove molding metal 4 is also a type of tooth end surface molding metal 3, and its width is equal to the groove width of the workpiece to be molded, and it is used as the inner side in the tooth width direction of a spline or serration divided by the groove. This is used to form the tooth end face of the tooth end face, and the only difference from the tooth end face molding metal at both ends is that its width and height are controlled by the width and depth of the groove in the workpiece. Figure 6 is a front view showing the relationship between the rolling tool and the workpiece, and shows an example of rolling a workpiece with a groove 6 in the middle. It is located.

The material 7 has a cylindrical shape, and the tooth width of the rolling die is made to exactly match the width of the portion 8 where the tooth profile of the material is formed. A groove 6 is previously formed in the material 7 by machining. Note 2: What is noteworthy is that a chamfer 9 or a recess is provided at the end of the outer peripheral surface of the portion 8 where the tooth profile of the material is formed, that is, at the end of the tooth width. This chamfer 9 is used to make the tooth profile near the end face the same as the tooth profile at the center of the tooth width after rolling, and is important in this development 3C8. Is the material to be rolled prepared in advance? By machining it into a special shape such as -, the required shape will be achieved after rolling.
Figure 7 shows the intermediate forming process using the rolling tool shown in Figure 4.
Rolling tool 135 for rolling workpieces without grooves
This shows the relationship between the workpiece and the tooth end surface forming on both sides.
73, of the rolled teeth 2 of the rolling die 1 held in 3.
・Width and width of the part 8 where the tooth profile of the material 7 is to be formed
are equal to each other, and at the end of the outer circumferential surface of portion 8,
9 is applied, and these are the implementation 4θ of Fig. 6.
is exactly the same.

When material 7 begins to be rolled, the teeth of rolling die 1
bites into the material 7 from its outer circumferential surface, and the die
Along with the movement, the material 7 also rotates.

The teeth of the Hirozo die 1 cause plastic deformation of the material and gradually form teeth. During rolling, the tooth pulp, or metal, created flows in the outer diameter direction and on both end faces of the tooth. This flow of meat gradually occurs during the process in which the workpiece is rolled while being rotated by the rolling die.
As mentioned above, this flow of meat in the tooth width direction is caused by the chamfer 9 or relief provided in the material in advance, so burrs do not occur until a certain number of teeth after rolling starts, but burrs occur after a certain point. do. At this time, the number of burrs generated is very small per tooth of the rolling die. The flow of flesh that should become a slight burr gradually hits the sides of the tooth end face molding metal and groove molding metal, but the pressure applied to the tooth end face molding metal (and groove molding metal) due to the repeated occurrence of this slight burr is also small. In the case of the tooth end face molding metal, the burr fills the chamfered part in the outer circumferential direction while forming a tooth shape, and when it reaches the point where the finishing teeth of the rolling die are located, the tooth shape near the end face is filled with burrs. Formation ends.
At this time, the direction of the flow of the meat changes, and the meat that had been flowing from near the center of the tooth toward both end faces finishes forming the tooth shape, and now hits the end face molding metal and begins to flow toward the center. do. This action, combined with the action of the flow from near the center to the end face, causes the flesh to swell up uniformly over the entire tooth width, forming a uniform tooth profile, and the tip of the tooth, which was conventionally drum-shaped, is created. The ridge line is straight, and the required tooth end face shape and groove shape without sagging or burrs can be obtained only by rolling. Furthermore, the shape of the tooth end surface of the workpiece can be easily and freely obtained by forming the required shape on the side surface of the tooth end surface molding metal. Further, depending on the shape of the rolled product, a part of the molding metal in the biting part may be cut or angled in the longitudinal direction in order to reduce the frictional resistance during biting. FIG. 8 shows a workpiece 7 having a serration with a groove 6 in the middle at the tip of the shaft, and a rolling tool 10 for rolling the workpiece 7. In this case, one tooth end Tr is used for rolling the workpiece 7.
A forming metal 3, one groove forming metal 4, and two rolling dies 1 are integrated with bolts 5.

The raw material has chamfered edges on the outer circumferential surface of the portions on both sides of the zero groove 6 where tooth profiles are formed and on the outer circumferential edges of the portions that contact the tooth end surface molding metal 3. Although the rack-type rolling die has been described above, it goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to a rolling tool using a general flat die or round die.

In addition, this rolling tool is manufactured by assembling and fixing the tooth end face forming metal and groove forming metal of the rolling die, which are manufactured separately, into one piece.Since each component is separate, it is easy to manufacture highly accurate tools. can be obtained. Also, since it is an assembly type, it is now possible to form splines, serrations, snap ring grooves, etc. simultaneously and with high precision by rolling. In addition, conventionally rolled workpieces take into account sagging and burrs, but with this invention, sag and burrs are not taken into account, so the outer diameter and length are smaller than conventional materials. It can produce many excellent effects such as improved retention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1A is a front view of a material being rolled using a conventional rolling tool, Figure 1B is a front view showing the tip shape of the workpiece after rolling, and Figure 1C is a front view of the product with burrs removed. Upper half front view, Figure 2A
B is a front view of the upper part of the material with a larger outer diameter near the end surface.
3 is a front view showing the shape of the five tooth tips of the workpiece after rolling, C is a front view of the upper half of the workpiece completed after removing burrs, and FIG. 3 is a side view of the rolling tool of the present invention. , 4 and 5 are respectively front views of the upper half of different embodiments of the rolling tool 2, and FIG. 6 is a 10th front view showing the relationship between the rolling tool and the workpiece in FIG. 7 is a front view showing the relationship between the rolling tool and the workpiece in FIG. 4, and FIG. 8 is a front view showing the relationship between the rolling tool and the workpiece in yet another embodiment. 1... Rolling die body, 2... Teeth, 3
...Tooth end face molding metal, 4...Groove molding metal,
5...Bolt, 6...35...Groove, 7...
...Material, 8...Part where the tooth profile is to be formed, 9...Chamfering, 10... Rolling tool.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A separate tooth end surface protruding from the rolling die toward the center of the workpiece, on the end face in the tooth width direction of a rolling die having a tooth profile and tooth width corresponding to the tooth profile to be formed. A tool for rolling splines, etc., characterized by combining and fixing forming metals. 2. For rolling splines, etc. as set forth in claim 1, in which a tooth end face molding metal as a groove forming metal is fixed between a plurality of rolling dies, and tooth end face molding metals are combined and fixed on the end faces of both ends. tool. 3. A tool for rolling splines, etc., as set forth in claim 1, in which tooth end face molding metals are assembled and fixed to both ends in the tooth width direction of one rolling die. 4 In a rolling method such as spline, in which a rolling die having a tooth profile corresponding to the tooth profile to be formed is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical material and the tooth profile is formed while rotating the material by the movement of the rolling die, the tooth profile is A chamfer or relief is provided in advance on the edge of the outer circumferential surface in the tooth width direction of the part where the tooth profile is to be formed, and the tooth profile and tooth profile corresponding to the tooth profile to be formed are cut in advance. The outer peripheral surface of the material is pressed by a rolling tool that is fixed to the end surface of a rolling die in the tooth width direction, with a separate tooth end forming metal that protrudes from the rolling die toward the center of the workpiece. First, a flow of metal is generated in the outer diameter direction and width direction of the material, and the flow in the width direction is regulated with tooth end face forming gold to fill the chamfer or relief part and roll it in the outer circumferential direction. After forming a raised tooth profile, rolling is continued until the flow of metal flowing in the tooth width direction is reversed toward the center in the tooth width direction with the tooth edge forming gold, and rolling is continued until the tooth ridge line becomes straight. A method for rolling splines, etc., characterized by: