JPS6042258Y2 - combustion device - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a combustion device that atomizes and ignites liquid fuel using an ultrasonic vibrator.

Conventionally, in this type of device, the temperature of the liquid fuel is low and the viscosity is high at the time of ignition, so the atomization efficiency by the ultrasonic oscillator is low, and the atomized fuel with the high concentration required for ignition cannot be supplied to the burner device. An electric heater is provided at the bottom of the atomization chamber to heat the liquid fuel and reduce its viscosity, thereby improving atomization efficiency.

However, with such a conventional structure, it takes a considerable amount of time to heat the liquid fuel, so it takes a long time to obtain the atomized fuel at the concentration necessary for ignition, that is, the ignition time, and an electric heater is required. The drawback is that it is complicated and costly.

The present invention was developed in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to atomize liquid fuel using only an ultrasonic vibrator to obtain atomized fuel with a high concentration that is easy to ignite. To provide a combustion device which can greatly shorten the time, omit an electric heater, has a simple configuration, and can be manufactured at low cost.

An embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a forced air supply/exhaust type kerosene stove will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2, 1 is an outer case, 2 is a cassette-type fuel tank that is removably housed in the outer case 1, and 3 is white kerosene, which is a liquid fuel, flowing out from the fuel tank 2 into a saucer 4. A constant oil level device flows in through a conduit 5, an atomization chamber 6 is connected to the constant oil level device 3 through a conduit 7, and an ultrasonic vibrator 8 is attached to the bottom plate 6a of the atomization chamber 6. be.

Reference numerals 9 and 10 denote light emitting diodes and phototransistors as detection elements, which are provided at the upper portions of opposing side walls 6b and bC of the atomization chamber 6 so as to face each other.

On the other hand, the top plate 6d of the atomization chamber 6 has two communication ports 6e and 6f.
A communication port 6e is provided on the top plate 6d.
, 6f to communicate with the inside of the atomization chamber 6, and the partition plate 1
There are two ventilation chambers 12, 13 separated by 1.

A valve body 14 for opening and closing the communication port 6f is provided in the ventilation chamber 13 and is movable up and down via a valve stem 14a.
is an electromagnetic device that controls opening and closing of this valve body 14.

16 is a combustion fan that sucks outside air from outside, 17 is a ventilation pipe for supplying air from the fan 16 into the ventilation chamber 12, 18 is a burner with a burner plate 18a mounted on the upper surface, and 19 is a burner 18. Burner case covering the surrounding area, 2
Reference numeral 0 denotes a blowout port that blows out secondary air from inside the burner case 19 above the burner 18 , and the burner device 21 is composed of the burner 18 and the burner case 19 .

22 is a misting pipe that communicates the ventilation chamber 13 and the burner 18; 23
is a ventilation pipe that communicates the ventilation chamber 12 and the burner case 19, and a supply device 24 is constituted by the fan 16, the valve body 14, and the mist guide pipe 22.

25 is a combustion chamber that covers the upper part of the burner device 21; 26 is an exhaust port for guiding exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 25 to the outside of the machine;
Reference numeral 27 designates a circulation fan for passing indoor air through a heat exchanger (not shown) provided around the combustion chamber 25, heating it, and blowing the air into the room again. Reference numeral 28 designates a motor for driving the fan 27.

Now, FIG. 3 shows a wiring diagram of the control circuit, which will be described in detail below.

29.30 is an AC power supply terminal, between which the primary winding of the transformer 32.33 and the motor 16a of the fan 16 are connected in parallel via the main switch 31;
A series circuit of an ultrasonic vibrator 8 and a relay switch 33 is connected in parallel with the motor 6a, and an electromagnetic device 1 is connected in parallel with the motor 16a.
5 and a series circuit of relay switch 34 are connected.

A diode 35 and a resistor 36 are connected to the secondary winding of the transformer 32.
A rectifier and smoothing circuit consisting of a capacitor 37 is connected, a series circuit of a resistor 40 and a light emitting diode 9 is connected between the positive power line 38 and the negative power line 39, and the collector of the phototransistor 10 is connected to the positive power line 38. Then, the emitter of the phototransistor 10 is connected to the negative power supply line 39 via a resistor 41.

42 is an NPN transistor whose base is connected to the emitter of the phototransistor 10, whose emitter is connected to the negative power supply line 39, and whose collector is connected to the positive power supply line 38 through a resistor 43.

44 is an NPN transistor whose base is connected to the collector of the transistor 42 , whose emitter is connected to the negative power line 39 , and whose collector is connected to the positive power line 38 via a relay coil 45 .

46 is a thyristor whose anode is connected to the positive power line 38 through a relay coil 47 and a relay switch 48, whose cathode is connected to the negative power line 39, and whose gate is connected through a protective resistor 49 and a capacitor 5° in parallel. It is connected to the negative power line 39 and to the positive power line 38 via a semi-fixed resistor 51.

Reference numeral 52 denotes a flame sensor disposed above the burner 18, and when a flame is generated in the burner 18, the flame sensor 52
A small current flows from the burner 18 to the burner 18, which is connected to the base of the NPN transistor 53 via the secondary winding of the transformer 33 (the winding ratio of the transformer 33 is set to 1:1). Connected.

The frame sensor 52 is connected to the negative power line 39 via a resistor 54, the emitter of a transistor 53 is connected to the negative W line 39, and a capacitor 55 is connected between the emitter and collector of the transistor 53.

The collector of this transistor 53 is connected to the positive power supply line 38 via a resistor 56 and a relay switch 57.

58 is an NPN transistor whose base is connected to the collector of the transistor 53, the emitter of this transistor 58 is connected to the negative power line 39, and the collector is connected to the positive power line 3 via the relay coil 59.
It is connected to 8.

In addition, 60°61.62 is 45.47.5 for each relay coil.
This is a protection diode connected in parallel to 9 to prevent generation of back electromotive force.

The relay switch 33 is closed when the relay coil 47 is energized, and the relay switch 48 is normally closed and opened when the relay coil 59 is energized. The relay switches 34 and 57 are configured to be closed when the relay coil 45 is energized.

Next, we will discuss the operation of this embodiment configured as described above in the fourth section.
This will be explained with reference to the time chart shown in the figure.

When the main switch 31 is turned on in the time chain, the motor 16a is energized, the fan 16 is activated, and at the same time the light emitting diode 9 is turned on.

Then, the phototransistor 10 is turned on in response to light from the light emitting diode 9, which turns on the transistor 42 and turns off the transistor 44, so that the relay coil 45 is cut off, so that the relay switch 34 is turned on.
and 57 are opened, and therefore, the electromagnetic device 15 is in a power-off state and the valve body 14 closes the communication port 6f, so that the supply device 24 is in an inactive state.

On the other hand, air blown by the fan 16 enters the ventilation chamber 12 from the ventilation pipe 17 and passes through the ventilation pipe 23 to the burner device 2.
By being introduced into the first burner case 19, unburned lean fuel remaining in the combustion chamber 25 or in the exhaust pipe is discharged to the outside.

This prevents the burner device 21, burner case 19, exhaust pipe, etc. from exploding due to residual fuel gas during ignition.

On the other hand, at the same time as the main switch 31 is turned on, the capacitor 50 is charged via the semi-fixed resistor 51, and the terminal voltage of the capacitor 50 gradually increases, so that the terminal voltage of the capacitor 50 rises at time t.

When a predetermined period of time (for example, 10 to 20 seconds) has elapsed, the thyristor 46 is turned on and the relay coil 47 is energized, thereby closing the relay switch 33 and energizing the ultrasonic transducer 8. Ultrasonic waves are irradiated into the atomization chamber 6.

As a result, white kerosene is atomized in the atomization chamber 6, and the concentration of the atomized fuel in the atomization chamber 6 gradually increases.

When the atomized fuel is generated in the atomization chamber 6, the light from the light emitting diode 9 is diffused by the atomized fuel, so that the phototransistor 1 is activated depending on the concentration of the atomized fuel.
The amount of light reaching 0 will decrease.

Then, at a time when a predetermined period of time has elapsed from the time of increase, the concentration of the atomized fuel in the atomization chamber 6 reaches a predetermined value, and at this time the phototransistor 10 is turned off.

When the phototransistor 10 is turned off, the transistor 42 is turned off and the transistor 44 is turned on.
The relay coil 45 is energized and the relay switch 34 is activated.
and 57 are turned on.

Then, by turning on the relay switch 34,
The electromagnetic device 15 is energized and the valve body 14 is energized via the valve stem 14a.
is raised and the communication port 6f is opened (see FIG. 2), thereby putting the supply device 24 into an operating state.

Then, the air blown into the ventilation chamber 12 through the ventilation pipe 17 is branched into two within the ventilation chamber 12 as shown by arrow A, and is also blown into the atomization chamber 6 from the communication port 6e. The highly concentrated atomized fuel filled in the atomization chamber 6 is sent into the ventilation chamber 13 through the communication port 6f, and further into the atomization pipe 22.
At this time, an ignition device (not shown) is activated to fire the burner plate 18 of the burner 18.
The atomized fuel blown into the combustion chamber 25 from a is ignited.

Even after the valve body 14 is opened, a portion of the air sent from the fan 16 continues to be blown into the burner case 19 via the ventilation pipe 23, and is ejected from the blowout port 20 to the burner plate 1.
Secondary air is supplied to the flame covered on 8a.

Also, at the same time as the relay switch 34, the relay switch 57
is turned on, the capacitor 55 is charged via the resistor 56, and while the capacitor 55 is being charged, the transistor 58
turns off at low potential.

Then, a little later than the cherry blossom time, the above-mentioned ignition device causes the burner plate 18a of the burner 18 to fire into the combustion chamber 25.
When the atomized fuel blown into the interior is ignited, a flame is generated on the upper surface of the burner plate 18a and a minute current flows from the flame sensor 52 to the burner 18. Therefore, the transformer 33 is connected to the base of the transistor 53. A high potential is applied to the secondary winding, thus transistor 5
3 is turned on to discharge the charge stored in the capacitor 55.

Therefore, the base potential of the transistor 58 is set to a low potential, and the transistor 58 continues to be turned off, and the relay coil 5
9 is maintained in a de-energized state.

By the way, when the burner 18 does not ignite even if the ignition device operates, or when the once ignited flame disappears for some reason, current will no longer flow from the flame sensor 52 to the burner 18, so the transistor 53 will be turned off and the capacitor 55 will be discharged. Since the charging of the capacitor 55 continues for a predetermined time and the terminal voltage of the capacitor 55 reaches a predetermined value, the base potential of the transistor 58 rises, turning on the transistor 58 and turning on the relay coil 59. By being turned on, the relay switch 48 is opened and the relay coil 47 is cut off, and the relay switch 33 is thereby opened and the ultrasonic vibrator 8 is cut off and the atomization of white kerosene is stopped.

At this time, the motor 16a of the fan 16 and the electromagnetic device 15 continue to be energized.

Note that when the burner 18 is ignited and the combustion chamber 25 reaches a predetermined temperature, the motor 28 of the fan 27 is activated, and when the burner 18 is extinguished and the combustion chamber 25 is cooled to a predetermined temperature, the motor 28 is activated. 28 is cut off.

In the above embodiment, the white kerosene is atomized by the ultrasonic vibrator 8 after ignition, but for example, the white kerosene is evaporated using the heat of the burner 18, and the evaporated white kerosene is burned in the burner 18. You can do it like this.

Further, in the above embodiment, the supply device 24 is made inactive by closing the communication port 6f with the valve body 14 while the fan 16 is operated, but the valve body 14 is omitted and the operation of the fan 16 and The supply device 24 may be activated and deactivated based on the shutdown.

As is clear from the above description, the present invention provides a detection element for detecting the concentration of atomized fuel in an atomization chamber equipped with an ultrasonic vibrator, activates the ultrasonic vibrator prior to ignition, and The configuration includes a control circuit that operates the supply device to send the atomized fuel to the burner device and ignite it when the detection element detects that the concentration of the atomized fuel in the atomization chamber has reached a predetermined value. A large atomized fuel with a concentration suitable for ignition can be produced in a short time using only a sonic vibrator, which greatly shortens the ignition time, and the electric heater can be omitted, making the configuration simple and inexpensive to manufacture. We can provide combustion equipment that can

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view, Fig. 2 is an enlarged perspective view with a part of the main part cut away, and Fig. 3 is a wiring diagram of the control circuit. , FIG. 4 is a time chart. In the drawing, 6 is an atomization chamber, 8 is an ultrasonic transducer, 9 is a light emitting diode, 10 is a phototransistor (detection element), 14
1 is a valve body, 16 is a combustion fan, 21 is a burner device, 2
3 is a misting tube, 24 is a supply device, and 52 is a flame sensor.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] an atomization chamber equipped with an ultrasonic vibrator for generating atomized fuel by irradiating liquid fuel with ultrasonic waves, and a detection element for detecting the concentration of the atomized fuel generated in the atomization chamber; a supply device that supplies the atomized fuel generated in the atomization chamber to a burner device; and a supply device that operates the ultrasonic vibrator prior to igniting the burner device, and the atomized fuel generated in the atomization chamber. a control circuit that operates the supply device to send the atomized fuel to the burner device and ignite it when the detection element detects that the concentration of the atomized fuel has reached a predetermined value.