JPS6037657A - Nonaqueous chemical battery - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a non-aqueous chemical cell containing sulfur dioxide;
More specifically, the present invention relates to a non-aqueous chemical battery containing an inorganic sulfurized electrolyte.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION One problem with the production of commercially produced, useful rechargeable batteries is the omission of normally required organic co-solvents from batteries containing sulfur dioxide SO2. has been recently discovered. Although organic cosolvents and other organic substances tend to cause irreversible reactions (including even non-reversible reactions) in VC, ideally a rechargeable battery would contain virtually no of the constituents. Requires complete reversibility (reactivity). However, the omission of such organic co-solvents required the use of electrolyte salts that were both soluble in SO2 alone (a nearly pure solvent) and which provided an electrolyte of effective conductivity.

Yet another factor (problem) is the very high cost of some of the electrolyte salts used for that purpose. Alkali and alkaline earth metal tetrachloroaluminates, tetrachlorogallates, tetrachloroindates, and chloroborate salts (C1ovobor
ate) have been found to be useful in SO2-only solvents (but croboborate salts are very expensive). In such cells, the use of solid cathode active materials allows SO
2 can be effectively used as the only solvent in the battery. However, all solid cathode active materials are SO
It is not intended to provide a battery capacity that can be compared favorably with that of a battery using C.2 as the cathode active material. In fact, it has traditionally been impossible to predict with confidence which cathode active materials can be used in an inorganic SO2-containing battery environment. Thus, for example, different halides of the same metal (although functionally they are generally considered to be equivalent) have been shown to have significantly different properties, especially in the inorganic SO2-containing battery environment. There is.

One object of the present invention is to provide a cathode active material that can be used in SO2-containing non-aqueous chemical cells, particularly inorganic SO2-containing cells, and that provides a high battery capacity.

In general, the invention comprises an alkali or alkaline earth metal anode (preferably a lithium, lithium mixture or lithium alloy anode), an electrolyte consisting of SO2 and an electrolyte salt soluble therein, and a cathode consisting of CoCl2. Concerning chemical batteries. For rechargeable batteries, the electrolyte is preferably inorganic. Here Vc
We have found that coct2 is a useful cathode active material.

Action and Effect Preferably, the CoCl2 cathode active material contains 1 of its weight.
an electrically conductive material (e.g. graphite or carbon black) in an amount ranging from 0 to 30 g, and about 5 to 30 g of its weight;
Use a blending agent such as polytetrafluoroethylene 7 (PTFE) in an amount within the range of 15%.

Examples of electrolyte salts useful in the present invention include aluminum, tankard, niobium, antimony, which are soluble in SO2,
Alkali and alkaline earth metal halide salts (complex salts) of gallium, indium and croboborate (especially Vc AlC14-, TaC'6-).

5bC1'-, 5bC16-3, GaC14-, I-n
tj4-.

B I QC112-2 O 1: Hi B 12Cl 1
2-2) There are salts with 7 niobium: / 'f. These salts are used dissolved in low concentrations (approximately 1 molar) in SO2.Alternatively, these salts may be present in relatively high concentrations with molar equivalent ratios of up to 1 molar relative to SO2. Preferably such SO2 electrolyte is inorganic.

EXAMPLES The structure, operation, and effects of the present invention will be further explained in the following examples. It will be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes and that the invention is not limited to the specifics contained in the examples. The person in charge of raw materials is the weight person.

Example I L i A I Cl 4 and SO2 (molar equivalent ratio 1
20 g of an electrolytic solution consisting of 2.5 x 4. Two lithium electrodes with dimensions of I
．． 12% carbon black (Nourii Chemical Company N)
oury Chemical Carp, Ket
jenblackECJ: Trademark) and 8% PTFE
A battery was made using 1.8 g of Kautx 781 cathode. Its cathode dimensions are 2.5 x 4. IX
0,13 crn and were separated from each lithium electrode by a non-woven glass fiber separator. When the battery was discharged at 20 mA, it gave a capacity of 372 mAh, r to a cut-off voltage of 1 volt. This cell also provided an open circuit voltage of 3.2 volts. The capacity shown in "2" is about 125% of the theoretical capacity of C0Ct2.

Example 2 A cell was made as in Example 1, but using a 1M solution of LiGaCl4 in SO2 as the electrolyte.

The resulting aperture i@voltage is 2.9 volts and 20
For discharge at mA, iC up to a cut-off voltage of 1 volt
It gave a capacity of 316 rnAhr. This capacity is CoCl
This is about 107% of the theoretical capacity of 2.

It will be understood that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only, and that the invention is not limited to the specific vehicle weights in these examples. Changes in cell configuration, cell components and their proportions are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) A non-aqueous chemical battery comprising an anode made of an alkali or alkaline earth metal; and an electrolyte salt dissolved in SO2 and 802;
The above battery, characterized in that it comprises a cathode from 12 to 12. (2) The electrolyte salt consists of alkali or alkaline earth metal chloride salts, and alkali or alkaline earth metal halide salts containing gallium, indium, aluminum, quantal, niobium, or antimony as structural components. A battery according to claim 1 selected from the group. (3) The electrolyte salt is a lithium salt.Claim 1
Or the battery described in item 2. (4) The anode is made of lithium. Claim 1
, 2 or 3. (5) Electrolyte salts are L i A I Cl 4 and L
5. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is selected from the group consisting of: tG a Cl 4 . (6) The battery according to claim 5, wherein the electrolyte salt is LZA7C14. (7) The battery according to claim 6, wherein the molar equivalent ratio of L i A I CL 4 and SO2 is within 1 nia. (8) The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the electrolyte is inorganic.