JPS6037280B2 - Soil drilling method and device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a method for drilling into soil, and in particular to a method for drilling into soil and an apparatus for carrying out the method.

The present invention provides a method for removing soil from pipes, for example, in order to construct underground connecting passages under highways and railways, or to protect pipes driven into the ground using various jacks or other suitable means. It is used in civil engineering to form holes under engineering structures for the purpose of preparing vertical and inclined holes for foundation piles of engineering structures or for other similar purposes.

In land improvement, the invention is used to create irrigation holes and wells. In geological surveys, the present invention is used to collect samples at various depths and to form survey wells.

A soil drilling method is known which includes the following operations.

That is, by applying static pressure using either a jack or winch via a pulley system, the pipe is driven into the soil with the opening □ of the pipe in the front, and the soil filled in the pipe is removed by a powered machine or by hand. The soil is crushed by the operation and the crushed soil is transported from the pipe, which is thus driven into the soil through an awl, by means of a Kosobair, small axle or other means.
N is hines r ConstmCtin
gNEjorPipelines"by V.1.Mi
nayev, in Russian, NEDRAPu
(see blishe Dai, MoSCow, 197 beard).

However, since a jack and winch are used to press the pipe into the soil, a special reaction-receiving wall is installed at the site to absorb the reaction force of the device that presses the pipe during ±. The damage must be reduced. The breaking up of the soil in the pipe driven into the soil and its removal from the pipe is carried out by a separate device which cooperates with the drive which transmits the motion to the working part and the drive which conveys the soil from the face.

However, this method requires the use of large and complex drive systems that require extremely complex operations.

In order to crush and remove the soil in the pipe by manual labor, the diameter of the pipe should not be less than 80 ribs, apart from the sanitary conditions of such work.

Another known soil drilling method includes the steps of "advancing a soil drilling device (hereinafter referred to as a capsule), filling the capsule with soil, and withdrawing the soil-filled capsule from the hole."
n of Soil''by G. E. Parau 戊k
, inR ship sian, Works of Moscow
EvzaneeringEconomy Insti
tute, Edition 3, NAUKAP Library, Moscow, 1954).

A winch and pulley system is used to push the capsule toward the bottom of the hole and pull it out. To drive the capsule into the soil, an axial force is applied to the bottom of the capsule. This axial force results in a suction force within the capsule, thus creating a pressure drop across the bottom of the capsule. The above action makes the value of the suction force proportional to the cross-sectional area of the capsule. However, this construction method requires complicated equipment with low productivity, and its field of application is limited.

Drilling using this method is limited to hard soils, and the drilling speed is 0.3-0.6/hr. The low productivity of the above method is due to the amount of soil removed from the hole (5% of the capsule internal volume).
0 to 60%) is relatively small. Another known drilling device for carrying out the above-mentioned method comprises a cylindrical capsule in the form of a bowl with a closed end, the opposite end of which is open towards the direction of soil drilling. There is.
Also, a vibrating device is provided at the closed end of the capsule (the above-mentioned “M
Constmcting Maj
or Pipelines"by V.1.Mjnay
ev). The closed end of the capsule has a duct extending therethrough to connect the interior region of the capsule to a vacuum pump to draw air from the interior region.

The capsule is actuated by a set of rods connected to a winch via a pulley system, the rods having a thrust shoe of the same outside diameter as the capsule. However, the above-mentioned known devices have a relatively low capacity since there is a limit to the amount of soil that can be removed from the capsule.

The amount of soil mentioned above is also related to the internal volume of the capsule. The field of application of this device is that it can only be used in hard soils because it is driven into the soil by the suction force generated inside the capsule.

It is understood that the capsules can only be used on hard soils as they are pressed airtight against the soil. Furthermore, the operation of the device is complicated as it has three drives and must be made of rods that follow the capsule as it enters the soil, and the size of the working shaft is limited.

Also, the rod must be removed from the capsule in order to pull the capsule filled with grains out of the hole. Another known soil drilling method involves driving a capsule into the soil by impact action, filling the capsule with soil, and then removing the soil from the capsule by pulling the capsule out of the soil.
llingHoles'r Eugineerlnga
ndGeologca1Sumey” B.M-Re
brik, jn Russian, NEDRA Pub
Lishene, Moscow, 1979, pp. 210
-211).

In this method, the capsule is moved into and out of the hole by a winch or by a drilling hawk connected to the capsule via a rod. The productivity of this method is relatively low.

This is because the amount of soil removed in one working cycle is less than or at most equal to the internal volume of the capsule. It also has a rod, so assemble this rod. It takes time to disassemble. Furthermore, this method is not practical for oblique and horizontal holes. The above method involves entering the capsule into the soil.

Auxiliary equipment is provided for reversing, which requires a lot of effort and complicates the operation. A soil drilling device for carrying out the above method includes a soil drilling capsule that opens in the direction of soil drilling and an impact device (see the above reference).

In this device, the end opposite to the end of the capsule that is closed in the drilling direction is closed, and an impact device is arranged at this end.

Therefore, there is a limit to the amount of soil that can be removed together with the capsule, and the productivity of the device is low. The amount of soil to be removed is approximately 4 mm less than the internal volume of the capsule, or at most equal to the internal volume of the capsule. The outer surface of the capsule is formed with an annular shoulder having a slightly larger diameter than the outer rear of the impactor housing.

The annular shoulder formed on the outer surface of the capsule makes the device unstable when driving the capsule into an inclined or horizontal hole. Operation is complicated by the need for separate equipment to advance and retract the device into the hole.
An object of the present invention is to provide a highly productive soil drilling method.

Another object of the invention is to provide a simple and easy-to-operate drilling device for carrying out the above method.

Another object of the present invention is to have a sufficiently wide production capacity, that is, to be able to form holes at any angle with respect to the horizontal plane, and to drive the pipe into the soil with the open end forward. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device for implementing a drilling method capable of removing soil from a pipe.

The above object is achieved in a method of driving a capsule into a soil thicket by impact action, filling the capsule with soil, and subsequently removing the soil from the capsule by pulling it out of the pore in the soil and drilling into the soil. According to the invention, after filling the capsule with soil, ``the capsule is driven into the soil while the soil passes through the capsule while the impact action continues to be applied;
± passed through the capsule when it was pulled out from the hole.
This is achieved by soil drilling methods in which soil is additionally removed from the pores.

It is advantageous to simultaneously pull out the soil-filled capsule and the soil that has passed through the hole from the hole by changing the direction and frequency of the impact action.

The above-mentioned object also provides a soil drilling device equipped with a capsule having an end face closed toward the soil drilling direction and configured to contain soil, and an impact device for driving the capsule into the soil. This is achieved by means of a soil drilling device in which the end face of the capsule opposite to the end face open in the drilling direction is at least partially open.

Conveniently, the percussion device is attached to the inner surface of the capsule near said at least partially open end face.

Preferably, the capsule is provided with at least one closure member adapted to at least partially close the closed end face in the direction of the drilling.

Attachment of the impact device to the inner surface of the capsule takes place by means of a fastening device. An anchoring device for attaching the impactor to the interior surface of the capsule includes sleeves with the outer surface of the sleeves attached directly to the interior surface of the capsule to receive the head portion of the impactor, and a rattan wire of the sleeve is attached to the capsule. arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis and "having a projected area of the sleeve on a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the capsule smaller than the projected area of the internal contour of the capsule on said plane, and further comprising: a retaining member having an outer surface coaxial with the sleeve attached directly to the inner surface of the capsule to receive the tail portion of the impact device, the retaining member having a cross-sectional dimension identical to that of the sleeve; Then, it is extremely reasonable.

The retaining member may include a sleeve for accommodating the tail portion of the impact pupil, which is attached to the inner surface of the capsule and serves as an element of a screw-nut corner or wedge pair.

Conveniently, the fastening device for attaching the percussion device to the inner surface of the capsule comprises a sleeve which is arranged coaxially with respect to the capsule and which is attached by means of ribs to the inner surface of the capsule and accommodates the head part of the percussion device. .

Preferably, the closing member that closes at least a portion of the end face opened toward the soil drilling direction includes at least one gate provided to rotate in a direction opposite to the soil drilling direction.

A pair of blade portions having sharp twill portions facing the soil drilling direction are provided on the part that closes at least a portion of the end face opened □ toward the soil drilling direction, and an opening □ is formed between the blade portions. The blade portion can be arranged as shown in FIG.

The closing member for at least partially closing the end face open in the direction of soil drilling comprises a sleeve, the inner surface of which is formed with at least one annular groove for accommodating either a ring with a serrated inner surface or a spring. However, it is reasonable to arrange the ring or spring so that it can be moved in the longitudinal direction.

It is convenient to form the capsule in the shape of a trough near the closed end face opposite to the open end face in the soil drilling direction.

In addition, the capsule is formed into a cylindrical shape, with the vicinity of the end face closed toward the direction of soil drilling formed in the shape of a gutter, and a gutter connecting the gutter to the opposite end face disposed on the same side in the diametrical direction. It is desirable to connect both gutters to each other at the section.

The capsule is formed by two longitudinally extending parts joined along the longitudinal sides of the capsule along a dashed line, the outline of said broken line being formed by a convex part and a concave part, and the concave part of one part is formed by a concave part of the other part. It is extremely rational to form it so as to complement the convex portion of the part.

When used for removing soil from a pipe, one part of the capsule extending in the longitudinal direction is provided with an elastic sacrificial member that engages with the pipe, and one end of the resilient part is connected to one end of the capsule extending in the longitudinal direction. Can be installed on parts. Conveniently, one end of the elastic member is provided with an adjustment member for adjusting the biasing force of the elastic member against the pipe.

Productivity can be increased by means of soil drilling equipment implementing the method of the invention.

Moreover, the device is simple in structure and easy to operate. These and other objects of the invention will become apparent from the detailed description of embodiments of the invention set forth below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the soil drilling method according to the present invention, a capsule 1 (FIG. 1) is driven into soil 2 by applying an impact action to the capsule in the direction of the rutting line in the direction of soil drilling. The capsule filled with soil 2 is filled with soil 2 in this way, and while the grains are passing through the capsule as shown in Fig. It further includes the step of driving into the soil 2 by applying an impact action.

Next, the capsule is pulled out from the hole 3 formed in the soil 2, and at the same time, the soil 2 that has passed through the capsule is removed from the hole 3, and finally the soil 2 is removed from the capsule 1 itself. The equipment for implementation is soil 2
The capsule contains the aforementioned capsule. As shown in Figure 2, the capsule 1 has an end face 4 facing the soil drilling direction.
and an end face 5 which is closed to the aircraft on the opposite side to the end face 4.
has. The end face on the opposite side of the end face that is closed toward the soil drilling direction can be partially opened. capsule 1
On the inner surface 6 (FIG. 1), an impact device 7 is arranged near the at least partially open end surface 5.

The percussion device 7 has a hose 8 which supplies the percussion device with an energy carrier, for example compressed air. In this example,
The impact device 7 described above is welded to the inner surface 6 of the capsule 1. It is also possible to fasten the impact device 7 to the outer surface of the capsule.

However, in such an embodiment, the material connecting the percussion device to the capsule would protrude beyond the outer surface of the capsule, thereby destroying a portion of the hole that had already been formed. The capsule can be pulled out from the hole 3 by using the .

In the method of the invention, by changing the direction and frequency of the impact action, a capsule 1 filled with soil 2 is placed in a hole 3 (
It is advantageous to withdraw the soil 2 which has passed through the capsule 1 from the hole 3 at the same time as the soil 2 is withdrawn from the hole 3 (FIG. 3).

In the apparatus shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the above-mentioned extraction involves applying an axial impact action to the capsule 1 in a direction opposite to the direction of the soil hole when the force capsule is extracted from the hole 3; This is achieved by providing an impact device 7 (FIG. 3) that applies an impact action in the direction of the vehicle line to the capsule 1 (FIG. 4) when the capsule is driven into the soil 2.

The capsule 1 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is provided with a closing member 9 that partially closes the face 4 facing in the direction of the hole perforation.

The closing member 9 is the end face 4 of the capsule closed in the direction of soil drilling.
can be completely closed. The reason for providing the closure member 9 is that the adhesion of the soil to the inner surface of the capsule is not strong enough to retain the soil inside the capsule when the capsule is pulled out of the hole by impact action.

In the embodiment described above, the closure member 9 is in the form of a gate 10 (FIG. 5) hinged on a pin 11 provided in the body of the capsule 1, with respect to the direction of soil drilling as shown in FIG. Rotate in the opposite direction.

Although all the embodiments described below are similar, the embodiment of the device described above has a hole 3 (FIGS. 3 and 4 ). In the device for carrying out the method of the invention shown in FIG. 6, the percussion device 13 is attached to the inner surface 14 of the capsule 15 by means of a fastening device 16. Fixing device 1 for attaching the impact device 13 to the inner surface 14 of the capsule 15
6 comprises a sleeve 17 adapted to accommodate the head portion 18 of the impact device 13, the outer surface of which is attached directly to the inner surface 14 of the capsule 15.

The axis of the sleeve 17 is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the capsule 15, and the projected area of the sleeve 17 in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the capsule 15 is smaller than the projected area of the capsule internal contour in said plane. Further, the fixing device 16 for attaching the impact device 13 to the inner surface 14 of the capsule 15 includes a holding member 19 adapted to receive the tail portion 20 of the impact device 13 having a hose 21 for supplying compressed air.
The outer surface of the sleeve 17 is coaxial with the inner surface 1 of the capsule 15.
Attach directly to 4.

The cross-sectional dimensions of the holding member 19 are the same as those of the sleeve 17. In the embodiment of Kami Aomi, the holding member 19
The device includes a sleeve 22 that accommodates the tail section 20 of the percussion device 13 with a hose 21 and attaches the sleeve 22 to the inner surface 14 of the capsule 15.

One end face of the sleeve 22 is sloped and serves as one element of a wedge pair, the other element of the wedge pair being a wedge 23 that engages a thrust sleeve 24, the thrust sleeve 24 having an impact device. The tail portion 20 of 13 is attached. The sleeve 17 (FIG. 7) is attached to the inner surface 14 of the capsule 15 by welding through a fitting 26 (FIG. 8) and an opening in the capsule 15 body.

Sleeve 22 (FIG. 9) is attached to inner surface 14 of capsule 15 by welding through fitting 28 (FIG. 10) and an opening in the capsule 15 body. A pivot pin 31 for supporting a gate 32 is provided near the end face 29 (FIG. 6) of the capsule 15 at a distance from the closed end face 30 which opens toward the direction of soil drilling and has the impact device 13 nearby.

This pin 31 is rotatable in a direction opposite to the direction of soil drilling and partially closes the end face 29 with a closing member 9. In a variant of the above embodiment (FIG. 11), the fixing device 16
The holding village 19 is provided with a sleeve 33 that accommodates the tail part 20 of the percussion device 13 with the hose 21 and attaches the sleeve 33 to the inner surface 14 of the capsule 15 . A sleeve 34 is threaded on the inner surface of the sleeve 33 to serve as one element of the screw-nut pair, and the other element of the screw-nut pair is a sleeve 34 threaded on the outside. - Engage with the end face of the sleeve 24. In the fixing device 16, a sleeve 35 (FIGS. 11 and 12) that accommodates the head portion 18 of the impact device 13 is attached to a metal fitting 37 (FIGS. 12 and 13) and the sleeve 35 (FIGS. 11 and 12).
It is attached to the inner surface 14 of the capsule 15 by a tab 36 cut out from the capsule 15 so as to surround the capsule 5.

A tab 38 is cut out from the capsule 15 so as to surround the sleeve 33 (FIG. 14) and the metal fitting 39.
It is attached to the inner surface 14 of the capsule 15 by.

The variant of the device for carrying out the method of the invention shown in FIG. 15 is particularly suitable for drilling into compacted or compacted soils.

In this variant, the fastening device 16 for attaching the percussion device 13 on the inner surface of the capsule 41 is adapted to receive the head part 18 of the percussion device 13 .

The sleeve 42 is arranged coaxially with respect to the capsule 41, and is attached to the inner surface 40 of the capsule 41 by ribs 43 formed between the openings 44 (FIG. 16), and the end face 46 is opened toward the direction of drilling the hole. The end surface 45 (FIG. 15) of the capsule 40 on the opposite side is partially opened. The above-mentioned variant comprises two closing members 9 and 9' which partially close the end face 46 of the capsule 41.

The closing member 9 faces toward the soil intake. sharp green part 48
The closure member 9' includes a pair of blades 47 (FIG. 17) with a sleeve 50 (FIG. 15) forming a closure 49 between the blades 47 (FIG. 15). sleeve 5
Two annular grooves 51 are formed on the inner surface of the ring 52, and a ring 52 is housed therein so as to be movable in the mariline direction.

As shown in FIG. 18, the inner surface 53 of each ring 52 is formed into a silver tooth shape. Closing part village 9' that partially closes the end face of the capsule 41 opened in the soil drilling direction (Fig. 19)
The sleeve 54 is replaced with a sleeve 54 having a series of annular grooves formed therein, in which a ring-wound coil spring 56 can be accommodated.

The coil springs 56 are accommodated in the respective grooves 55 so as to be movable in the direction of the wire. In a variant-shaped device particularly suitable for drilling in loose soil, the end face 5 is open in the drilling direction.
In the vicinity of the open □ end face 58 on the opposite side, a capsule to which the inner surface 6 river impact bag calendar 13 is attached is formed into the shape of a gutter 6Q, and soil is removed from the capsule 57 (Fig. 20). It's easy.

In this embodiment, two closing members g and g' are provided which partially close the end face 59. The closing members g and 9' are provided with gates 62 and 63, respectively, on pins 64 and 6, which rotate in the opposite direction to the direction of soil drilling. The gate 83 partially closes the remaining half of the end face 59. The rotation of the gate 83 in the soil drilling direction is restricted by the support member 6. The deforming device shown in the second schematic diagram is It is similar to the device shown in FIG.

The difference in the deformation device in the second color diagram is that the portion of the capsule Sy adjacent to the end face 91 is shaped like a gutter 6 which is installed on the same side as the gutter ring 8.

The angularly aligned connecting portion between the gutter 6D and the fin is formed into a cylindrical 6-fin shape, and a hole is formed in this portion. The modification of the rhododendron for carrying out the method of the present invention shown in the second umbrella diagram is "particularly the pipe 6".
Suitable for removing soil from g. In this variant, the body of the capsule is made up of two longitudinally extending parts, the upper part and the lower part, and the capsule is joined along the longitudinal side of the pupil by closing the broken line.

The outline of the dashed line is formed by the convex parts 4 and concave parts placed alternately, and the concave part complements the convex part 4 of the other part (in the figure, the convex Todenkan and the concave part 5 are A plate 76 is provided in the capsule crab eel part 72 (FIG. 23) to prevent the two parts of the capsule 79 from separating.One part of the capsule 78 71
(FIG. 22) shows a bullet sacrificial member 77 in contact with the pipe 69.
will be established.

One end of the elastic member 7 is provided with a closure that engages a stud 78 attached to a portion 71 of the capsule 70 near the end in the soil drilling direction. The end of the elastic part T7 is slidably inserted into the guide stirrup 9. To enable removal of soil from pipes of different sizes, the variant shown in FIG. 20 can be provided with a resilient member 8Q (FIG. 24).

An adjusting member 81 is provided at one end of the elastic member 8 to adjust the biasing force of the elastic member 8 against the pipe 82. Adjustment part village 7 turtle (Figure 25) has nut 84 and lock nut 8
5 and is supported by a metal fitting 86 provided on a bridge-like piece 87 extending over the trough-like portion 60' of the capsule 57.

The other end of the bullet victim part Muramitsu Q (Fig. 24) rotates on a pin (Fig. 26) supported by a rib strip 9 attached to the capsule 53 (Fig. 24) near the end in the soil drilling direction. Make it possible.

The operating principle of the device of the present invention will be explained below.

The capsule electrode (FIG. 1) is driven into the soil 2 by the impact action produced by the impactor hole.

The impact device 7 is operated by compressed air supplied via a hose. The impact action ruts in the longitudinal direction of the capsule mother in the direction of soil perforation.

Once the capsule officer is filled with soil 2 through its closed front end cap, continue to drive the capsule 100 into soil 2 as described above while passing soil 2 into the capsule ~ at least part of the capsule color. Soil is poured into hole 3 through the closed end face (Figure 1).Next, the capsule filled with soil (Figure 1) is poured into hole 3 using a winch (not shown).
The soil is removed from the capsule by pulling it out and the capsule is advanced into the hole 8 again.

The capsule is advanced into the hole 3 by the impact action of the impact device, and the capsule is struck at the bottom of the hole 3 to further penetrate. Then repeat the above cycle. The features of the device of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 are that the impact device 7
1. This is carried out by changing the direction and frequency of the impact action produced by the capsule calculator z.

When the capsule 1 is pulled out of the pipe 12 from which the soil 2 is to be removed by the impact action of the impact device 7 facing opposite to the soil drilling direction, the adhesion force of the soil 2 to the inner surface 6 of the capsule 1 is 2 inside the capsule.

For this purpose, the capsule is provided with a pin 11 that can partially close the front end surface 4 of the capsule 1, as shown in FIG.
A closing member 9 in the form of a gate 10 is provided pivotally mounted above. The operation of the closure member 9 will be described below.

When the capsule (FIG. 4) pierces the soil 2 under the impact action of the impact device 7, the soil 2 enters the capsule 1 and rotates the gate in the opposite direction to the direction of soil drilling.

The capsule 1 is filled with soil 2, and as the capsule 1 advances, the soil enters the hole 3 through the end face 5, which is at least partially open on the opposite side to the drilling direction of the capsule 1. When the capsule 1 (FIG. 3) is withdrawn from the hole 3, in other words, when the direction of the impact action acting on the capsule 1 is reversed and the frequency of the impact action is changed, the end face 4 of the capsule 1
is closed and movement of the soil 2 away from the capsule is prevented. The operating principle of the variant device described above with respect to FIGS. 6 to 22 is essentially the same as that of the device shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

However, the operation of each variant has its own characteristics. I will discuss it below. In the device shown in FIG.
3 cloud ○ is biased to one side of the capsule inner surface and gate 3
The stability of the capsule 15 is improved by the impact device 13 attached to the inner surface 14 of the capsule 15 in such a way that the pivot axis 31 of the capsule 15 is oriented diametrically opposite the inner surface 14.

The impacting device 13 is attached to the capsule 15 by an anchoring device 16 having a common axially aligned sleeve 17 and a retaining member 19 parallel to the axis of the capsule 15 .

This method of attaching the impact device 13 to the capsule 15 allows the impact device 13 to be removed and used for other applications.

For this purpose, the wedge pair consisting of the sleeve 22 and the wedge head 23 is untied and the percussion device is pulled out of the sleeve. 11th
In the deforming device shown in FIG. 6, the retaining member 19 comprises a threaded pair formed by sleeves 33 and 34.

To remove the impact device 13, the sleeve 34 is rotated relative to the sleeve 33 so as to move relative to each other in the direction of the parallax, and the impact device 13 is released so that it can be pulled out of the sleeve 35. In order to increase the drilling speed in hard and honey soil, the modified device shown in FIG.
The serrated inner surface 53 of the soil structure is cut into pieces. The above facilitates the penetration of the capsule 41 into the soil and facilitates the penetration of soil into the capsule. The deforming device shown in FIG. 20 is particularly suitable for drilling in loose soil.

The cooperation of the two spaced apart gates 62 and 63 prevents trapped soil from escaping the capsule 57 when the capsule is withdrawn from the hole. On the other hand, a trough-like portion 60 is provided to facilitate removal of soil from the capsule 57 after it has been withdrawn from the aperture.

The operation of the device shown in FIG. 21 is the same as that of the device shown in FIG.

In order to facilitate the removal of soil from pipe 69 in the deforming device shown in FIG. 22, capsule 70 is formed of two long parts 71 and 72 joined along dashed line 73.

Plate 76 (Figure 23) and resilient member 77 (Figure 22) prevent the two sections 71 and 72 from separating when capsule 70 is filled with soil. Therefore, the shijou can be easily removed from the capsule. In the modified device shown in FIG. 24, the action of biasing the elastic member 80 against the pipe 82 can be adjusted by an adjustment member 81.

This is necessary when the device is used to remove soil from pipes of different diameters. The soil drilling device for carrying out the method of the invention is in fact capable of drilling holes of various diameters of up to 80 ratios into the soil at a rate of 1 to 4/hr.

The soil drilling device of the present invention can highly automate the soil removal process for any length of pipe whose front end is driven into the soil by static or dynamic construction methods.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the line loss A in FIG. 1, and FIG. In longitudinal section,
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the device in FIG. 3 driven into the soil, and FIG. 5 is a partially broken cross-sectional view of the lost line B in FIG. 3. , FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of another variant of the apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention;
Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken along the W-skin line in Fig. 6, Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken along the skin line in Fig. 7, and Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken along the K-M line in Fig. 6. , Figure 10 is X-X in Figure 9
11 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the modified device shown in FIG. 6; FIG. 12 is a sectional view of the cross-section line of FIG. -Xm line; FIG. 14 is a sectional view along the phantom V-phantom V line of FIG. 11; FIG. Figure 16 is the 15th
17 is an end view of arrow D in FIG. 15, and FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of line C in FIG.
19 is a cross-sectional view showing the embodiment shown in FIG. 16 with the end face closed toward the soil intake port partially closed; FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 21 is a longitudinal sectional view of a variant of the apparatus of FIG. 20; FIG. 22 is a longitudinal sectional view of another variant of the apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention; FIG. Figure 23 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXm-XXm in Figure 22;
The figure is a longitudinal sectional view showing another modification of the device in Figure 20, Figure 25 is a sectional view taken along line XXV-XXV in Figure 24, and Figure 26 is taken along line -XX of XX in Figure 24. FIG. 1, 15, 41, 57, 70...capsule, 2...
... Soil, 3 ... Hole, 4, 5 ... End surface of capsule, 6, 40 ... Inner surface of capsule, 7, 13 ... Impact device, 9, 9' ... Closure Members, 10...Gate, 14...Inner surface of capsule, 16...Fixing device, 17, 22, 33, 35, 42, 50, 54.
... Sleeve, 18 ... Head part of the impact device, 19 ... Holding member, 20 ... Tail part of the impact device, 43 ... Rib, 47 ... Blade part, 48...sharp edge, 49...opening bottom, 51, 55...annular groove,
52...Ring, 53...Serrated inner surface, 56...
... Spring, 58, 59 ... Closed end surface, 66, 67 ... Gutter,
68... tube, 69, 82... pipe, 71, 72...
...Capsule part, 73...Dotted line, 74.
...Convex portion, 75...Concave portion, 77,80.
... Bullet sacrificial member, 81 ... Adjustment member. Wakina Waki Yume Yukaze〆European enemy ship Yumatsu Fuhiro #Gate Clothes〃 Shippokai #Gawkward side Z3 Tsutomu's first Sayuyewyyukaze〃 Armpit leg side of Mukuakio's rib edict Uniform male and female

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Driving the capsule 1 into the soil 2 by impact action,
In the method of filling the capsule 1 with soil and then pulling out the capsule 1 from the hole 3 in the soil to remove the soil from the capsule and drilling into the soil, after filling the capsule 1 with soil 2, the soil 2 is The capsule 1 is driven into the soil 2 by continuing to apply impact while passing through the hole 3, and when the capsule 1 is pulled out from the hole 3, the soil 2 that has passed through the capsule 1 is additionally removed from the hole 3. soil drilling method. 2 The capsule 1 filled with soil 2 and the soil 2 that has passed through the capsule 1 are pulled out from the hole 3 simultaneously by changing the direction and frequency of the impact action. The method described in Section 1. 3. A soil drilling device comprising a capsule 1 having an end face 4 opened toward the direction of drilling the soil 2 and accommodating the soil 2, and an impact device for driving the capsule into the soil. A soil drilling device characterized in that an end surface 5 of a capsule 1 opposite to an end surface 4 that is open toward the drilling direction is at least partially open. 4. The device according to claim 3, wherein the impact device 7 is attached to the inner surface of the capsule 1 near the at least partially open end surface 5. 5. The device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the capsule 1 is provided with at least one closing member 9 so as to at least partially close the end face 4 which is open toward the direction of drilling the soil 2. 6. Device according to claim 4, in which the impact device 7 is attached to the inner surface 6 of the capsule 1 by means of a fastening device 16. 7. The fastening device 16 for attaching the percussion device 13 to the inner surface 14 of the capsule 15 comprises a sleeve 17, 35 whose outer surface is attached directly to the inner surface 14 of the capsule 15 to accommodate the head portion 18 of the percussion device 13. , the axes of the sleeves 17, 35 are arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the capsule 15, and the projected areas of the sleeves 17, 35 on a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the capsule 15 are set so that the axes of the sleeves 17, 35 are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the capsule 15. formed smaller than the projected area of the internal contour of
Furthermore, the fastening device 16 comprises a retaining member 19 whose outer surface, coaxial with the sleeves 17, 35, is attached directly to the inner surface 14 of the capsule 15 to accommodate the tail portion 20 of the percussion device 13, said retaining member 7. The device according to claim 6, wherein the cross-sectional dimensions of the sleeves are the same as those of the sleeves. 8. Claim in which the retaining member 19 comprises a sleeve 22 or 23 accommodating the tail part 20 of the percussion device 13, which is attached to the inner surface 14 of the capsule 15 and serves as an element of a screw-nut pair or a wedge pair. The device according to item 7. 9 An anchoring device 16 for attaching the impact device 13 to the inner surface 14 of the capsule 15 is arranged coaxially with respect to the capsule 41 and is attached to the inner surface 40 of the capsule 41 by a rib 43 to attach the head portion 18 of the impact device 13. 7. Apparatus according to claim 6, comprising a sleeve 42 adapted to accommodate. 10 A closing member 9 that closes at least a portion of the end face 4 that is open toward the direction of drilling the soil 2 is provided with at least one gate 10 that is arranged to rotate in a direction opposite to the direction of drilling the soil 2. An apparatus according to claim 5. 11 The closing member 9 that closes at least a portion of the end face 4 that is open toward the soil drilling direction is provided with a pair of blades 47 having sharp edges 48 facing in the soil drilling direction, 6. The device according to claim 5, wherein the blade portions 47 are arranged so as to form an opening 49 therebetween. 12. The closing member 9', which at least partially closes the end face 4 open in the direction of soil drilling, is provided with a sleeve 50 or 54, on the inner surface of which is fitted either a ring 52 with a serrated inner surface 53 or a spring 56. 6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that it is provided with at least one annular groove (51) or 55 (55) for accommodating said ring or spring, which is disposed so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction. 13. Any one of claims 3 to 8 and 10 to 12, in which the capsule is formed in the shape of a gutter 60 near the open end surface 58 on the opposite side to the end surface 59 that opens in the soil drilling direction. The device described. 14 The vicinity of the end surface 59 of the capsule 57 that opens toward the soil drilling direction is formed in the shape of a gutter 67, and the gutter 67 is disposed on the same side in the diametrical direction as the gutter 60 that connects to the opposite end surface 58. 14. Apparatus according to claim 13, in which the troughs 60 and 67 are connected to each other by a section of the capsule 57 formed in the shape of 68. 15 The capsule 70 is formed by two longitudinally extending portions 71 and 72 joined along the broken line 73 on the longitudinal side of the capsule 70, and the outline of the broken line 73 is formed by the convex part 74 and the concave part 75. However, the recess 75 of one part 71
The device according to any one of claims 3 to 8 and 10 to 14, wherein the convex portion 74 of the other portion 72 is formed to complement the convex portion 74 of the other portion 72. 16 When used to remove soil from the pipe 9, one portion 71 of the capsule 70 extending in the longitudinal direction is provided with an elastic member 77 that engages with the pipe 69, and one end of the elastic member is attached in the longitudinal direction. 16. The device according to claim 15, wherein the device is attached to one portion 71 extending from the top to the bottom. 17. The device according to claim 16, further comprising an adjustment member 81 at one end of the elastic member 80 for adjusting the urging force of the elastic member 80 with respect to the pipe 82.