JPS6033293B2 - AC regenerative vehicle transformer - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Since the start of AC electrification and the practical use of thyristors, research on AC regeneration vehicles has begun.

AC regenerative vehicles use the electric vehicle drive motor as a generator when applying the brakes, and obtain braking force by returning the generated power to the power source. With this method, braking force cannot be obtained unless there is a load that can effectively use the regenerated power, and the amount of regenerated power is also small.
Due to the lack of merit, it was put into practical use only in a few lines where the above conditions were relatively satisfied. In recent years, AC regenerative vehicles have been reconsidered due to limited energy resources, but the small amount of regenerated electricity remains a major obstacle. In general, an AC regenerative vehicle transformer has a first winding that takes in power from the overhead wire, a second winding that supplies power to the electric vehicle drive motor, and electrical equipment other than the drive motor inside the electric vehicle ( and a third winding that supplies power to electrical equipment (such as service power sources for auxiliary equipment, heaters, dining cars, etc.) having a capacity of 10 to 30% of the capacity of the second winding.

During power running, electric power is supplied from the first winding 1 to the second winding 2 and the third winding 3, respectively, as shown by arrows A and I in FIG. During regenerative braking, this is indicated by the arrow C in Figure 2.
As shown in FIG. 2, power is supplied from the second winding 2 to the first winding 1 and the third winding 3, respectively. The amount of electric power regenerated through the first winding 1 will be small due to the impedance of the overhead wires and the impedance of the substation if there are no powered vehicles nearby or if it is far from the substation. I end up. In addition, in the past, transformer characteristics were determined with emphasis on the direction of the arrow during power running, so the impedance between the second winding 2 and the third winding 3 was large, and the regenerated power in the direction of the second arrow 2 was large. The quantity was small. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an AC regenerative vehicle transformer that eliminates the drawbacks of the prior art and effectively supplies regenerated power to the load of the third winding.

In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a first winding that receives power from the rack, a second winding that supplies power to the electric motor that operates the electric car, and a drive electric motor that is inside the electric car. In an AC regenerative vehicle transformer equipped with a third winding that supplies power to other electrical equipment, the percent reactance between the second winding and the third winding with respect to the third winding is The first winding, the second winding, and the third winding are arranged so that the percent reactance between the first winding and the third winding is 4. Figure 3 is a diagram showing the circuit constants of this type of vehicle transformer winding.As is clear from this diagram, in order to increase the amount of regenerative power from the second winding to the third winding, It is sufficient to reduce the IJ actance X2 of the second winding, the resistance R2 of the second winding, the IJ actance X3 of the third winding, and the resistance R3 of the third winding.

Since R2 and R3 are generally much smaller than X2 and X3, it is advantageous to make X2 and X3 smaller. In addition,
In the figure, X is the first winding glue actance, and R is the resistance of the first winding. Next, the arrangement of each winding in the alcohol of the present invention will be explained while comparing it with the conventional one.

When the second winding 2 is divided into 2- and 2-2 as shown in FIG. 4, the arrangement of each winding is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
As shown in FIG. 5, in the conventional transformer, the first winding 1 and the second windings 2-1, 2-2 are close to each other, but the third winding 3 is located close to the first winding 3.
It is interposed between the winding 1 and the first winding 1, and is spaced apart from the second windings 2-1 and 2-2, respectively. In contrast, in the transformer of the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, second windings 2-1 and 2-2 are arranged on both sides of each first winding 1, and a 3 windings 3 are arranged sequentially, and the second
The windings 2-1, 2-2 and the third winding 3 are in close proximity. Next, the percent reactance (%IX) between each winding in the transformer shown in FIG. 5 is shown.

The %IX,3^ between the first winding and the third winding is determined by the following formula [1']. where lm: average length of the winding N3: number of turns of the third winding h: radial width of the winding (see Figure 7) △1: axial width of the first winding △3: width of the third winding Axial width 6, 3: Axial spacing between the first and third windings k, 3: Rogowski coefficient E3: No-load voltage of the third winding et al.: Rated current of the third winding and the second winding The % IX23^ between the third windings is determined by the following formula (2).

Here, Δ2 is the axial width of the second winding, and 6 and 2 are the distances between the first and second windings in the width direction (see FIG. 7 for both).

Note that although k and 3 vary slightly depending on the winding structure, they are treated as the same because their influence on the whole is small. △1±1.
As 2△2, %IX, 3A of the above river formula and %I of the (2} formula
Comparing it with X-Gen^, Giseisha = Ju△MakiKikakuJu△KotoAshige. 3 ---(3}, %IX, 3<%IX
It is 23.

That is, in conventional transformers, the percent reactance between the second and third windings is the same as the percent reactance between the first and third windings.
larger than centripetance. Next, the percent IJ factor between each winding in the transformer of FIG. 6 is shown.

%IX, 3B between the 1st winding and the 3rd winding is the following (4), and %IX, 3B between the 2nd winding and the 3rd winding is the following {
5) are determined by the following equations. In addition, △1, △2
, △3, 6, 2, and 6-thickness winding dimensions are shown in Figure 8.

Comparing the %IX, 38 of the [4} formula and the %IX momme 8 of the {5-formula], Sanboji = Twelve Monkey Poisons ≦ Signs Oath 23
---'6', and %IX,3B>%IX23B.

That is, in the transformer of the present invention, the percent reactance between the second winding and the third winding is smaller than the percent reactance between the first winding and the third winding. Next, in the conventional transformer and the one of the present invention, %IX23^ and %IX unevenness B, which affect the regenerative power to the third winding, are 6.3±6.
If you compare it as a bad thing, it will look like the '7} formula.

Sponsored dream=・12△Gei≦Chopstick art; Maki. 3 --- [71
From this formula (7), %IX23B<%IX23^,
It can be seen that the transformer of the present invention has a larger amount of regenerated power to the third winding.

In conventional transformers of this type, the characteristics of the first to third windings were placed close together in order to emphasize their characteristics.
The arrangement relationship between the winding and the third winding was not considered.

Therefore, as in the present invention, if the second winding and the third winding are arranged close to each other and the first winding and the third winding are separated, the %I
X,3>%IX23, and the amount of regenerated electric power from the second winding to the third winding becomes large. Next, the case where the second winding is divided into six parts 2-1 to 2-6 as shown in FIG. 9 will be described.

FIG. 10 shows a winding arrangement of a conventional transformer, and FIG. 11 shows a winding arrangement of a transformer according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 9, one-fifth of the total voltage of the second winding is induced in the 2-3, 2-4, 2-5, and 2-6 windings, respectively,
1/10 is induced in the 2-1 and 2-2 windings, respectively.

In the conventional transformer shown in Fig. 10, the third winding 3 is placed close to only one of the second windings (2-6 windings), and the third winding 3 is divided into two. The first winding 1 is inserted between the two first windings 1.

Therefore, %IX,3<%IX momme, and it is clear that the amount of regenerated electric power to the third winding is small. In contrast, in the winding arrangement of the transformer according to the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 11, a plurality of second windings 2 are arranged on both sides of the first winding 1, and a third winding 3 are inserted between the second winding 2-2 and the second winding 2-4, and between the second winding 2-3 and the second winding 2-5, respectively. Therefore, the first winding 2 and the second winding 2 are close to each other, and the second winding 2 and the third winding 3 are close to each other, and the third winding 3 is separated from the first winding 1. Therefore, the relationship is %IX, 3 > %1 × spots. Note that the third winding divided into two can be connected either in series or in parallel, and the connection method can be determined based on the hardware of the transformer. The present invention has the above-described configuration, and in addition to the amount of regenerated electric power to the power source, the amount of regenerated electric power to the orange machine in the vehicle increases, thereby making it possible to save energy in the vehicle.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 are diagrams showing the direction of power supply during power running and regeneration of an AC regenerative vehicle transformer, Figure 3 is a diagram showing the circuit constants of the windings in the transformer, and Figure 4 is a connection diagram of an AC regenerative transformer, FIG. 5 is a winding layout diagram of the conventional transformer in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a winding layout diagram of the transformer of the present invention in FIG. 4, and FIG. is the winding dimension diagram in Figure 5, Figure 8 is the winding dimension diagram in Figure 6, Figure 9 is another connection diagram of the AC regenerative transformer, and Figure 10 is the conventional transformer in Figure 9. FIG. 11 is a winding layout diagram of the transformer of the present invention in FIG. 9. 1...First winding, 2, 2-1 to 2-6...
2nd winding, 3...3rd winding. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first winding that receives power from the overhead wire, a second winding that supplies power to the electric motor that drives the electric car, and a second winding that supplies power to electric equipment other than the drive motor in the electric car. In the AC regenerative vehicle transformer, the percentage reactance between the second winding and the third winding with respect to the third winding is equal to that of the first winding. An AC regenerative transformer for a vehicle, characterized in that the first winding, the second winding, and the third winding are respectively arranged so that the percent reactance between the third windings is smaller than the percent reactance between the third windings. 2. In claim 1, the arrangement of the first winding, second winding, and third winding is such that second windings are arranged on both sides of the first winding.
An AC regenerative vehicle transformer characterized in that a winding and a third winding are arranged in sequence. 3. In claim 1, the arrangement of the first winding, the second winding, and the third winding is such that a plurality of second windings are arranged on both sides of the first winding, and the second winding is An AC regenerative vehicle transformer characterized in that a third winding is disposed between the windings.