JPS6032532Y2 - Engine-driven heat pump hot water generator - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention uses a heat pump driven by an engine and recovers exhaust heat from the engine to create a compact hot water system that can be used even in places where commercial power is not available and has low fuel consumption. The purpose is to provide a generator.

Traditionally, a boiler-equipped water heater has been common as a hot water generator used for hot water for greenhouse horticulture or indoor heating, but this kind of boiler-equipped hot water generator not only has a high fuel consumption rate, but also uses liquid fuel such as heavy oil. Electric power is used to drive the blower built into a fuel atomization device that promotes combustion, and hot water is circulated through a radiator and air is circulated through the radiator to generate warm air. Since power is required to drive the pump or fan, the fuel cost is the sum of electricity in addition to the fuel oil consumed by the boiler. There was a drawback that it could not be used as a hot water generating device for ships, etc.

Of course, it is also possible to attach a steam turbine, etc. to the boiler complete steam generator and use this to drive a generator to obtain electricity for the blower and pump, but in this way, it is also possible to attach a steam turbine etc. When a steam turbine or the like is attached, not only does the cost of the equipment increase, but also the fuel consumption rate becomes even higher.

In order to overcome the inconvenience of transportation and the problem of rising fuel consumption that such conventional hot water generation devices had, a compressor of a refrigerator is connected to the engine, and the heat recovered by the refrigerator and the exhaust gas of the engine are connected to the engine. A device that exchanges heat with hot water in a hot water circulation circuit that passes through the water jacket of the engine via a heat exchanger, and releases the heat from a radiator provided in the hot water circulation circuit to an area to be air-conditioned. was a special public official in 1974-1958.
Although such a hot water generating device is proposed in Publication No. 59, it is movable because it uses an engine as a power source and has the advantage of reducing fuel consumption. Since the hot water is supplied to the engine's water jacket through the cooling water circuit, it is not possible to raise the temperature of the hot water, which reduces the efficiency of the device. There was a concern that this would lead to overheating, and there was still room for improvement in this regard.

The present invention further focuses on the problem of engine overheating that conventional hot water generators had, and has a low fuel consumption rate, can be used even in places where commercial power is not available, and can be operated continuously for long periods of time. This was devised to provide an efficient engine-driven heat pump type hot water generation device that does not cause engine overheating even when the engine is compressed. In the engine-driven heat pump type hot water generation device, the compressor of the heat pump circuit is connected to the engine, and the hot water circulation system is provided with an exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger for exchanging heat with engine exhaust gas. It is connected to the engine via a clutch mechanism that engages when the temperature of hot water in the system is lower than a predetermined value and disengages when it is higher than that, and connects the heat pump circuit with the low-pressure heat medium of the heat pump circuit and the hot water circulation. A heat exchanger is installed to exchange heat with the cooling water in the engine cooling water circuit, which is independent from the circuit, to remove heat from the engine cooling water and use it effectively to heat hot water, while also preventing the engine from overheating. That's what I did.

Hereinafter, the specific contents of the present invention will be explained with reference to the embodiments shown in the attached drawings. Fig. 1 is a device circuit diagram showing the configuration of the engine-driven heat pump type hot water generating device of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 indicates an engine body of an internal combustion engine with low fuel consumption such as a diesel engine, and a heat pump type hot water generator 4 is connected to the output shaft 2 of the engine body 1 via a clutch mechanism 3 such as an electromagnetic clutch. The input rotating shaft 6 of the compressor 5, which is an element, is connected thereto.

The heat pump type hot water generator 4 includes a condenser 7 through which the high-pressure heat medium compressed by the compressor 5 passes, an expansion valve 8 which applies a throttling action to the high-pressure heat medium to lower the pressure, and a low-pressure heat medium through which it passes. , an evaporator 9 that extracts heat of evaporation from its surroundings, such as the atmosphere, rivers, underground water, etc., and a cooling water pump 1 installed at the bottom of the water provided at the parts that need to be cooled, such as the cylinders of the engine 1.
A cooling water cooling heat exchanger 11 that transfers heat from the circulating cooling water supplied by the engine 1 is connected to the exhaust passage 13 of the exhaust pipe 12 of the engine 1, and is connected to the exhaust passage 13 of the exhaust pipe 12 of the engine 1, and uses the exhaust heat of the engine 1 to raise the temperature of the low-pressure heat medium. and a heat exchanger 14 for heating the heat medium, and each of these compressors 5. @ Heat medium piping 15. 16. 17. 1
B, 19. By connecting at 20, a series of heat pump circuits A is formed.

However, the pipes 19 and 20 can be directly connected without the heat medium heating exchanger 14.

In addition, the heat pump type hot water generator 4 includes a hot water circulation system 21 in which hot water heated by the condenser 7 of the heat pump circuit circulates, together with the heat pump circuit A, and the hot water circulation system 21 forcibly circulates hot water. a hot water pump 22 that circulates the exhaust gas, an exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 23 that is installed in the exhaust passage 13 of the engine 1 and that recovers the heat of exhaust combustion gas discharged from the engine 1, and the condenser 7 and the heat exchanger It is equipped with a radiator 24 for passing the hot water heated by the container 23 and giving the heat of the hot water to the air sent to the area to be air-conditioned.

The heat radiator 24 may be buried in the ground to radiate heat into the ground.

25 in the figure is an exhaust passage 13 of the engine 1 in order to increase the hot water heating temperature when the atmospheric temperature is extremely low.
This is an additional heating device such as a burner attached to the

FIG. 2 is an external view of the engine-driven heat pump type hot water generator shown in FIG.
1. A condenser 7 and an expansion valve 8 are mounted, and an exhaust muffler 27 connected to the exhaust pipe 12 of the nozzle 1 is equipped with two heat exchangers 14 for recovering exhaust heat from the engine 1.
23, a drive pulley 28 connected to the output shaft 2 of the engine 1 via the clutch 3, a pulley 29 attached to the input shaft 6 of the compressor 5, and an input of the hot water circulation pump 22. Power electric belts 30 and 32 are respectively stretched between the pulleys 31 attached to the shaft, and the compressor 5 and pump 22 are driven as the engine 1 is driven. Heat medium pipes 17 and 18 from which the expansion valve 8 and the heat exchanger 11 extend are connected to the evaporator 9.

FIG. 3 shows an example of an exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 23 installed in the exhaust passage 13 of the engine 1. The hot water circulation system 21 has an exhaust port 33a connected thereto, an exhaust outlet 33b at the upper part, and is substantially orthogonal to the direction in which the exhaust gas rises within the main body 33.
A tube 34 that allows hot water to flow down in a zigzag manner in the direction of movement.
The hot water flowing through the tube 34 is heated by exhaust heat.

The clutch mechanism 3 interposed between the output shaft 2 of the engine 1 and the input shaft 6 of the compressor 5 may be, for example, a temperature detection mechanism as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 50-38553. A clutch such as an electromagnetic clutch that can be engaged and disengaged from a remote position by the action of a switch and a temperature control circuit is used, and the engagement and disengagement can be controlled automatically from a signal obtained by detecting the temperature change of the hot water flowing through the hot water circulation system 21. Engagement/disengagement is controlled.

Further, the clutch mechanism 3 is separated from the engine 1,
It goes without saying that an appropriate cooling water cooler, such as a radiator, is installed in addition to the cooling water cooling heat exchanger 11 in order to prevent the temperature of the cooling water from rising when the heat pump is stopped.

Furthermore, although not clearly shown in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 above, the power sources for the fan motor, pump, blower, etc. used in the hot water generator of the present invention are all powered by the output of the engine 1. However, if commercial power is easily available, it is of course possible to obtain power from an external power source to drive them. be.

Furthermore, although the present invention is configured as a hot water generator, if an absorption refrigerator is installed in place of the radiator 24 of the hot water circulation system 21, it can also be used as an energy-saving cold water generator. I can do it.

The engine-driven heat pump type hot water generator of the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, and when performing heating operation, the engine 1 is driven, the clutch mechanism 3 is engaged, and the compressor 5 is operated. When the heat medium in the heat pump A circuit is compressed by the compressor 5 to become a high-pressure heat medium and passes through the condenser 7, it imparts heat to the hot water in the hot water circulation system 21, and then the pressure is rapidly reduced by the expansion valve 8. Evaporator 9
heat exchanger 11 for cooling the cooling water.
Heat is extracted from the engine 1 cooling water, heated by a heat exchanger 14 for heating the heat medium provided in the exhaust passage 13 of the engine 1, and returned to the compressor 5.

Therefore, the evaporator9. The heat given to the heat medium in the heat exchangers 11 and 14 is given to the hot water in the hot water circulation system 21 in the condenser 7, and the hot water is also given to the hot water in the engine exhaust passage 1.
The heating air is heated when it passes through the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 23 provided at No. 3, and the heated air is sent to the area to be air-conditioned.

Note that when the outside air temperature is extremely low and the capacity of the heat pump type hot water generator is insufficient, the reheating device 25 provided in the exhaust passage 13 of the engine 1 is operated to raise the temperature of the hot water.

Furthermore, when the temperature of the hot water reaches a predetermined level or higher, the control device detects the temperature of the hot water and operates, disengaging the clutch mechanism 3, stopping the heat pump, and suppressing a rise in the temperature of the hot water.

In this way, the clutch mechanism 7 is engaged and disengaged in immediate response to the temperature of the hot water, thereby starting and stopping the heat pump, and the hot water passing through the radiator 24 of the hot water circulation system 21 is maintained at a predetermined temperature and sent to the area to be air-conditioned. Air temperature is kept constant.

As described above, the hot water generator of the present invention connects the compressor of the heat pump circuit equipped with the condenser for heating the hot water flowing in the hot water circulation system to the engine, and also connects the compressor of the heat pump circuit with the engine to the hot water circulation system. In an engine-driven heat pump type hot water generator provided with an exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger for exchanging heat with exhaust gas, the compressor of the heat pump circuit is inserted when the temperature of hot water in the hot water circulation system is lower than a predetermined value. , is connected to the engine via a clutch mechanism that disengages when the temperature is higher than that, and heat is exchanged between the low-pressure heat medium of the heat pump circuit and the cooling water of an engine cooling circuit independent from the hot water circulation circuit. It is equipped with an exchanger to recover engine mechanical energy, exhaust gas, and thermal energy released into engine cooling water, and is configured to be effectively used for heating hot water, so it is different from conventional boiler set hot water generation. Compared to other devices, the device is easier to move, can be used in places where commercial power is not available, and has a temperature of about 30 to 40
% in fuel costs, making it particularly economical. In addition, it removes heat from the engine cooling water to suppress its temperature rise, and heats the hot water in the hot water circulation circuit, so it can last for a long time. It is possible to prevent the engine from overheating due to continuous operation, and it is also possible to maintain the hot water temperature in the hot water circulation circuit higher than that of conventional engine-driven hot water generators, which has the advantage of greatly improving the efficiency of the device. It has a great effect.

Moreover, according to the present invention, the engine and the compressor of the heat pump circuit are connected via a clutch mechanism that engages when the hot water temperature of the hot water circulation circuit is lower than a predetermined value and disengages when it is higher than that. It is possible to maintain the hot water in the hot water circulation circuit at a predetermined temperature, and it also has the effect of reducing the extra load on the engine and further improving fuel efficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a device circuit diagram showing the configuration of the engine-driven pump type hot water generator of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an external view of the device, and Fig. 3 is a heat exchanger for exhaust heat recovery used in the device. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the structure of FIG. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Engine, 3... Clutch mechanism, 4-... Heat pump hot water generator, 5... Compressor, 7...
Condenser, 11... Heat exchanger, 21... Hot water circulation system,
23... Heat exchanger for exhaust heat recovery, A... Heat pump circuit.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A compressor of a heat pump circuit equipped with a condenser for heating hot water flowing through the hot water circulation system is connected to the engine, and an exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger for exchanging heat with engine exhaust gas is provided in the hot water circulation system. In the engine-driven heat pump type hot water generation device, the compressor of the heat pump circuit is connected to the engine via a clutch mechanism that engages when the temperature of hot water in the hot water circulation system is lower than a predetermined value and disengages when the temperature is higher than the predetermined value. The engine drive is characterized in that the heat pump circuit is connected to the heat pump circuit and is provided with a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the low-pressure heat medium of the heat pump circuit and the cooling water of an engine cooling water circuit independent from the hot water circulation circuit. Heat pump hot water generator.