JPS6031763A - Automatic sampling apparatus of blood component - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for continuously collecting each component of blood separated by a centrifuge or the like.
The present invention relates to an automatic blood component collection device that constantly monitors the stacking state of each blood component and automatically controls the amount of each component collected.

<Background of the Invention> In recent years, blood collected from the same blood donor is separated into multiple blood components using a centrifuge, and these are stored in a collection chamber in a stacked state, and only the necessary components are continuously extracted from each separated layer. A return transfusion method has been developed in which the blood is extracted and transfused to the recipient, while other components are reconstituted and returned to the donor. Therefore, in the case of this type of method, for each blood component after separation processing, the stacking state of the separation layers in the collection chamber is constantly monitored, and the desired component is gradually collected from each separation layer in an amount corresponding to the layer thickness. I need to go.

However, conventionally, the blood transfusion operator visually observed the condition of the collection chamber to understand the position and layer thickness of each separation layer, and based on the observation results, manually operated the blood collection pump to separate each blood component. The amount collected was adjusted individually. For this reason, conventional methods have had many problems, such as requiring skill to collect blood, placing a heavy workload on the blood transfusion operator, and requiring time and effort for blood transfusion.

<Object of the Invention> The present invention provides an automatic blood component collection device that streamlines this type of blood transfusion processing and reduces the workload of blood transfusion operators by automating a series of operations necessary for implementing the return transfusion method. The purpose is to provide

<Structure and Effects of the Invention> In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a collection chamber that stores each blood component after separation in a layered state, and has a component outlet and a component outlet corresponding to the set position of each separation layer. An optical sensor for detecting the position of the separation layer is provided, and a control circuit compares the sensor output with the separation layer setting data, controls the operation of the pump based on the comparison result, and controls each blood component to be drawn out from each outlet. The amount of derivation is now regulated.

According to the present invention, the return transfusion method can be completely automated, blood transfusion processing can be made more efficient without requiring any skill, and the work burden on the transfusion operator can be significantly reduced, which are excellent effects that achieve the purpose of the invention. play.

<Description of Embodiments> FIGS. 1 and 2 show an example of the configuration of an apparatus that separates blood collected from a donor into components such as red blood cells, platelets, white blood cells, and plasma, and stores them.

The illustrated apparatus has a structure in which a separating section 2 is provided along the outer periphery of a rotating body 1, and a collection chamber 3 having four transparent containers is attached to the end of the separating section 2. Collected blood is supplied to the separation unit 2 from a blood supply pipe 4, and while the blood goes around the rotating body 1
Under the centrifugal force of , each component separates according to its sedimentation speed.

Each blood component after the separation process is introduced into the collection chamber 3, forms a separation layer within the collection chamber 3, and is deposited in a layered manner in the normal direction. Each separation layer in the illustrated example consists of a plasma layer a, a buffy coat layer containing platelets and white blood cells, and a red blood cell layer C. The collection chamber 3 is provided with outlet ports 5a, 5b, and 5c for blood components corresponding to the positions of the respective separation layers.

5C to lead-out pipes 5a, 5b, and 5c.

Each of the lead-out tubes 5a, 5b, 5c and the supply tube 4 are connected to the blood transport tubes 3a, 8b, 3c and the blood supply tube 9 via a rotary sealing material 7 mounted on a rotating shaft. The rotary sealing material 7 consists of a rotating part and a non-rotating part each having four concentric grooves, and both parts are fluid-tightly connected by aligning the grooves. Each groove of the rotating part has each lead-out pipe 6a.
, 6b, 6c and the supply pipe 4 are in communication, and each groove in the non-rotating part is provided with a transport tube 8a, 8b.

8C and a supply tube 9 are in communication with each other, the supply tube 9 is connected to a blood sampler for collecting donor blood, and the transport tubes 8a, 3b, 3c are connected to three pumps 10 shown in FIG.
a, 10b, and IOC, respectively. Each of these pumps 10a, 10b.

10C extracts each blood component from the collection chamber 3, supplies necessary components to the blood recipient, and returns other components to the donor.

Therefore, the sum total of each component derived from the collection chamber 3 corresponds to the amount of blood collected from the blood sampling meter.

FIG. 3 shows the overall circuit configuration of the automatic blood component sampling device, and FIG. 4 is a timing chart of the circuit.

In the figure, a motor 11 rotates a rotating body l at a predetermined speed,
Further, the rotation detector 12 outputs a rotation synchronization signal io (shown in FIG. 4 (1)) that is synchronized with the rotation of the rotating body 1. A strobe light source 13 is arranged corresponding to the rotation passage position of the collection chamber 3,
It emits light intermittently in response to the one-rotation synchronization signal 10.

Part of the transmitted light from the collection chamber 3 passes through the half mirror 14 and the other part is reflected by the half mirror 14, and this reflected light is further received by the line sensor 16 via the filter 15. The filter 15 is used to enhance the contrast of the image on the line sensor 16, and for example, the filter 15 is used to enhance the contrast of the image on the line sensor 16.
0-450 (nm) and 500-600 [n+n]
When using a filter that passes light in the region, detection of blood pigments such as hemoglopin in plasma components becomes easy, and the contrast of the red blood cell layer becomes particularly clear.

Note that the operator can visually observe the state inside the collection chamber 3 by the light passing through the half mirror 14. Therefore, the operator can check the collection status of each blood component and perform manual operations such as interrupting the collection process as necessary.

The line sensor 16 is made up of a plurality of pixels, and a still image showing the state of the separation layer is chronologically generated by a clock pulse "2" (shown in FIG. 4 (3)) output by the pulse generator 17. This image signal So(
(shown in FIG. 4 (4)) are the oscilloscope 18 and 3
comparators 19°20.21. Among these, the comparator 19 is set with a variable resistor VR1 to set the permissible value v1 of hemoglobin mixing into plasma components, and the comparators 20 and 21 are set with variable resistors R2 and VR3 to set the boundary between each separation layer. In other words, the reference value V2 defines the upper and lower boundaries of the buffy coat layer located in the middle.
, V3 are set, and the signal level of the pixel signal "o" is compared with reference values Vl, v2.3, respectively, in the comparators 19, 20.21.

In this way, each comparator 19, 20.21 receives the pixel signal S
When the signal level of o exceeds the respective reference value, a comparison signal that becomes logic "1" is output, and the comparison output j of the comparator 19
1 (shown in Figure 4 (5)) is a flip-flop 22.2
3, the comparison output j2 of the comparator 20 (Fig. 4 (6)
) is sent to the first counter 24, the inverted output j5 of the comparator 20 and the comparison output J6 of the comparator 21 are sent to the AND circuit 27, and the inverted output L of the comparator 21 (shown in the fourth
(8)) are sent to the third counter 26, and the logical sum output j3 (shown in FIG. 4 (7)
) is sent to the second counter 25.

The flip-flop 22 outputs the opening/closing control signal j7 of the gate circuit 28, and when the gate is in the "gate open" state with this signal, the clock pulse amount 2 is sent from the pulse generator 17 to each counter 24.25°26. It will be done. Further, another flip-flop n receives a drive signal js for automatically operating the device.
(shown in FIG. 4 (9)), and this drive signal j8 disappears when hemolysis in plasma components exceeds an allowable value, and the operation of the device is automatically regulated.

The first counter 24 measures the thickness of the plasma layer 3 by a counting operation corresponding to the pulse width of the comparison output j2, and the second counter 25 measures the thickness of the buffy coat layer 3 by a counting operation corresponding to the pulse width of the logical sum output j3. Measure the layer thickness, and then measure the third layer thickness.
The counter 26 measures the layer thickness of the red blood cell layer C by a counting operation corresponding to the pulse width of the inverted output j4. Each counter 2
4', 25.26 count data CPU (Centr
alProcessing Unit) 29 and set in the memory 30. This memory 30
are set with setting data +B, -B that determine the upper and lower boundary positions of the buffy coat layer, and the CPU 29 compares the setting data 10B, -B with the count data taken in from each counter 24, 25, and 26. In addition, each pump 1
0a, 10b, controls the operation of IOC.

In the figure, the signal i1 (shown in FIG. 4 (2)) is a reset signal for each counter 24, 25, 26, and the signal je
(shown in FIG. 4) is an interrupt signal to the CPU 29.

However, the collection chamber 3 is initially filled with physiological saline, and in this case, the signal level of the image signal So shows the maximum level. When the pumps 101 to IOC are operated all at once in this state, blood is collected from the donor, and the motor 11
When driven, the rotating body 1 rotates, and the collected blood is centrifuged in the separating section 2. As a result, plasma components first flow into the collection chamber 3, followed by red blood cell components. Fifth
FIG. 6(1) shows this state, and at this stage, the oscilloscope 1B displays an image signal So whose signal level is slightly lower than the maximum level (as shown in FIG. 6(1)). When the stage shown in FIG. 5(1) is reached, only the pump 10a for plasma collection is operated, and the red blood cell layer C
The layer thickness increases gradually. When the red blood cell layer C reaches the stage shown in FIG. 5 (2) where the transmitted light is blocked, the oscilloscope 1B displays an image signal So having a low level portion corresponding to the red blood cell layer C (see FIG. 6 (2). )l shown). At this stage, while checking the displayed waveform on the oscilloscope 18,
The reference value (3) given to the comparator 21 is set to a value slightly higher than the lowest level of the image signal So using the variable resistor VR3. Further, when most of the physiological saline has been discharged from the collection chamber 3, a hemoglobin contamination tolerance value 1 to be applied to the comparator 19 is set using the variable resistor VR1.

FIG. 5(3) shows the state at the time when the interface of the red blood cell layer C reaches the setting data B, which is preset in the CPU 2g. At this stage, the pump IOC for collecting red blood cells
is activated, and the image signal S shown in FIG. 6(3) is generated. The flow speeds of the pump 10a and the IOC are controlled so that the intersection point Xl between and the reference value (3) coincides with the setting data B.

As time passes further, a plasma layer λ is added to the collection chamber 3.
A buffy coat layer appears between the red blood cell layer C and the red blood cell layer C, and the displayed waveform portion of the oscilloscope 1B widens. A reference value v2 is set midway between .

Figure 5 (4) shows the setting data 10B in which the interface between the buffy coat layer and the plasma layer C is preset to cpu2g.
Indicates the state at the time of reaching . When this stage is reached, the pump 10b for collecting buffy coat components is operated, and the pump 10b is operated so that the intersection x 2 between the image signal So and the reference value v2 shown in FIG. The flow rate is controlled.

The above series of control operations are performed by the CPU 29 or each counter 24,
Setting data 10B was set in the memory 30 while taking in the counting data of 25 and 26.

- This is done by comparing with B. If, during this execution process, the brightness of the plasma component decreases due to hemolysis, the flip-flop 23 will not be set and the drive signal j8 will disappear. This causes the CPU 29 to control each pump 10.
a~ Stop the driving of the IOC, display warning characters, etc. on the display to prompt the operator to take countermeasures.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a plan view showing the automatic blood component sampling device, Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the sampling chamber, Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration of the device, and Figs. 4 (1) to ( 1ol is a timing chart of the circuit shown in FIG. 3, FIGS.
) to (4) are waveform explanatory diagrams showing changes in image signals. 3...Collection chambers 10a, 10b, 10c...Pump 13...Strobe light source 16...Line sensor yellow k Figure (3)

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] ■ A transparent collection chamber in which each separated blood component is accumulated in a stacked state and provided with an outlet for each component corresponding to the set position of each separation layer, and The operation of the pump is controlled based on a pump that extracts each blood component, an optical sensor for detecting the position of the separation layer installed corresponding to the setting position of each separation layer, and a comparison between the sensor output and the separation layer setting data. An automatic blood component sampling device comprising: a control circuit for regulating the amount of each blood component drawn out; (2) The automatic blood component collection device according to claim 1, wherein the collection chamber has three stacked layers: a red blood cell layer, a buffy coat layer containing platelets and white blood cells, and a plasma layer.