JPS603117B2 - Heavy clay soil conditioner - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heavy clay soil conditioner, and more specifically to a heavy clay soil conditioner comprising a basic aluminum salt containing an inorganic polyvalent anion.

Many of the cultivated lands in Japan have heavy clay soils, and such soils are extremely difficult to work with, and even if they are plowed, rain or irrigation can cause the soil to stick and harden.
Crop growth is severely inhibited because water and air circulation becomes almost impossible.

In addition, many areas in these areas have little value as arable land and remain undeveloped. Therefore, improving such soil into good arable land is a major challenge for Japanese agriculture. Basic aluminum salts, sulfite pulp waste liquid, acrylamide monomer, water glass, sodium aluminate, urea-formalin initial condensate, etc., and their gelling agents or hardening agents are used as soil solidifying agents to solidify soft ground and prevent water leakage. However, these are intended to rapidly solidify the entire ground and give it high strength, and as mentioned above, heavy clay soil becomes sticky due to body rinsing, rainwater, etc. Such drugs are not suitable because they solidify. Therefore, the methods currently being used include: ■ Burying the culvert drainage pipe ■ Method using 0± crushing ■ Method using sand and soil ■ Method using large amounts of compost, etc.
Alternatively, the method (2) has economical problems and does not have sufficient improvement effects, and the method (2) requires a great deal of labor to produce and apply the compost, and is not necessarily fully effective.
However, in recent years, methods of using water-soluble organic polymers or basic aluminum chloride alone have been proposed, but the former is expensive and its safety is often unconfirmed, while the latter is a method of using potassium in the soil. Intestinal ions necessary for crop growth, such as calcium, magnesium, etc., are replaced with aluminum, causing significant dehydration, and chlorine ions can also cause damage to crops, so it is not recommended as a soil conditioner for cultivated land. is not desirable.

The present inventor's brush improver was created as a result of research to improve the momme point of the latter basic aluminum chloride, and the first invention contains an inorganic polyvalent anion. The second invention relates to a soil conditioner made of a basic aluminum salt, and the second invention relates to a soil conditioner made of a basic aluminum salt containing an inorganic polyvalent anion and an inorganic monovalent anion. The purpose is to provide a soil conditioner with a large grain effect.

The soil that is the subject of the present invention is a heavy soil (viscosity 45% or more, silt 55% or less) according to the measurement and classification method of the International Society of Soil Science, and similar properties with a viscosity of 40 to 45% and silt of 55 to 60%. soil.

Hereinafter, these soils will be referred to as heavy clay soils. The heavy clay soil conditioner of the first invention is, for example, one in which basic aluminum sulfate or a part of aluminum ion is directly imitated with trivalent iron ion, and the basicity is calculated by the method described below. It is in the range of 30-60.

The heavy clay soil conditioner of the second invention has the general formula Rm(OH
) n anion, a indicates the valence of the inorganic multivalent anion Y, X/Y (molar ratio), 3m-n-ak/k=1 to I
Q basicity, that is, n/3m×100=30 to 85%).

Therefore, the concentration of the heavy clay soil conditioner of the first and second inventions may be within a stable range as a solution, and even a basic aluminum salt aqueous solution having a composition within the above range may be used as a powder. But that's fine.

Now, to specifically show some of the effects of the first and second inventions, they are the following interruptions.

Specific example 1 Air-dried heavy clay soil (51.5% clay, 41% silt).
2%, pongee sand 69%, hammer sand 0.4%, base substitution capacity 28.
8h. e. ) 500 pieces of sawdust, 100 pieces of an aqueous solution prepared by diluting a grain improver having the composition shown in Table 1 to a concentration of 1% R203 (where R represents mountain or AI and trivalent Fe) were added and mixed, and the mixture was air-dried. A water resistance test was conducted using a rear wheel of 8U and 20 grains of 1 to 2 ribs in diameter.

In addition, after air-drying ± 10 days after harvest, soil mass, fin conductivity (E
C) and water-removal components were analyzed.

Water Resistance Test Method Twenty grains were spread thinly on a paper sheet placed on top of the sand layer, and water was poured to a depth of 0.5 mm below the paper sheet to allow capillary wetting of the sample for 24 hours.

This sample was placed in a 300ml Erlenmeyer flask containing 200ml of water, left to stand for 2 hours, then stirred in a reciprocating shaker (10q/min) for 30 minutes, and then separated into jars. Using a rhombus (knot diameter, 1.Q broadside, 0.5 ribs, 0.25 broadside, amplitude 3.8, speed 30 times/min), the fish were pricked under water for 40 minutes, and after drying, the weight was measured. Particle distribution was measured.
Table 1 shows the composition of the soil conditioner used, and Table 2 shows the results of particle analysis.

Table 1 Table 2 *Untreated As is clear from the above table, the soil conditioners of the first invention and the second invention have extremely large agglomeration effects.

Table 3 *Soil to water ratio]: 5 In other words, when treated with the heavy clay soil improver of the present invention, the depletion of ions was extremely high.

Next, regarding the soil treatment method, the heavy clay soil conditioner of the present invention may be diluted and sprayed on heavy clay soil.
It may be introduced together with Rensui.

Powdered products may also be added to heavy clay soils. Prior to such soil treatment, the soil conditioner of the present invention may contain fertilizer salts such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, and the like. The amount of the soil conditioner of the present invention to be added varies depending on the nature of the heavy clay soil and the type of soil conditioner, but it is R2Q (where R represents N or nails and trivalent Fe) for air-dried soil.

) is 0.02 to 1%. The amount of addition, agglomeration effect, and leaching effect are as follows. Specific example 2 Air-dried heavy clay paddy soil (Shinshi, clay 47.2%, silt 42%, pongee sand 10.3%, coarse sand 0.5%) AI Yo3 concentration 0.5% at 500 yen, Sample No. 1 of Specific Example 1 diluted to 1.25% and 2.5%. 100 tons of soil conditioners Nos. 3, 7, and 11 were added and mixed, air-dried, and the particle distribution, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and water-soluble lucium were measured and analyzed in the same manner as in Example 1.

The results are shown in Table 4.

Table 4 * Untreated soil As is clear from the above explanation, when the soil conditioner of the present invention is used, the leaching of intestinal ions is 4.5%, and when heavy clay soil is treated with the soil conditioner of the present invention, The grains immediately aggregate into water-resistant, moderately sized grains, forming a flexible structure that not only makes tilling work extremely easy, but also significantly improves water permeability and air circulation and retention, allowing crop roots to grow freely. Since the soil becomes oxidized deep into the soil, the root rot caused by reduction unlike in untreated soil does not occur, and crops grow better.

Examples of the present invention are listed below.

Example 1 Heavy clay paddy soil (viscosity 40.0%, silt 44.0%)
, mesh sand 15.2%, coarse sand 0.8%, base substitution capacity Matsugitsune
・) After air drying, analyze.

A pot' contains 3k9 each, sample No. of specific example 1.
After adding and mixing 0.25% N203 of the soil conditioners Nos. 7 and 11 to the air-dried soil, the soil was irrigated and left for 2 days. Next, the water was drained and desalted, and 3 nights of lime and 1 night of magnesium hydroxide were added per pot, and after leaving it for 2 weeks, ammonium sulfate, superphosphate lime, and salt were mixed with N, P205, and 1 t of salt per pot. The mixture was mixed in the upper layer, and wheat was sown and the growth status was observed. The results are shown in Table 5. Table 5 *... Untreated area a... Insufficient germination and growth b... The soil condition is quite good, but the tips of the lower leaves have begun to wither from the end of March. , the number of panicles is also low c...
± Miss, good growth d...Soil, good growth Example 2 Heavy clay soil (clay 553%, silt 4%, fine sand 5.
3%, coarse sand 1.

0%, base displacement capacity 31.5 m. e. ) is the vertical stripe a'.The soil conditioner of the first invention and the second invention is AI203.
After spraying 15k9, the water was drained and desalinated, drained again, and plowed to grow paddy rice seedlings.

The growth was good, and the brown rice in the soil conditioner treatment area of the first invention was 39.0X9, and the brown rice in the second invention treatment area was 42.0X9.
, and the total amount for the fertilization area was 32.0k9. In addition, ammonium sulfate, superphosphate lime, and chloride were used as base fertilizers, N, = P205, K2.
100 ta was applied as 0. Next, after the rice was harvested, the rice was plowed. All of the plots of the present invention were extremely easy to till, and it took about 1'2 more time to till the rice than in the untreated plots. ± of the first invention
Soil conditioner composition

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A heavy clay soil conditioner comprising a basic aluminum salt containing an inorganic polyvalent anion. 2. A heavy clay soil conditioner consisting of a basic aluminum salt containing an inorganic polyvalent anion and an inorganic monovalent anion.