JPS6027674A - Granular solid wool fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a granular solid wool fertilizer that is made of residual solids from washing waste water from which wool fat is recovered during wool washing and has good fertilization efficiency, soil improvement properties, and ease of handling.

Conventionally, solvent cleaning methods have been used to clean raw wool, with both water washing and cleaning efficiency.However, the solvent washing waste after washing contains impurities such as wool fat, fine mud and sand, and excrement. Contains. Therefore, the method for treating this solvent washing waste liquid is to centrifuge it to separate it into the solvent and slurry-like wool sludge, collect the dissolved wool fat from the solvent, and dry the wool sludge to remove the remaining solids. However, recently, a report has been published (Special Publication No. 47158/1983) that this residual solid material can be used as an effective fertilizer, and some are considering its implementation. It is being done.

However, when the residual solids are used as fertilizer, they are difficult to handle if they are in the form of a slurry, so they are dried into solids using a drum method or spray hot air circulation method, but neither method produces fine powder or lumps. It is inconvenient to handle because it is a product in the form of leaves, etc., and it is particularly easy to scatter when it is in the form of a fine powder, and when it is applied, there is a problem that it reduces the air permeability, water retention, water permeability, etc. of the soil.

In addition, lump-like and leaf-like products have poor miscibility with soil and poor fertilizer effect, and have to be crushed into suitable granules in order to be used as a good fertilizer.

In order to maximize the fertilizing effect of the residual solids of the wool washing wastewater, which is effective after fertilizing, from the viewpoint of fertilizer ingredients, it is natural to use it as a compound fertilizer in combination with other fertilizers containing other ingredients. However, the present inventors have determined that when used alone as fertilizer, as well as in combination with other fertilizers, the residual solids are granulated at the same time as drying using a specific drying method, and the form is When using granulated solid fertilizer, it is easy to handle and transport, and has good fertilization efficiency, spreadability, and blending properties when used as fertilizer, and is also useful for improving soil properties such as water retention, water permeability, and air permeability. The present invention was completed based on the finding that it exhibits excellent effects.

This is a granular solid wool fertilizer characterized by having a particle size of 03 to 109.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

The composition of the granular solid wool fertilizer of the present invention varies depending on the production area, breed, and growing climate conditions of the raw wool, but is generally as follows.

Total amount of nitrogen 3-4% by weight Water-soluble potash 9-15 I Wool fat 1-20 I Moisture 2-5 Others (organic matter, etc.) Nitrogen and potassium are effective as residual fertilizer components, and especially the potassium content is low. Since it is mostly contained in the form of water-soluble carbonates, chlorides, and sulfates, it is ideal as a potash fertilizer containing mineral substances.

Wool fat, which is an oil content, is contained in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight, but if it is within this range, when used as fertilizer, the decomposition products of wool fat will not have any harmful effect on the respiration of plant roots. Rather, the inclusion of fats and oils acts to surround nitrogen and potassium components, converting the fertilizing properties from fast-acting to slow-acting, and also makes it easier to form into granular solids.

Moreover, if the content of wool fat exceeds 20% by weight, a large amount of decomposition products will be produced, which will inhibit the respiration of plant roots, which is not preferable.

The particle size of granular solid wool fertilizer is 03 to 1 as the average particle size of the granules.
A range of 0wIL is preferable, and within this range, dust generation will be prevented during spraying and unevenness will not occur, physical effects such as prevention of classification during blending, and excess water will be prevented when mixed with soil and used. It has a soil improvement effect with excellent water permeability and water retention capacity, and has good packaging workability and handling.If the average particle size of the granules is less than 0.3 Tsuru, dust will be generated during fertilization and the handling will be difficult. Moreover, if the number exceeds 10, the fertilization efficiency and the above-mentioned soil reforming effect will be poor, and the handleability will be poor, making it unsuitable. Further, granular solids having a particle size exceeding 10 m6 can be pulverized and used after being adjusted to a particle size within the range of 0.3 to 10 m6.

The apparent specific gravity is preferably 06 to 0.99/CC in order to form aggregates in a preferred form when the granular solid wool fertilizer is mixed with soil, and to improve the air permeability and water permeability of the soil during fertilization. If it is less than 0.6970.0, there will be many voids and the water retention property will be poor, and if it exceeds 0.9 fI/CC, the water permeability will be poor.

The true specific gravity is 15 to 18, and in this range, combined with the above particle size, the dispersibility is good.

The water content is preferably 1 to 10% by weight; if it is less than 1% by weight, it will be difficult to mold it into granules, and even if it can be molded, it will easily crumble into powder, and if it exceeds 10% by weight, the above particle size will be reduced. It is difficult to form the product into a range of granular products, and condensation occurs on the inside of the bag during storage, making it unsuitable.

Next, a method for producing the granular solid wool fertilizer of the present invention will be described.

The solvent washing waste water obtained by washing raw wool with a solvent is centrifuged to separate it into a slurry-like wool sludge containing a solvent in which wool fat has been dissolved and residual solids.

This wool sludge usually has an absolute viscosity of 200,000 m p
a-s ~ 300,000m pa-s, moisture 3-20
% by weight and 30-60% by weight of solvent. next,
The wool sludge was placed in a closed paddle type agitation dryer, with an internal temperature of 90 to 120'C and a paddle movement speed of 5 to 1.
After drying by heating at 5 m/sea for 10 to 30 minutes to granulate the product at the same time as drying, the product is separated from the solvent vapor using a dust collector and cooled to obtain a product. Solvent vapor is condensed and recovered in a condenser. If necessary, the granular solid may be sieved to adjust the particle size to a desired size.

The PAD/L) type stirring type dryer is a closed cylindrical container with a heating jacket, in which a shaft with a number of stirring paddles effectively installed at predetermined positions rotates, and the slurry contained in the closed cylindrical container is supplied from an inlet. The wool slack is constantly stirred and moved to the discharge port, where it is dried and granulated at the same time. The heating method may be an indirect heating method in which heat is supplied from the jacket, a direct heating method in which high-temperature air is moved in parallel or countercurrent with the dry raw material, or a combination of direct heating and indirect heating.

The content of wool fat in pile-shaped solid wool fertilizer can be determined by adjusting the separation effect during centrifugation of solvent washing waste from raw wool.
By specifying the solvent content of wool sludge in the range of 30 to 60% by weight, it is possible to obtain a desired product with the wool fat content in the range of 1 to 20% by weight, and the solvent content of wool sludge is 30% by weight. If the weight percentage is too low, the slurry will have a high viscosity and will not form into a slurry, making it difficult to run the dryer continuously.If it exceeds 60 weight%, the slurry will have a low viscosity, making granulation difficult, and a large amount of heat will be required for drying. It is not economical.

In the paddle type agitating dryer, the paddle moving speed is a necessary condition for granulating wool sludge, and is 5 to 15 m.
/sea is preferable; at a low speed of 5 m/sec or less, the slurry adheres to the inner wall of the closed cylindrical container and solidifies, making it impossible to rotate the paddle, and at a speed of 1.15 mAec or more, appropriate granulation is not performed.

The solvent used for cleaning is 1.1. l-trichloroethine,
Preferred are trichlorethylene, methylene chloride, perchlorethylene, trichlorethylene, 1.1.2-trichloro-1,2,2-)liflorethane, and the like.

The granular solid wool fertilizer of the present invention produced by the method described above has the above-mentioned various physical and chemical properties. The specific properties specified are shown below.

In other words, the shape is so-called granular shape (C), and all of them are amorphous, and the ratio of major axis / minor axis is less than 2, and it is a so-called fine gravel-like aggregate with rounded edges, and is slightly moist sand-like and non-scattering. It is a granular soil analogue that is easily miscible with the dark brown soil of the country.

The hardness is such that it deforms and collapses when crushed with a finger, and the adhesive strength is strong and even if you try to break it up with a needle, it is like grains of rice that are drying out. .

Particles do not stick together under normal natural conditions, but when particles are lightly squeezed, they stick together and form a clump, which is easily loosened and separated and returns to its original normal state, but the more the particle shape is deformed, the more When pressed with high pressure, it becomes a lump that is difficult to separate.

As detailed above, the granular solid wool fertilizer of the present invention is effective as a slow-release organic fertilizer with fertilizer retention ability, and of course can be used alone, but since it is a granular material, it can be used with other fertilizers. It is easy to mix, for example, when used in combination with phosphoric acid fertilizer or solid fertilizer, a fertilizer with the same effect as the compounding material can be obtained, and it is also easy to mix with soil, and the mixed soil forms good aggregates and has good air permeability. Shows excellent water permeability and water retention.

Furthermore, it is easy to handle, does not scatter when spreading fertilizer, and packaging work in the manufacturing process can be simplified (1υ), and packaged products can be stored for a long time without condensation forming inside the packaging bag. At the same time, the residue generated during wool washing can be used effectively, and resources can be reused.

Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.
The particle size indicates the average particle size, and the apparent specific gravity was determined by the usual method, and the dust resistance, spreadability, and texture were determined by touch and the naked eye.

Example 1 The washing waste liquid obtained by washing raw wool using 1,1.1-)lichloroethane as a solvent was centrifuged to reduce the water content to 45% by weight,
Viscosity 200.000 mp containing 515% by weight of solvent
A wool sludge in the form of a slurry was obtained. The wool sludge was put into a paddle type agitation dryer at 3.85 t/min.
Introduced at a rate of 7.8 m/5eas
After drying for 20 minutes at a jacket drying temperature of 105°C, the mixture was separated from the solvent through a dust collector and cooled to room temperature to obtain a granular product. The composition, viscosity, specific gravity, apparent specific gravity, and citric acid elution rate of the obtained product are shown in Table 1, and the results of the water retention and water content tests are shown in Table 2.

The product was a blackish brown, smooth, dry granular solid, and had good spreadability, texture, and dust resistance.

Comparative Example 1 The same wool sludge as in Example 1 was dried by a spray hot air circulation method to obtain a powdered product. The properties and various test results of this product are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

In addition, the product was a brown powder that easily generated dust and had poor spreadability and dust resistance.

Comparative Example 2 Using the same wool sludge as in Example 1, it was introduced into a paddle type agitation dryer at a rate of 3.85 L/mir+, the paddle moving speed was 3 m/sec, and the jacket drying temperature was 105
After drying at ℃ for 20 minutes, the same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out to obtain a lump-like product. The properties and various test results of this product are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

The product was a blackish brown lump-like mass with poor dispersibility.

°The citric acid dissolution rate is the value measured by the following method.

The measurement was carried out using the apparatus shown in FIG.

Glass wool was provided as a support layer 2 at the bottom of a 100 m, 1 separatory funnel 1, and a mixture 3 made by uniformly mixing various samples with 302 and 70 mm of silica sand with a grain size of 500 was placed on top of it, and the mixture 3 was mixed to 1 weight. After adding the citric acid aqueous solution 4, adjust the dropping speed using the cock 5, replenish the 1% by weight citric acid aqueous solution from above from the chemical pump 6, and then let 3 tons of the citric acid aqueous solution pass through in 120 minutes. The potassium content in the aqueous solution accumulated in the receiver 7 was measured at regular intervals. On the other hand, the soluble potassium content in the samples was measured separately. From this result, the citric acid elution rate was determined by the following formula.

・Water retention and moisture content test A funnel-shaped container 8 shown in FIG.
Next, 100 c and 100 c of water were added from above, and the amount of water distilled into the receiver 7 was measured at each time interval. (Water retention) Next, approximately 20'i of each sample reached the saturated state after 1 hour.
Weigh accurately, dry in an electric constant temperature dryer at 105℃±2℃,
The weight of the sample was measured when it reached a constant weight, and the moisture content was calculated using the following formula.

Collected sample weight (2) 1) Soil composition: ignition loss 54%, SiO□'66%, A
Brown low-density powder having a grain size of 11% and having a grain size of 2 g or less was used.

2) Sample NQl is a mixture of 10% by weight of the granules of Example 1 and 90% by weight of the above soil.

3) Sample level 2 is a mixture of 10% by weight of the powder of Comparative Example 1 and 90% by weight of the soil described in Section 2.

4) Sample Nn3 is a mixture of 10% by weight of the lumps of Comparative Example 2 and 90% by weight of the above soil.

5) The sand used was one that had been passed through a second sieve so that the particle size was equal to 1.

From the above various test results, it is clearly seen that the granular solid wool fertilizer of the present invention is excellent in slow release, water retention, and water permeability.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the measuring device for citric acid dissolution rate, Figure 2
The figure is an explanatory diagram showing a water retention measuring device.・Aqueous citric acid solution 8...Funnel-shaped container Customer Asahi Kasei Industries Co., Ltd. Toa Boshoku Co., Ltd. Agent Yutaka 1) Yoshio Figure 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) A granular solid wool fertilizer consisting of residual solids from washing waste water from which wool fat is recovered during wool washing, and having an average particle size of 0.6 to 10 mm.