JPS60258514A - Optical apparatus for microscope - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an optical device for a microscope, and in particular, a main beam path in which an objective lens and an observation tube of the microscope are arranged;
An additional auxiliary beam path that can be selectively interposed between the objective lens and the observation tube of the microscope instead of a part of the main beam path, and an additional auxiliary beam path that can be inserted into the main beam path to select between the main beam path and the auxiliary beam path. The microscope comprises an optical deflection element that can be taken out from the main beam path, and the auxiliary beam path consists of at least Sl, a second and a third optical surface each deflecting the beam, the third optical surface deflecting the auxiliary beam path into the observation tube. The present invention relates to an optical device for use.

[Prior Art] An optical device of this type is disclosed in Austrian Patent No. 333.
An example is given in No. 052. In this patent specification,
When the optical deflection element is removed from the main optical beam path (main optical axis), an auxiliary beam path is formed, whereas when the optical deflection element is inserted into the optical main beam path, the beam from the objective lens of the microscope is directly It is deflected into the observation tube. The auxiliary beam path is thus aligned with the optical axis of the microscope objective until it is deflected by the first optical surface and extends generally vertically until then. The three beam-deflecting optical surfaces then deflect the auxiliary beam path so that it finally coincides with the main beam path entering the observation tube. Austrian Patent No. 333°052 or its counterpart U.S. Patent No. 3,
According to No. 924/926, at least one image of the object plane or at least one image of the object plane and an image of the exit pupil of the objective is provided in the auxiliary beam path before the auxiliary beam path is first deflected. are located and at least one element for controlling polarization is provided near one of these images. The advantage of such a device is that all optical elements that would interfere with polarization are eliminated.

Polarized light microscopy technology basically distinguishes between two different observation methods: orthoscopic observation and conoscopic observation. Orthoscope observation is a method in which the thin cross-sections of rocks, i.e. the shape of layers, grain size distribution, color structure and grain boundaries, are examined using polarized light, while conoscopic observation of crystal grains discovered by orthoscopy is a method of is a method of observing interference phenomena occurring at the exit pupil of an objective lens. This so-called optical axis interferometry is
Enables measurement of crystal axis number, axis angle, and other optical properties. To display this optical axis interference, first examine a thin cross section of the particle using polarized light. It is then focused into the exit pupil of the large diameter objective used, and is focusable into the centrally located beam path by an auxiliary lens or Bertrand (
Bertrand) lens, isolate the particles with a pinhole aperture if necessary, and observe the resulting interference pattern.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] Microscope Zetopan Φ Paul Toubs (R6ichert)
The Tubus type has a focusable Bertrand lens in the monocular viewing tube, which is positioned at an optically correct point and can be moved in and out of the beam path.

Therefore, in this case, it is possible to switch from the orthoscope observation method to the conoscope observation method in a short time. However, the length and circumference of the monocular observation tube are quite large, which is only possible in particular with monocular microscopes, and not with binocular microscopes.

In the known Orthoplan Po1 type Rife microscope with a binocular tube, a Bertrand lens and an aperture are inserted into and out of the main beam path of the microscope before the main beam path of the microscope is deflected into the inclined binocular tube. It is possible to move. However, here a clear compromise has been made regarding the optical position of the Bertrand lens and the aperture.

The overall height of the microscope is also quite high.

The aim of the invention is to provide an optical device suitable for several different observation methods, in particular orthoscope and conoscopic observation methods.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus in which the optical element for cometoscope observation is in an optically correct position even if the overall height is low.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device suitable for use in a monocular viewing tube or likewise in a binocular viewing tube.

[Means and effects for solving the problems] The above objects are achieved by the present invention. That is, when an optical deflection element is inserted into the main optical beam path of the Yuki optical device, the beam from the objective lens of the microscope is laterally deflected into the auxiliary beam path and the Bertrand lens and this Bertrand This is because a field-limiting element, preferably an iris diaphragm, cooperating with the lens is provided between the optical deflection element and the third optical surface.

In the device according to the invention, the Bertrand lens and the field-limiting element cannot be moved into or out of the main beam path of the microscope;
It is fixedly arranged in an auxiliary beam path which can be selected by simply displacing the optical deflection element in place of the corresponding part of the main beam path. However, the auxiliary beam path does not have a main extension in the vertical direction, but has a main extension in the horizontal or lateral direction, so that the Bertrand lens and its cooperating diaphragm are in the correct optical position. However, the overall height remains low.

Preferably, the Bell I-Rand lens is located between the optical deflection element and the first optical surface, and the field-limiting element cooperating with the Bertrand lens is located between the second optical surface and the third optical surface. . The lateral extension of the auxiliary beam path is thus also made relatively short.

Preferably, the Bertrand lens as well as the first and second optical surfaces are movable along the beam path to accommodate different microscopes and objectives, leaving the position of the field-limiting element unchanged.

In a further embodiment of the invention, an optical deflection element for selecting the main beam path and the auxiliary beam path can be inserted into and removed from the main beam path together with the third optical surface. For example, a triangle with two reflective surfaces (
This can be moved in and out of the main beam path using a living cube) prism. Such a structure has many advantages over devices using two separate mirrors: one totally reflective mirror that can be moved in and out to form a deflection element, and the other a fixed semi-transparent mirror. .

If the optical deflection element for selecting the main beam path and the auxiliary beam path and the third optical surface can be removed and another optical element for performing different observation methods can be inserted into the main beam, the versatility of this apparatus can be further increased. For example, all incident light methods (interference contrast method, polarization method, bright field method) can be implemented using split mirrors.

In order to use the optical device according to the invention in practice, the invention provides an elongated support member which can be mounted adjacent to the main beam path between the objective lens and the observation tube of the microscope, an optical deflection element and a third optical element. a first optical system (preferably < is a triangular prism), which comprises a surface and is movable in and out of the main beam path along a support member transversely to the main beam path;
a second optical system comprising an optical surface and mounted towards one end of the support member such that it can be displaced along the support member; and a second optical system that is displaceable along the support member in the beam path between the optical deflection element and the first optical surface. a second optical surface comprising a freely mounted Bertrand lens and a fixed field-limiting element cooperating with the Bertrand lens mounted on a support member along the beam path between the second optical surface and the third optical surface; The optical system and Bertrand lens are
Actuation means are actuated simultaneously by two interconnected spindles of different lengths and pitches from a rotary knob provided at said one end of the support member to displace the first optical system at the other end of the elongated support member. An apparatus is also provided.

This type of device consists of a double-limited observation tube or a photography tube and a W
It can be designed as an additional unit that can be inserted as an intermediate tube between the objective lens of the J microscope. However, a device of this type can also be designed as a built-in or built-on system for installation on a telephoto lens instead of a dual reflex prism or as a bush-in unit for use instead of a lighting module.

This device not only flexes laterally and becomes more compact, but also features a single rotating knob that focuses the Bertrand lens to suit different microscope lenses even though the Bertrand lens and the first and second optical surfaces cannot be displaced. This ensures easy operation.

For an objective lens corrected closer than infinity,
Since the displacement length is short, the amount of movement can be approximated linearly, but for an objective lens corrected to infinity, the Bartland lens always has a fixed intermediate image, so that the first and second optical surfaces are It must travel twice the distance.

Preferably, a further optical element can be mounted at the other end of the support member, which can be moved into the main beam path by actuating means when the first optical system is moved out of the main beam path.

Further advantages, details and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments, which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

[Example] The elongated support 10 carries a dovetail-shaped guide 11, and a first optical system 12 consisting of a living cube-shaped prism 16 is displaceably attached to the dovetail-shaped guide 11. 16 is mounted on a holder 14 which is placed directly on the dovetail boat guide II. The living cube prism 16 has two reflective surfaces, one of which, 18 , forms an optical deflection element that deflects the beam in the main beam path 20 into the auxiliary beam path 22 .

If the first optical system 12, which is outside the main beam path 20 in the drawing, is located inside the main beam path 20, a deflection occurs. The first optical system 12 is connected to this first optical system 12 via a rod 24 and can be moved into this position by actuating means 23 which can be actuated from the outside.

A Bertrand lens 26 is likewise displaceably mounted on the same dovetail guide 11 in the auxiliary beam path 22, the position of which can be adjusted by means of a rotary knob 30 provided outside the support 10. It can be precisely fixed on the spindle 28. Dovetail boat-shaped guide ll
A second optical system 32, similarly guided above, is adjustable on a hollow spindle by means of the same rotary knob 30, which hollow spindle is mounted on the threaded spindle 28 and has different thread pitches. . The second optical system has two optical mirrors 36, 38, which are fixed to the holder 34, the mirror 36 acting as a first optical surface for deflecting the auxiliary beam path 22 upwards, and the mirror 38 , acts as a second optical surface that deflects the auxiliary beam path 22 back into the first optical system 12. First optical system 1
An iris diaphragm 40 is fixed in the passage to 2.

Instead of this iris diaphragm 40, it is also possible to provide a pinhole diaphragm that can be moved into and out of the beam path. Third
The upper reflective surface of the living cubic prism 16 forming an optical surface deflects the beam in the auxiliary beam path 22 upwards, so that when the first optical system 12 is located in the main beam path 20 the beam J
1 enters the main beam path 20 guided by the binocular wi detector tube.

Furthermore, a third optical system 41 is provided on the opposite side of the support body 10 with respect to the second optical system 32. This third optical system 41 is likewise displaceably mounted on the dovetail-shaped guide ll, and when the first optical system 12 is moved out of the main beam path 20, the rod 42 and the actuating means 46 will be moved into the . This third optical system 41 can be a neutral color splitting mirror, a dark-field ring mirror, a gicroic mirror, an incident light polarizer or an analyzer, so that different observation methods can be carried out, in particular separate observation methods. guaranteed to change in a short time. However, it is easy to switch between the conoscope observation method, which requires the first optical system 12 to be placed within the main beam path 20, and the orthoscope observation method, which requires the optical system 12 to be placed outside the main beam path 20. It is.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of the device according to the invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the device shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an end view of the device shown in FIG. 12... First optical system, 16... Optical deflection element. 20...Main beam path, 22...Auxiliary beam path. 26...Bertrand lens. 32...Second optical system, 40...Iris diaphragm. 41...Third optical system. Applicant Lanny Reicheld Optissche Twerg AG Patent Attorney Kato Asami Procedural Amendment (voluntary) February 12, 1985 Commissioner of the Patent Office Manabu Shiga 1, Indication of Case 1988 Patent W4 No. No. 238681 (filed on November 14, 1982) 2. Title of the invention: Optical device for a microscope 3. Person making the amendment: Patent applicant's name: Lanny Reicheld Optische φtsu' Elke No. AG 4. Agent 5: Amendment order. Date of initiative 6, Number of inventions increased by amendment None 7, Amendment of drawings subject to amendment Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 8, Contents of amendment As attached (Qing, 乍Tewtkr'
(D Jb) Procedural amendment (method) July 75, 1985 Director General of the Patent Office Mr. Isuga Isho 1, Indication of the case Patent Application No. 238681 of 1982 (filed on November 14, 1980) 2. Title of the invention: Optical device for a microscope 3. Person making the correction: Patent applicant's name: Lanny Reicheld Optische Wuerke Kenage 4. Agent (shipped on April 2, 1985) 6.? Number of inventions increased by IIi positive No. 7, subject to amendment

Claims (9)

[Claims] (1) A main beam path in which the objective lens of the microscope and the observation tube are arranged, and an auxiliary beam path that can be selectively interposed between the objective lens of the microscope and the observation tube instead of a part of the main beam path; an optical deflection element that can be inserted into and taken out from the main beam path to select between the main beam path and the auxiliary beam path, and when the optical deflection element is inserted into the main optical beam path, the microscope The beam from the objective lens is laterally deflected into an auxiliary beam path, each of which has at least a first . It consists of a second and a third optical surface, the third optical surface deflecting the auxiliary beam path into the observation tube and having a Bertrand lens between the optical deflection element and the third optical surface and cooperating with this Bertrand lens. An optical device for a microscope that is equipped with a field-of-view limiting element. (2) The optical device according to claim 1, wherein the field-of-view limiting element is an iris diaphragm. (3) A Bertrand lens is provided between the optical deflection element and the first optical surface, and a field-of-view limiting element that cooperates with the Bertrand lens is provided between the second optical surface and the third optical surface. An optical device according to claim 1. (4) The first and second optical surfaces and the Bertrand lens are movable along the beam path to match different microscope objectives, and the position of the field-limiting element remains unchanged. optical equipment. (5) The optical deflection element for selecting the main beam path and the auxiliary beam path is inserted into the main beam path together with the third optical surface and is also drawn out from the main beam path. optical device. (6) When the optical deflection element for selecting the main beam path and the selected beam path is removed and the third optical surface is also removed, another optical element for a different observation method can be inserted into the main beam path. An optical device according to claim 5. (7) Microscope objective lens and microscope observation instead of part of the main beam path by an optical deflection element that can be inserted into and taken out of the main beam path to select the main beam path and the auxiliary beam path. A device for selectively interposing an auxiliary optical beam between the tube and the tube, which laterally deflects the beam from the objective lens of the microscope when the optical deflection element is inserted into the main optical beam path. the auxiliary beam path is configured to enter an auxiliary beam path, the auxiliary beam path comprising at least first, second and third optical surfaces each deflecting the beam, the third optical surface directing the auxiliary beam path into the observation tube. The apparatus includes an elongated support member removable adjacent to the main beam path between the microscope objective and the observation tube, an optical deflection element and a third optical deflection element.
a $1 optical system consisting of an optical surface and mounted on a support member in a direction transverse to the main beam path so as to be movable in and out of the main beam path;
a second optical system comprising a first and a second optical surface and mounted toward one end of the support member so as to be displaceable along the support member; and in a beam path between the optical deflection element and the first optical surface. a Bertrand lens displaceably mounted on the support member; and a fixed field-limiting element cooperating with the Bertrand lens mounted on the support member along the beam path between the second optical surface and the third optical surface. The second optical system and the Bertrand lens are driven simultaneously by two interconnected spindles of different lengths and pinches from a rotary knob provided at the end of the support member, and The device is provided with actuating means for displacing the first optical system at the other end. (8) at least one further optical element movable into the main beam path by actuating means when the first optical system attached to the other end of the support member is moved out of the main beam path; An apparatus according to claim 7. (9) The device according to claim 7, wherein the field-of-view limiting element comprises an iris diaphragm. (10) A first beam consisting of an optical deflection element and a third optical surface.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the optical system comprises a triangular prism.