JPS6025583B2 - Vibration control and soundproofing structures in structures such as bridges - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a vibration-damping and sound-insulating structure using vermiculite material, and is capable of suppressing vibrations and vibration noise of bridges, etc. caused by vehicles running on bridges, etc., and caused by the operation of machinery, etc. The purpose is to effectively reduce and muffle mechanical operating noise, building propagation noise, etc. by using the structure itself of bridges, machines, buildings, etc. A space is formed between the side surface and the bottom formed on the inside of the board, or a space is formed between the side surface and the bottom by providing an outer wall on the outside of the side surface, and the space is filled and fixed with a groove green material or a green mixture. This invention relates to vibration damping and soundproofing structures for structures such as bridges, machines, and buildings, which are characterized by being integrated into one structure.

The main causes of vibration and vibration noise generated from bridges, machinery, buildings, etc. are forced vibrations caused by vehicles running on bridges, machine operation, etc., and resonance vibrations between these and buildings. has become a major social pollution problem.

Even if we consider the materials and structures of bridges, elevated structures, vehicles, machines, buildings, etc., it is still difficult to stop such vibrations and vibration noises, and effective countermeasures are required.

Conventional measures to prevent such vibration and vibration noise include (1) laying rubber plates under track slabs and ballast (e.g. anti-vibration mats, ballast mats, anti-vibration slab tracks, etc.), ■ concrete slabs, etc. A method of damping vibration by attaching rubber plates around sleepers, girders of '3' iron bridges,
Method of pasting rubber mat layers, light blue mat layers, etc. on steel plates such as belly plates, substrates, covering plates, mechanical building members, and covering plates, '4' soundproof walls, shiyanoki walls, sound insulation boards, buffer Attempts have been made to create zones, but as vehicles move faster and are used more frequently, they have not been able to provide sufficient vibration and soundproofing effects to satisfy local residents and users. is the current situation.

In addition, when applying methods such as '3' above to existing bridges, it may be difficult to lathe by pasting, coating, or spraying on complex shapes, or the lathed vibration-damping and sound-insulating layer may be exposed. Since it is exposed to the wind and rain, there is a risk of aging and peeling, which is disadvantageous from the viewpoint of turning, safety, and vibration and sound insulation. In addition, even if the shape is easy to turn, there are risks during turning, restrictions on turning time, etc., and even turning is sometimes difficult. Furthermore, when elastomers such as rubbers and resins are used as vibration-damping and sound-insulating materials in these methods, there remains a problem in terms of physical properties in that the vibration-damping and sound-insulating properties vary within the practical temperature range.

In addition, foams such as resins are sometimes used as vibration-damping and sound-insulating materials, but since vibration-damping and sound-insulating materials made of foam have a reduced specific gravity, a sufficient bran control effect cannot be expected. . [Applying method 4 is uneconomical because it is economically expensive and not very effective. In order to develop a vibration-damping and sound-insulating structure that is economical, has excellent vibration-damping and sound-damping effects, and is durable, without the drawbacks of these methods, the present inventors developed a method using a viscoelastic material possessed by a roaring material or a mint mixture. We have conducted various experiments focusing on the excellent vibration damping and soundproofing effects and machinability of this material. That is, an outer wall covering the steel plate with a thickness of 4 is welded to one side, a space with a thickness of 12 willow is provided between the steel plate and the outer wall, and asphalt compound, asbestos, cork grains, rubber powder, etc. When a vibration damping test was carried out in the temperature range of 120 qo to 170 qo on a product injected and filled with a heated light blue mixture made by heating and mixing stone powder, sand, etc., it showed excellent results as shown in Figure 1. A vibration damping effect was obtained. In Figure 1, the vibration frequency is
Although the frequencies were changed to Z, IKHZ, and 500Hz, the same damping effect was shown at each frequency without depending on the vibration frequency. In addition, the practical temperature range normally experienced by bridges and machinery is 110:00 to 160:00. It was confirmed that there was no temperature dependence in the temperature range, and that the vibration damping and soundproofing effects were almost uniform. In addition, when a vibration test was conducted on a hollow concrete plate whose hollow space was filled with a transitional mixture, the results showed that compared to a hollow concrete plate that was not filled with a transgenic mixture and a concrete plate that did not have a hollow part of the same shape. It was found that it has remarkable vibration damping and sound insulation. Furthermore, a vibration test was conducted on a girder in which the belly plate of a type 1 steel girder was doubled, a space was provided between the two plates, and a mixture of blue and blue was injected into the space. It was found that there was no significant vibration damping effect compared to a girder without filling or a type 1 girder with the same type without double abdomen. Based on these findings, the present invention was completed by further conducting various studies. Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described.

In the present invention, the floor boards, girders, walls, soundproof boards, etc. of bridges, various members of machines, buildings, etc., and covering boards are as follows. Bridges, etc. refer to road bridges, railway bridges, elevated bridges, pedestrian bridges, etc., and structures that combine these. It also includes buildings and structures that are combined into an integrated structure at the bottom of an elevated structure. The floor slab is reinforced concrete floor slab, P
Includes C deck slabs, steel deck slabs, 1-beam rock deck slabs, and deck slabs that are a combination of these slabs. These floor slabs include floor slabs in which a hollow section is previously provided, and all floor slabs that are generally used for deck slabs such as bridges can be used. The digit is
A girder used in bridges, viaducts, etc. For example, type 1, H type, box type plate girder, RC or PC type 1
There are type girders, composite girders, etc. Walls and sound insulation boards refer to walls installed on both sides or in the middle of bridges, etc., and sound insulation boards installed above, on the sides, and below for the purpose of sound insulation and preventing objects from falling. For example, when crossing roads or houses on a railway bridge, shielding plates are installed below the tracks to prevent objects from falling. Various members of machines, buildings, etc., and covering plates as used in the present invention are as follows. Machinery refers to all kinds of machines that emit vibrations and noise because they have moving parts, including various mechanical devices such as vehicles and ships, as well as machine tools.
Various parts such as the main body and supporting part of these machines,
It is a covering plate. Buildings are buildings that generate vibrations and sounds,
A building or structure that has a structure or an object that emits vibration or sound attached to, covered with, or contained inside, and includes these structural members and covering plates. For example, pillars, beams, ceilings, walls, floors, doors, stairs, etc. By installing external walls on the inside or outside of the sides of deck slabs, girders, walls, sound insulating boards, machinery, buildings, etc. of bridges, etc., we provide the space necessary to achieve vibration damping and soundproofing effects. Installing means installing floor slabs such as bridges, girders, walls, sound insulation boards, machinery, various parts such as buildings, spaces originally formed inside the covering board, or partition walls, A space formed by means such as drilling holes, or a space formed by providing an outer wall on the outside of the side surface, and the shape, thickness, size, position, etc. of the space have a vibration damping and soundproofing effect. It means setting things up so that they can be used effectively.

This space is sealed at least at the sides and bottom to prevent the Mizoo mixture from flowing out when the roaring mixture is injected and filled. In the present invention, the asphalt which is the main material of the asphalt or oak mixture that is filled in the space includes straight asphalt, semi-prone asphalt, propane-degassed asphalt, blown asphalt,
Natural asphalt, tar, tar pitch, tall oil pitch, fatty acid pitch, heavy oil, heavy mineral oil, etc., one type or mixture of two or more of oak green substances, ban blue similar substances, and these light blue substances, rubber, thermoplastic polymers, etc. A modified bituminous material mixed with an elastomer such as a polymer is used.

The rubbers include natural rubber, isobrene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene block polymer rubber, and styrene. Isoprene rubber, block polymerized rubber of styrene/isoprene, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, EPT rubber, olefin rubber, nitrile rubber, etc. are used. In addition, thermoplastic polymers include ethylene/acid vinyl copolymer, ethylene/acrylate copolymer, polyethylene resin, amorphous polypropylene, polystyrene, styrene copolymer resin, styrene/acrylate copolymer resin, polybutadiene, Polyvinyl nitrate, vinyl chloride, highly acidic vinyl copolymer resin, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride 1
Den etc. are used. The above-mentioned thermoplastic materials or elastomer-modified elastomeric materials contain rodin or hydrogenated rodin and their derivatives, petroleum resins, or hydrogenated petroleum resins for the purpose of improving adhesion, compatibility, temperature sensitivity, portability, etc. Derivatives thereof, terbene resins, phenolic resins, coumaron resins, maleic acid resins, alkyd resins, plasticizers, key oils, animal and vegetable oils, synthetic drying oils, etc. may be used in combination. Furthermore, it is also effective to add a small amount of anti-peeling agent such as fatty amine or alicyclic amine in terms of improving adhesiveness and rust prevention. Fatty acids, resin acids, metal soaps, antioxidants, anti-aging agents, etc. can also be used in combination for purposes such as adhesion and anti-aging. When these roaring materials are used alone without being mixed with aggregates or fillers, it is necessary to select materials that have a high softening point, a low braking point, and excellent adhesive elasticity. When used alone, it is necessary to use a softening point having a softening point of at least 80 oo or higher, preferably 9000 oo or higher. These light blue materials can be heated and melted into a liquid state, which is injected into a space and then cooled to solidify, thereby filling the space and integrating it. The Tosei mixture in the present invention is a mixture of the above-mentioned bonito greens, Honemura, and fillers (including various fillers).

Usually a heated mixture is used. Aggregates and fillers are gravel,
Crushed stone, crushed stone, slabs, sand, screenings, mountain sand, iron sand, anchor sand, foundry sand, metal grains, metal foil, metal powder, artificial aggregate, perlite, mesalite, shirasu, glass beads, shirasu balloons, bricks, Powder such as slate, limestone powder, talc, clay, cinnabara, bentonite, acid white,
Zeolite, clay, glass powder, cinnabar sand powder, other stone powder,
Gypsum, cement, carbon, soot, coal powder, pigment dyes,
Rock wool, asbestos, glass fiber,... Natural fibers such as carbon fiber, metal fiber, cotton, linen, cow's wool, wool, paper, silk, human silk, organic synthetic fibers, cork grains, thick powder, sawdust, powdered rubber, plastic and foamed plastic powder, etc. . One or a mixture of two or more of these may be used. Generally, a roaring mixture is a heated mixture of blown asphalt or asphalt reinforced with rubber or synthetic polymer, asbestos, glass fiber, cork powder, powdered rubber, wood flour, talc, sand, etc. Use the one you made. Comparing the vibration damping and soundproofing effects of the roaring material and the clear blue mixture, the light blue mixture is generally far superior. The effect of fillers such as aggregate and fillers in the mixture is that heavy bones and fillers have a remarkable effect on improving the vibration damping effect. On the other hand, fibers, rubber powder, cork powder, wood flour, sawdust, etc. are highly effective in improving the flexibility, heat resistance, cold resistance, elasticity, and temperature sensitivity of the green mixture. Thus, the embossing mixture of the present invention can be used in combination with various aggregates and fillers. Regarding Tou-seimono, which is the main material of Mizo-Aomono or Kei-Aoki mixture, it improves adhesion and prevents softening and flow at high temperatures in summer, brittleness at low temperatures in winter, and decrease in adhesion.
Good results have been obtained by using noise materials modified with rubber or high molecular weight polymers. The green mixture of the present invention also includes the following cold-processed blue-green mixtures, namely, a roaring emulsion (for example, asphalt emulsion) obtained by emulsifying the above-mentioned bituminous material with an emulsifier, or a roaring emulsion (for example, an asphalt emulsion) obtained by emulsifying the above-mentioned bituminous material with a solvent. In addition, there is a mixture of cut-back ribbon material (for example, cut-back asphalt), aggregate, and fillers.

Furthermore, these bituminous emulsions and cutback beard greens are mixed with synthetic resin emulsions, rubber latex, and the like. The above-mentioned roaring material or light-blue mixture can be used to suppress noise and provide soundproofing effects by installing an outer wall on the inside or outside of the side of the deck slab, girder, armrest, sound insulation board of a bridge, etc., and members of machinery, buildings, and covering boards. It forms the space necessary to achieve this, and this space is filled.

Filling methods include heating and liquefying Hina'sei material or Hyasei mixture, cooling it and solidifying it, and filling it in one piece, or filling the space with a pre-formed Roan's material or Hizai mixture. The remaining space is filled by pouring a heated bituminous material or a bituminous mixture, or by pouring and filling the remaining space with a bittening mixture, and then bonding them together.
In addition, when using a cold process type of tortoise material or a tortoise mixture, there are two methods: pouring it in and filling it up and solidifying it, and inserting it as a molded product in advance and gluing it. In addition, any method can be used to bond a pre-molded product made of a light blue material or a light blue mixture as long as it integrates the molded product with a part that requires a vibration-damping and sound-insulating structure. A commonly used method is to use an adhesive, such as a two-component epoxin resin to adhere the molded product, or a method in which the molded product is placed in a space in advance and then heated or heated. There is a method of melting a molded product of a roaring product or a roaring mixture by heating, and integrating the molded product by self-adhesive force. The effects of the vibration damping and soundproofing structure of the present invention are as follows. Taking bridges, viaducts, etc. as an example, when a vehicle runs on it, the vibrations and vibration noise that occur between the vehicle and the bridge, viaduct, etc. are caused by the floor slabs, girders, belly plates, walls, and sound insulation boards. When transmitted to shielding plates, etc., it is quickly absorbed and dispersed by the light blue material or light blue mixture that fills and connects the space formed inside the shield plate or the space formed between the side surface and the outer wall. It decays and disappears.

Therefore, resonance, resonance, etc. are also effectively prevented. In particular, according to the structure of the present invention, the generation of vibration and sound is significantly reduced because the structure suppresses and noise-dampens noise at a position close to the source of zero vibration and vibration sound generated from vehicles traveling on bridges, viaducts, etc. This is the most effective vibration damping and soundproofing effect. The structure of the present invention makes use of the existing structure, and allows easy injection and filling of the oak blue material or the oak blue mixture into the space formed inside the structure and the space formed by providing an outer wall on the outside of the side surface. Vibration damping and soundproofing effects can be achieved through various methods, and the thickness, shape, size, etc. of the space can be changed, so the thickness can be increased depending on the degree of importance. In particular, the ability to thicken the layer of light blue material or light blue mixture can provide significant vibration damping and soundproofing effects. For example, when the roar material or the light blue mixture of the present invention is used as a vibration damping and sound insulating material for a steel plate, the thickness necessary to exhibit its vibration damping and sound insulating effect is determined using the loss coefficient and the elastic modulus as parameters. When calculated from a theoretical formula, if the ratio of the thickness of the roaring material or lighting mixture/thickness of the steel plate is 1/1, the loss coefficient is 0.1, if it is 2/1, it is 0.4, and if it is 3/1. If it is 0.7, 10/1, it will be 1.0, and if the thickness of the bituminous blue material or the yellow blue mixture is one tone or more of the thickness of the steel plate, the soundproofing effect of the gray blue mixture will be 100%. can do. The structure of the present invention can be used in a wide practical temperature range, for example, from high to low temperatures of 1 ioq to +60 qo, as well as in the frequency range of vibrations and vibration sounds that occur in practical use, due to the vibration damping and sound insulating effect of the mixture. There is no temperature dependence or frequency dependence, and it is possible to exhibit an almost constant and uniformly remarkable vibration damping and soundproofing effect. The vibration damping and sound insulating structure of the present invention is provided inside a bag-shaped space in which a roaring object or a roaring noise mixture is formed, and is coupled to the vibration damping and sound insulating structure without being exposed to the outside. Since it is built-in, it is not exposed to wind and rain and can prevent aging, and there is no need to worry about peeling or falling off, so this vibration-damping and sound-insulating structure can be maintained semi-permanently just like a structure. This has the effect of making it possible.

Moreover, this vibration-damping and sound-insulating structure is made by integrally filling and fixing a blue-green material or a blue-green mixture into a bag-shaped space formed by an outer wall, etc., and there is a risk that the filled phosphorescent material or noise mixture may damage the appearance. It also has the effect of preserving the aesthetic appearance of buildings. Furthermore, the vibration damping and soundproofing structure of the present invention can be achieved by filling and fixing a bag-shaped space formed by providing an outer wall on the outside of the side surface of the structure with a tortoise material or a tortoise mixture, or by interposing it integrally. Since it is a molded structure, the thickness of the vibration damping structure can be adjusted appropriately according to the setting conditions of the outer wall, and the can structure can be freely adjusted according to the lathe location and vibration damping and sound insulation conditions. It also has an effect that can be effectively created.

The structure of the present invention is simple, saves labor in implementation, and has the advantage that turning can be done easily and in a short time even without advanced technology.

Furthermore, the bitumen and oak blue mixtures have excellent waterproof and corrosion-resistant properties, increasing the durability of structures. The combined effect also contributes to improved strength. Although we have taken the example of action and effect from a bridge, the same can be said about machinery, buildings, etc.

The vibration-damping and sound-insulating structure of the present invention is particularly effective when applied to road bridges, railway bridges, elevated bridges, pedestrian bridges, and other railway bridges and expressway bridges on which high-speed vehicles run. In addition, belt covers for vehicles and machinery, covering plates for press machines, machine tools, office equipment, etc.
It is effective as a vibration-proofing and soundproofing structure for the roofs, ceilings, floors, walls, doors, stairs, and other architectural structures of buildings where vibrations and vibration noises are generated, and where sound propagates. Next, the present invention will be explained according to illustrated embodiments.

Throughout the figures, reference numeral 1 indicates each structure, and 2 indicates a space provided inside or on the side of the structure 1. 3 is a light-filled or blue-blue mixture, and the space part 2
The space 2 is filled with an injection port 4 for filling.

The structure 1 shown in FIG. 2 is a reinforced concrete structure of a viaduct, and consists of a hollow slab girder 20 and a wall body 21.

The space 2 of the hollow slab girder 20 utilizes the hollow part originally provided as the hollow slab girder 20 as it is, and the injection port 4 leading to the outside is appropriately closed. Also, wall 2
The first space 2 is provided when the wall 21 is formed. Then, a heated turquoise mixture 3 made by adding asphalt, cork grains, rubber powder, stone powder, sand, etc. to the asphalt compound and heating and mixing is injected into the space 2 through each injection port 4, 4... By adhering and solidifying it to the inner wall surface thereof, the vibration-damping and sound-insulating structure of the present invention was obtained. In addition, in such a structure 1, the mustard blue mixture 3 to be filled and solidified is formed in advance as a molded product in a shape to be filled, and this is buried integrally when the structure 1 is manufactured. You can also. The structure 1 shown in FIG. 3 is a box-shaped girder made of steel, and a partition wall 32 is fixed to the side plate 30 using fasteners such as bolts and nuts 31 with an appropriate gap. By doing so, a space 2 is formed, and the entrance part above it is used as an injection port 4.

Then, by heating and melting the torturous material made of straight asphalt, blown asphalt, and propane declarified asphalt, and filling the molten tormentous material 3 into the space 2 through the injection port 4 and solidifying it integrally, the method of the present invention is achieved. A vibration-damping and sound-insulating structure can be obtained. The structure 1 shown in FIG. 4 is a double wave girder made of steel, and utilizes the space 2 formed between the left and right side plates 40, 40, and closes the injection port 4 leading to the space 2 in the upper plate 41. do.

First, an asphalt primer 42 is applied to the inner wall surface of the space 2, and then the space 2 is filled with an elastomer-containing ribbon mixture 3 made of straight asphalt, styrene butadiene rubber, and glass fibers, and then integrated. By solidifying, the vibration-damping and sound-insulating structure of the present invention is obtained.
The structure 1 shown in FIG. 5 is a plate garter made of steel, and the lower part of the outer wall 51 of the base plate 5 is welded 52, and the upper part is fixed with vertical fittings such as bolts and nuts 53 to make the plate garter 1. A space 2 is formed on the side surface of the holder.

The space 2 may be formed on one side or both sides of the plate garter 1. The injection port 4 may be closed as a notch in the upper part of the outer wall 51. Then, the asphalt compound 3 is heated and melted, injected into the space 2 through the injection port 4, and solidified to be integrated with the plate garter 1, thereby obtaining the vibration-damping and sound-insulating structure of the present invention. Construct 1 shown in Figure 6
is a track rail in which a gutter-shaped outer wall 62 is fixed between a rail body 60 and sleepers 61 to form a space 2 on the side of the rail body 60.

From the injection port 4 opened above, a mixture 3 consisting of straight asphalt, cat blown asphalt, asbestos, and sand is heated and melted and filled into the space 2 and solidified to be integrated. structure is obtained. The structure 1 shown in FIG. 7 is a steel wall body having a honeycomb structure of a building, and a large number of spaces 2, 2, . . . formed by the honeycomb structure are covered with semi-prone asphalt, The vibration-damping and sound-insulating structure of the present invention can be obtained by pouring a heated turquoise mixture 3 made of asbestos, lightweight aggregate, and stone powder and solidifying it integrally.

The structure 1 shown in FIG. 8 is a cover for a belt transmission device, and has a double structure with an outer wall 81 provided on the outside of a cover main body 80 to form a space 2, which is filled with heated and melted asphalt compound 3. The vibration damping and sound insulating structure of the present invention can be obtained by solidifying them together.

The structure 1 shown in FIG. 9 is a steel door of a building, and utilizes the space 2 formed between the front plate 90 and the back plate 91. After applying an asphalt primer 92 to the inside of the plate, a front plate 90 and a back plate are placed in the center with a plate-shaped molded product made of a roaring mixture 3 made of blown asphalt, lightweight aggregate, glass fiber, iron sand, and screenings. 91 and crimped with vertical shells such as bolts and nuts, and then left in a constant temperature room at a temperature of about 80 qo for 1 hour, the fish that is tightly sandwiched between the front and back plates 90 and 91 is removed. The surfaces of the blue mixture molded product were heated and melted through the front and back plates 90 and 91, and their self-adhesive force was used to integrate them, thereby obtaining the vibration damping and soundproofing structure of the present invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figures show examples of the vibration damping and soundproofing structure according to the present invention. Figure 3 is a vertical sectional front view of a steel box girder, Figure 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a steel double wave girder, and Figure 5 is a partially cutaway view of a steel plate garter. Perspective view,
Fig. 6 is a vertical front view of the track rail, Fig. 7 is a perspective view with a part of the steel wall cut away, Fig. 8 is a longitudinal side view of the belt transmission cover, and Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of the track rail. FIG. 3 is a vertical side view of a steel door. The symbols in the figure are explained as follows. 1 is the structure, 2 is the space, 3 is the oak green material or the bonito green mixture, 4 is the injection port, and 51, 62, and 81 are the outer walls. Figure 2 Figure 1 Figure 3 Figure 9 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A space formed on the inner side of a member of a bridge, machine, building, etc., whose side and bottom sides are closed, is filled with a bituminous material or a bituminous mixture and fixed together. Features vibration damping and soundproofing structures for structures such as bridges. 2. A part of a bridge, machine, building, etc., where an outer wall is provided on the outside of the side surface of the cover plate to form a closed space between the side surface and the lower part,
A vibration-damping and sound-insulating structure for a structure such as a bridge, characterized in that the space is filled with a bituminous material or a bituminous mixture and fixed together.