JPS60246804A - Heat-proof clothings - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] <Industrial application field> The present invention relates to heat protection clothing.

<Conventional technology> During the summer or in tropical regions, when the sun is strong and the radiant heat from the sun is strong, if you are naked without clothes on, you will be exposed to strong radiant heat and your body temperature will rise. As a result, blood flow increases and internal energy is lost due to sweating, and when naked, the body is exposed to strong ultraviolet rays from the sun, causing skin problems such as sunburn. Clothes are worn to protect the skin from radiant heat from the sun or from ultraviolet rays, and white clothing is better at reflecting radiant heat and ultraviolet rays. However, although clothing made of white thread is superior in reflecting radiant heat, it is only slightly better than clothing made of black thread, and most of the radiant heat from the sun is absorbed or transmitted, resulting in an increase in body temperature. It is unavoidable and cannot be called heat protection clothing.

Examples of insulating clothing include spacesuits that reflect the radiant heat of the sun, and firefighting suits that serve as insulating clothing in the event of a fire. However, these clothes are heat insulating clothes, and although they have a reflective effect against intense radiant heat, they are not effective in terms of heat protection in natural conditions. According to the studies of the present inventors, this is because these clothes do not have moisture permeability, and the humidity inside the clothes increases when worn, but the moisture remains inside the clothes and no heat dissipation effect can be expected due to sweating. This is because sweating increases as a result. Therefore, spacesuits, firefighting suits, etc. not only feel stuffy but also cause significant physical exhaustion, making them unsuitable as clothing to protect from the heat in natural conditions such as summer.

Therefore, it is no exaggeration to say that there are currently no clothes that have a heat protection function that are used on a daily basis. Therefore, the present inventors conducted intensive research on the heat protection mechanism in clothing, and
Although it is important for heat-proof clothing to reflect solar radiation, it is also necessary to have ventilation, that is, the ability to allow even the slightest amount of wind to pass through, and have arrived at the present invention.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> The present invention has both the property of reflecting radiant heat from the sun and the property of allowing even the slightest breeze to pass through, thereby achieving a heat protection function. The purpose is to provide heat protection clothing.

<Means to Solve the Problems> An object of the present invention is to provide a heat protection garment in which at least 50 inches or more of the surface area of the garment is made of a sheet-like material having a reflectance of 04 or more, This is achieved by a heat-protecting garment characterized in that at least a 20-inch portion has a ventilation rate of 30 inches or more.

The heat protection clothing of the present invention may be made of a sheet-like material having a reflectance of 0.4 or more for 100 parts of the surface area of the clothing as long as it satisfies the above-mentioned ventilation rate conditions. Further, when the sheet-like material having a reflectance of 0.4 coefficient or more does not fill 100 layers, any web-like material can be used as the remaining portion.

If clothing is made using only sheet-like materials with a reflectance of 04 or higher that have no areas with ventilation rates of 30 or higher, most of the sun's radiant heat will be reflected, but the breathability of the clothing will be impaired and the humidity within the clothing will increase. Insensible evaporation and sweat on the skin surface are not dissipated,
There is no heat dissipation effect due to heat of vaporization, and it is not possible to actively dissipate heat, which is a feature of the present invention. Therefore, it is necessary to provide at least 20 inches or more of the surface area of the heat protection clothing with a portion having a ventilation rate of 30 inches or more.

Further, the higher the ventilation rate, the more sufficient the heat dissipation effect can be obtained. Features of the present invention are that when the ventilation rate is lower than 301 for heat protection clothing, the amount of moisture-containing air inside the clothing exchanged with outside air is extremely small, and the humidity inside the clothing is high. It is not possible to actively dissipate heat. Therefore, it is more preferable for clothing to have a ventilation rate of 30 inches or more, more preferably 50 inches or more.

Hereinafter, the specific structure of the heat protection clothing of the present invention will be explained step by step.

In the present invention, the sheet-like material with a reflectance of 0.4 or more is a material in which a thin metal layer is laminated on a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric, a film, etc., or a thread-like material in which a metal is laminated. The reflectance of these sheet-like materials is 0.4 or more, preferably 0.7 or more. If the reflectance is less than 0.4, the reflection of the sun's radiant heat will be reduced, and the radiant heat will have a large effect on the human body, making it impossible to avoid an increase in body temperature.

The following methods are available for laminating a thin metal layer on a knitted fabric, woven fabric, nonwoven fabric, or film.

(a) A method of coating knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, films, etc. with polymers containing fine metal particles.

(b) A method of laminating metal onto knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, non-woven fabrics, films, etc. by a vacuum deposition method or a sp/'P/talling process method, and a method of using a transfer method in combination with this method.

Specific examples of method (a) include knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics,
The film is coated with a polymer containing 5 to 70 wt % of metal fine particles of 3 to 30 μ in thickness to a thickness of 5 to 30 μ. In the case of hard coating, the higher the content of metal fine particles, the higher the reflectance, but as the content increases, the film formability during coating deteriorates, and a uniform film is formed, resulting in K<. Therefore, the content of metal fine particles is 5 to 7 Owt, preferably 10 to 3 Owt.
0 wtqb.

Furthermore, during coating, the polymer containing fine metal particles may penetrate into the base fabric of knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, and nonwoven fabrics, resulting in a hardening of the texture and a decrease in tear strength. In such cases, the base fabric should be coated with only a thin layer of polymer in advance, treated with water repellent treatment to prevent the polymer containing fine metal particles from penetrating, or release paper containing fine metal particles. A polymer is coated, an adhesive is coated on top of the polymer after dry coagulation, and when the adhesive is about half dry, a base fabric is laminated and hot pressed.

Specific examples of method (b) include knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics,
Metal is laminated directly onto the film to a film thickness of 200 to 5000× by vacuum evaporation method or straddle snoring process. At this time, it is preferable to use a material that contains as little moisture as possible, and a material that has a structure that does not stretch as much as possible. Materials that contain a lot of moisture can cause outgassing problems, making it impossible to deposit uniform thin metal layers. Furthermore, those with a structure that has a large elongation are likely to cause curls and lamination irregularities during the process of laminating thin metal layers.

In addition, instead of directly laminating a thin metal layer on a knitted fabric, woven fabric, or non-woven fabric, it is possible to coat the knitted fabric, woven fabric, or non-woven fabric with a polymer in advance to form a film, and then process the thin metal layer lamination process, or to apply a thin metal layer to the supporting layer first. Knitted fabrics and woven fabrics can be obtained by laminating thin layers and then transferring only the thin metal layer onto knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, and non-woven fabrics using an adhesive.

Forming a thin metal layer directly on a nonwoven fabric also makes it easy to obtain a sheet-like material with high reflectance. With this method of transferring a thin metal layer, it is possible to easily laminate a uniform thin metal layer even if the base fabric is made of a material that contains a lot of water or has a large elongation. Further, in a sheet-like article in which thin metal layers are laminated by the above-described method, the thin metal layers are exposed and have no durability, and may fall off due to wear or washing, for example. In such cases, it is possible to coat the thin metal layer with a polymer, dip a sheet-like material in the polymer and squeeze it, and coat the entire surface with a thin layer of polymer, or in the transfer method, coat the polymer on the support layer in advance. A layer is formed and a thin metal layer is laminated on top of the layer.
By transferring the metal thin layer and polymer layer to the base fabric, a protective film of the metal thin layer can be created. In addition, when forming a polymer layer on these metal thin layers, if the thickness of the polymer layer is too thick, the reflectance tends to decrease, so the thickness of the polymer layer is preferably in the range of 5 to 30 μm. .

Knitting and woven fabrics are made using filamentous materials laminated with metal.

The sheet-like material made into a non-woven fabric can be produced by cutting the sheet-like material obtained as described above into threads, or by laminating metal directly on the threads.

Regarding the knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, and films mentioned here, there are no particular limitations on the nine textures of the materials used, the thickness density, etc.

However, when it comes to fiber materials, fibers with excellent water absorption, such as natural fibers such as cotton and wool, regenerated fibers such as cupro and rayon, or semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate, etc.
Alternatively, if you use synthetic fibers that have water-absorbing properties such as L-shaped or C-shaped cross sections, or those that have been treated with water-absorbing treatment, they will absorb insensible waste and sweat from the body, making them suitable for summer clothing. There is.

Regarding polymers, polyurethane polymers, polyacrylic polymers, I-lyamide polymers, polyester polymers, polyethylene polymers, polypropylene polymers, polyvinyl chloride polymers, polyvinylidene chloride polymers,
50 vt of one or more types of polyfluorine polymers, etc.
% or more.

In addition, when laminating a thin metal layer to a knitted fabric, woven fabric, nonwoven fabric, or film, the thin metal layer is first laminated to the support layer, and then an adhesive is used to transfer the thin metal layer. Although not particularly limited, for example, polyurethane,
In addition to rubber-based and solvent-based resins, low-melting point resins such as low-melting point polyamide resins and low-melting point polyester resins are used. As an example of the bonding method, when using a solvent-based adhesive, coat the thin metal layer side of the laminate with the thin metal layer on the support layer and immediately heat press it with the fabric, or One method is to let the agent dry a little and then heat press it with the fabric. In addition, when using a low melting point resin, the low melting point resin is sprinkled on the fabric in dots, and the laminate of the support layer and metal thin layer is bonded to the fabric by heat pressing, or a film of the low melting point resin is manufactured. However, there is a method in which this film is used to heat-press and adhere a thin metal layer laminated on a support layer to a fabric.

Further, the metal is a metal having excellent heat ray reflection properties, such as aluminum, silver, gold, titanium, magnesium, nickel, etc., but aluminum is preferred because it is cheap and easy to stack.

In the heat protection clothing of the present invention, the sheet-like material with a reflectance of 0.4 or more constitutes at least 50 parts of the clothing surface area,
The sheet-like material with a reflectance of 0.4 or more accounts for 509% of the clothing surface area.
If the number is less than 1+, the reflectivity of the sun's radiant heat will be poor, and the radiant heat will have a large effect on the human body, making an increase in body temperature unavoidable. Therefore, it is preferable that the sheet-like material has a reflectance of 0.4 or more and has a reflectance of 501 or more, more preferably 60 or more. Further, it is preferable that the sheet-like material having a reflectance of 0.4 or more is configured so as to occupy the upper part of the clothing, for example, the chest, upper back,
Placing it mainly on the upper arms and shoulders has a high effect of reflecting radiant heat.

In the heat protection clothing of the present invention, the web-like material used for the parts other than the sheet-like material having a reflectance of 04 or more may be any material used for clothing. i.e. knitting and woven fabrics.

Non-woven fabrics, films, etc. can be used.The heat protection clothing of the present invention has one requirement that at least a 20 inch portion of its surface area has a ventilation rate of 30 inches or more. To meet this requirement, at least 20% of the surface area of heat protection clothing must be
The portion may be made of a fabric with ventilation such as knitted fabric, woven fabric, or non-woven fabric, or a sheet-like material having a reflectance of 0.4 or more may be perforated to provide ventilation. knitting.

In order to obtain an air permeability of 30 cm or more with woven or nonwoven fabrics, the density should be as low as possible. From this point of view, it is more preferable to use a thin tricot knitted fabric. In addition, in order to provide a sheet-like material with a reflectance of 0.4 or more with an air permeability of 30 or more, in addition to the above-mentioned perforation process in which holes are formed by a punching method, for example, a thin metal layer is added to the fabric with an air permeability of 30 or more. It is possible to use a method of laminating layers by vacuum evaporation or the like. In this case, in order to make the thin metal layer durable, it is preferable to form a film on the thin metal layer by moistening or coating it with an extremely thin polymer solution so as not to impair ventilation.

The shape of the punched out material by the punching method may be any shape, for example, a round shape, mainly from the viewpoint of design.

A star shape, diamond shape, triangle, etc. may be selected and used.

Note that ventilation can also be provided by taking into account the design of the garment and cutting out parts of the garment. In this case, preferably part of the upper shoulder.

All you have to do is design a garment that removes parts such as the armpits and under the sleeves.

<Examples> Next, several examples of the heat protection clothing according to the present invention will be described in detail below. The definitions and measurement methods of the characteristics described in this specification are shown below.

◎Reflectance Measured on a clear day using a reflectance meter manufactured by Showa Denko K.K. In other words, sunlight is applied to the sample at an incident angle of 25°, the reflected energy and the energy of the incident sunlight are detected by a thermocouple (differential thermocouple), and the reflectance is calculated using the following formula. .

◎Ventilation rate Diameter 55mm, length 50mm (diameter 5mm at one end of the wind tunnel
Attach a 0wM fan and place the sample 300+m from the fan. Next, turn on the fan, and when the sample is installed, blow the sample (1 hour wind speed is set to 5 m/sea, and blow the sample once).Measure the wind speed. Measure the ventilation rate using the following formula.

◎Surface area Calculated from the weight of each piece of clothing and the fabric weight of 2 turns of each piece.

◎Temperature and humidity inside clothes: Outside temperature 29-32 degrees Celsius, humidity 40-60 degrees RH, wind speed 0.
5-1.0 m/s.e. Wearing a round long-sleeved blouson, sit on a chair in a place that receives sunlight around noon.
I sat down for 0 minutes. Under the blouson is a cotton shirt, and under the jacket are cotton briefs and cotton pants? A temperature and humidity sensor is inserted between the blouson and the cotton shirt to measure the temperature and humidity inside the clothes, and the results are shown as an average over 20 minutes.

◎ Wearing feeling O Example 1 shown by the feeling of wearing when measuring the temperature and humidity inside the clothes,
2.3 and 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 Four types of heat protection clothing (Examples 1.2.3 and 4) were made under the following conditions, respectively. was coated and dry solidified. The film thickness was 10 μm, and the release paper was put into a vacuum deposition machine, and aluminum was laminated to a thickness of 500×. This laminate was coated with an Iso 1/tan adhesive, and after semi-drying, it was hot-pressed and adhered to a smooth knitted fabric of 50% ester and 50% cotton. This fabric has an air permeability of 0, and then the fabric 1 has a diameter of 1.5 mm as shown in Figure 1.
The holes 2 with a diameter of 2 cm were uniformly scattered so as to occupy 20 inches of the fabric. A round long-sleeved blouson as shown in Figure 1 was sewn using this perforated fabric.

○Manufacturing conditions for heat protection clothing in Example 2 Fabric 1 with a ventilation rate of 0 and a reflectance of 07 manufactured in Example 1
and cucilla tricot (half tissue) with ventilation rate of 60 cm 3
and were sewn alternately into strips as shown in FIG. At this time, the width of the sheet-like material with a reflectance of 0.7 was 5 cm, and the width of the polyester tricot was 2.5 cm. Using this fabric, a round long-sleeve blouson as shown in Figure 2, in which the fabric with a reflectance of 0.7 occupies 70 inches of the garment's surface area, was sewn.

O Manufacturing conditions for heat protection clothing in Example 3 Aluminum particles with a particle size of 10 μm were added to a polyurethane solution.
0 wt 9g was mixed and coated on release paper to a film thickness of 15μ. Next, the acrylic 50 and Kyupra 5 (l blend) were adhered smoothly using a polyurethane adhesive, and the release paper was peeled off.The reflectance of this sheet-like material was 0.5, and this sheet-like material was Using a 55cm acrylic 50% cupro 50% blend cotton jersey, I focused on the upper chest, upper back, and upper sleeves of the garment, and used sheet-like material 1 with a reflectance of 0.5 on the side chest.

The lower part and lower back mainly use fabric 3 with a ventilation rate of 55 cm.
A round long-sleeve blouson as shown in Figure 3 was sewn using a sheet-like material with a reflectance of 0.5 that occupied 65 inches of the surface area of the garment.

○ Manufacturing conditions for heat protection clothing in Example 4 Aluminum was laminated to a film thickness of 400× on a polyester smooth knitted fabric by vacuum evaporation. The reflectance of this sheet-like material was 0.6, and the ventilation rate was 40 or more. Using this, a round long-sleeve blouson with openings and having the same dimensions as in Example 1 was sewn.

Two types of comparative examples were also prepared; Comparative Example 1 was a white long-sleeved cotton blouson, and Comparative Example 2 was a nylon taffeta fabric coated with polyurethane and sewn into a round, long-sleeved blouson.

The reflectance of the sheet-like material constituting the clothing, the ventilation rate of the breathable fabric part of the clothing, the temperature and humidity inside the clothing, and the feeling of wearing were measured for the clothing of each example and comparative example, and the results are shown in Table 1. show.

As shown in Table 1 below, in Comparative Example 1, the fabric is breathable and does not feel stuffy, but it absorbs radiant heat, raising the body temperature and therefore increasing the temperature inside the garment. In Comparative Example 2, the reflectance was low and there was no ventilation, so the temperature and humidity inside the clothes were high, making it very uncomfortable. On the other hand, in the heat protection clothing of the present invention, the temperature and humidity inside the clothing is low,
Therefore, it was cool and comfortable when worn. Example 5 Heat-resistant clothing with the structure shown in Example 1 had a different reflectance by changing the thickness of the polymer layer, and a fabric with a reflectance of 0.4 or more. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of sewing products with different proportions of the area occupied.

Hereinafter, gold [5] As shown in Table 2, when the reflectance is lower than 0.4, radiant heat cannot be reflected sufficiently and the temperature inside the clothes increases. Moreover, if the area occupied by the fabric with a reflectance of 0.4 or more is smaller than 50 inches, it will be uncomfortable. Therefore, it has been proven that it is necessary for the fabric with a reflectance of 0.4 or more to occupy 50 inches or more of the surface area of the garment.
In addition to Chi's Kyushira tricot, the material was made by alternately sewing fabrics with different ventilation rates and fabrics with a reflectance of 0.7, and a blouson with round long sleeves was sewn and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 3.

As shown in Table 3, the ventilation rate is less than 301. As it gets warmer, the feeling of stuffiness increases. Therefore, it was proven that the ventilation rate was required to be 30 inches or more.

<Effects of the Invention> Since the heat protection clothing of the present invention is configured as described above,
The radiant heat of the sun is reflected by the reflective layer on the surface of the clothing, and the radiant heat has almost no effect on the human body. In addition, since there are ventilated parts, if there is even a slight breeze, the outside air will enter the clothes, and the air inside the clothes will replace the outside air.

At this time, the air inside the clothes contains a large amount of moisture due to insensitivity or sweating from the skin surface, but since this air is replaced with the outside air, insensitivity and sweating from the skin surface are not prevented. In other words, heat of vaporization is efficiently removed from the human body at the skin surface, so heat radiation actively progresses. This effect is also due to the fact that even when there is no wind, the air inside the clothes is warmed by the human body's body temperature and a slight convection is constantly occurring, and this convection causes the flow of air to interact with the outside air. Promote air exchange. Therefore, the heat protection clothing of the present invention can actively dissipate heat not only in windy conditions but also in no wind, and as described above, reflects the radiant heat of the sun, so it can exhibit excellent heat protection functions.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a heat protection garment of the present invention in which a reflective sheet-like material is provided with apertures. FIGS. 2 and 3 are front views of the heat protection clothing of the present invention, illustrating a combination of a reflective sheet-like material and a breathable fabric. 1... Sheet-like material having reflective properties, 2... Openings, 3... Fabric having ventilation properties. Patent applicant: Asahi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd. Patent agent: Akira Aoki, patent attorney: Kazuyuki Nishidate, patent attorney: Akira Yamaguchi, patent attorney: Masaya Nishiyama Figure 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. At least a part of the clothing surface area with a coefficient of 50 or more has a reflectance of 0
．． 1. A heat-proof garment made of four or more sheet-like materials, characterized in that at least 20% of the surface area of the heat-proof garment has a ventilation rate of 30 inches or more.