JPS60244943A - Lens for stereoscopic display - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform stereoscopic observation over a wide range by adhering the flat back surface of transparent glass formed by arranging unit lens groups whose each unit has a transparent plane part and a concave lens part alternately so that the plane part varies in size successively. CONSTITUTION:A lens body 1 is constituted by adhering the flat back surfaces of two lens bodies 2 and 3. Lens groups 7 consisting of parallel plane parts 6 and concave lens parts 5a are formed on the surfaces (upper and lower sides in figure) of the two lens bodies 2 and 3, and the plane parts 6 of each lens group 7 varies in width successively. Consequently, many people can observe a body behind the lens 1 stereoscopically. The same effect is obtained even when the lens body 3 uses a series body of concave lens body 8.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a stereoscopic display lens for stereoscopically displaying a planar image.

(Conventional technology) Up until now, two-dimensional images have been created to create a stereoscopic view of a two-dimensional image, with the viewing angles being different to the same degree as the left and right eyes of a person, and these images can be viewed separately with both eyes to create a three-dimensional effect. However, such a method required two different planar images, and it was impossible to obtain stereoscopic viewing from a single planar image.

Recently, stereoscopic images based on the lenticular method are often used to display stereoscopic images using a single planar image.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, this type of stereo image using the lenticular method uses a continuous array of fine lenticular shaped lenses, so the viewing position is far and near,
When moving left and right, there are positions where the same pixel is visible and positions where it is not, making it difficult for many people to repeatedly observe the same pixel over a wide area with stereoscopic vision.In addition, curved and slanted parts of the image are jagged and distorted. It gives rise to Furthermore, since the lenses are minute, it is extremely difficult to manufacture molds for manufacturing them, which not only hinders cost reduction, but also makes it difficult to obtain molds for large screens.

The present invention has been made with attention to these points, and it is possible to continuously observe the same image stereoscopically over a wide area by a large number of people, it can be easily obtained for large screens, and it is possible to easily observe the same image over a wide area. The objective is to provide a lens for stereoscopic display at low cost that does not cause image disturbance.

(Means and actions for solving problems) For that purpose,
In the present invention, unit lens groups are continuously arranged on at least one surface of a lens body made of a transparent flat plate, in which concave lens parts and flat parts are arranged alternately, and the size of the flat parts gradually changes. This creates a three-dimensional display lens, and the difference in viewing angle between the left and right eyes when viewing a single flat image creates a difference in the images reflected on the retinas of the left and right eyes, creating a three-dimensional effect. Even if the viewing position moves from far to near or to the left or right, each eye's line of sight focuses on the same pixel, so it is possible for many people to view the same image repeatedly over a wide area in stereoscopic view. In addition, since there is a flat part whose size gradually changes between the concave lens parts, curved parts, inclined parts, etc. of the image will not be jagged and the image will not be distorted, and the concave lens parts and Since there is no need to miniaturize the plane portion, it is possible to provide a stereoscopic display lens that can be made large at low cost.

(Example) FIGS. 18 to 4 are perspective views showing an example of implementation of the stereoscopic display lens according to the present invention. In each figure, 1 is a lens body, which is formed by a first lens body 2 and a second lens body 3, each of which is formed of a transparent flat plate and arranged in parallel.

A concave lens portion 5a is provided on the upper surface of this lens body 2.

5b or 5C and the flat portions 6 are arranged alternately. Here, in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a cylindrical concave lens is used for the concave lens portion 5a, and this is arranged in parallel to form a lenticular shape. has been done. In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a cylindrical concave lens is used as the concave lens portion 5b, and this is arranged in a lattice to form a mosaic shape, and in the third embodiment shown in FIG. uses a spherical concave lens as the concave lens 5C, which is arranged in a lattice to form a compound eye shape. The flat portion 6 gradually changes in size; in the first embodiment, the width gradually decreases toward the right; In the third embodiment, the width gradually increases as you go to the right and the front, and in the fourth embodiment, as you go to the right, the width gradually increases and then narrows. These gradual changes in the size of the flat portion 6 are completed for each unit lens group 7 shown separated by two-dot chain lines in each figure, and these are continuously arranged on the entire upper surface of the 1121st body 2. There is.

Further, concave lens portions 8 are arranged on the lower surface of the second lens body 3 as well. All of the concave lens portions 8 are cylindrical concave lenses, which are arranged in parallel to form a lenticular shape. In the first embodiment, the concave lens portions 8 are arranged at the same pitch as the concave lens portions 5a of the 1121st body 2, alternating with flat portions 9 whose width gradually changes. In the second embodiment, the concave lens portions 8 are arranged continuously without a flat surface, and in this case, the concave lens portions 8 are nearly flat. Further, in the third embodiment, the concave lens portion 8 and
Flat parts 9 having a constant width are arranged alternately. In this case, the width of the flat portion 9 does not necessarily have to be the same as the width of the concave lens portion 8. In the fourth embodiment, similar to the first embodiment, concave lens parts 8 and flat parts 9 whose widths gradually change are arranged alternately, but the arrangement pitch is the same as that of the 1121st body 2.
This is different from that of the concave lens portion 5a.

Next, stereoscopic viewing of one planar image using these stereoscopic display lenses will be described. Hereinafter, on the planar image G, a pixel group in which a plurality of pixels or more are gathered will be described by writing the light beam from the P1 pixel group as a, and the graphic representation of the pixel group will be indicated by a single mark.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the optical system of the first embodiment. A plane image G is placed a little apart from the lens surface of the lens body 1 on the objective side. In this case, the slightly spaced gap may be replaced with a transparent flat plate, which can be adapted to all embodiments of the present invention. Then, image G
Each pixel group P, .

β, F), the ray flux from P is the imaginary focus 13 of the lens 5a.
6 10 , so the ray of light is bundle ya′, δ3# , Q, /, a,;
, becomes. Now, the lower surface of the second lens 3, that is, the eyepiece surface 1
1 with a concave lens portion 8 formed corresponding to
The above-mentioned ray bundle a;, aB by overlapping the lens bodies 3
, 86'.

When passing through the frame, the rays become parallel from the lens optical axes of the concave lens portion 5a and the concave lens portion 8, so the extended line of sight a...
a,, a6. It can be seen by a and o. Pixel P2. P4. P5. P7. P,, rays a2', a4', a5' from P9.

Even if ar, as', and ac pass through the 1121st body 2 and the plane parts 6 and 9 of the second lens element 3 and are refracted, they do not change direction, so the line of sight is a2. a4. as, a7. a,,
With a9, each pixel whose shape does not change is viewed as it is.

Next, FIGS. 6 and 7 <a), (b>, and c) show the optical system of the second embodiment. Using such a three-dimensional display lens, the optical system shown in FIG. The phenomenon in which the same image appears to have different shapes when eye A is moved sequentially from (a) to (C) in the figure will be explained using Figures 7 (a), (b), and (c). When image G is viewed at the position shown in Figure (a) through the 1121st body 2 and the second lens 3 with the nine lines of sight a1 to a of eye A, each pixel group β1+ tun, 屹p,
The ray flux of the shell is the first. Lines of sight a, aB, a6, which are focused on the concave lens portion 5b and the concave lens portion 8 of each second lens body 2.3 and view these pixel groups. a7 is a virtual image group β1', β2, female, β, which has a small shape at a point on its extension line.
P4. Fk, ■, Since the light ray from the corner is seen through the flat part 6 of the 1121st body 2 and the concave lens part 8 of the second lens body 3, the pixel width is a virtual image P2. P4. Py+ pa, F'j
Line of sight a2. a4゜a,, a8. It can be seen by a.

Next, when the eye is moved to the position shown in Figure (b) and the image G is viewed in the same manner as described above, the pixel groups β and β β have the shape 5 IQ' +
2 Reduced virtual image group-1.
a, and another line of sight a2. aB, a4
．． a,, a,.

In a, a virtual image Pλ with a shape close to the original pixel, p-:,
P8'.

You will see P9"I'l"23. Furthermore, diagram the eye A (
If you move to the position shown in C) and look at the image G, the pixel group F',...
I':.

The virtual image group P whose shape has been reduced by the bow 7,'"1!" i7 is the line of sight a.

You will see it on AS and A9. Other line of sight a2. aB
, a4゜a6. a7. aB sees a virtual image 716 having a shape close to the original pixel. When viewed through a large flat area like this, the image appears to have the same original shape, but when viewed through a concave lens that makes the flat area smaller, the image becomes denser and many pixels shrink. The images form a group and appear to move away from the lens surface, giving rise to a sense of perspective where parts of the image appear to stand out or appear to be concave in the distance.

Such visual phenomena occur when the lens body has a mosaic shape, a compound eye shape,
In the orthogonal shape of the two lenticular shapes, this occurs also in the vertical direction of the image, so there is an effect that divisions such as foreground and background, upper and lower, etc. appear clearly. As described above, a feature of the present invention is that the effect of the optical system that makes the same image appear to be different images depending on the viewing angle can be visualized by the lens portion formed by alternating and sequentially changing the arrangement of lenses and planes.

FIG. 8, which will be explained next regarding the case where such a visual phenomenon is viewed binocularly, shows an optical system of a third embodiment.

A plane image G is placed a little apart on the lens surface on the objective side of the lens body 1, and the images are viewed through the three-dimensional display lenses A,
When looking at the image G with B, the line of sight of both eyes a1 to a5
．． b, ~b5 connect the points of interest to P1 to Ps, respectively, and the line of sight of the right eye A has five image forming points ap,, 'ap2゜a P,, a P4, a with different image forming positions. P
, virtual image groups aP, , aP2 appear on the left side of the image. In the line of sight of the left eye B, there are five image forming points bP, bp2, . bbβ' appears on the right side of the image. This results in binocular parallax of images with different imaging positions for the right eye and left eye, respectively.

The phenomenon of parallax of one image with both eyes will be explained using the optical system of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 9 for each line of sight of both eyes viewing a wide image plane. As shown in FIG. 9, on the surface of the planar image G in the figure, 12 in the plane shown in FIG.
are represented, each point g, h, i, j in a plane 12 with each line of sight a1 to a5 degrees b1 to b5 of both eyes through the lens body 1.

The points of view x1 to x5 of both eyes are placed in part k, and each line of sight a, to a5 at Xl-x5, which has a different oblique angle, is each of 12 points in the plane (pixel groups g and h are It appears to be created by the lens and receding towards the back of the lens.Also, i, j
, has the same shape as 12 pixels in the plane, a31, a
4j, 85. Each line of sight b1 to b5 at each writing point x1 to x5 of the left eye B is 12 in the plane.
Each point 9 to pixel group j appears to move away from the rear of the lens due to the lens action. The other points g, h, and i have the same shape as 12 pixels in the plane, bla , b2h ,
It will be viewed as b3i.

Also, when both eyes A and B are moved from the point of view x1 to x5, the parts a, g', b, g seen through by the lines of sight a, b,
continuously moves to the right side, reaches portions a2h and b2h, and similarly moves to a5k and b5k, changing the portions seen through both eyes. As a result, the image of 12 in the plane is seen in the series 114 seen by the right eye A, and the left side of the image is fine (and appears to be far away). Also, the continuous image seen by the left eye B is You will see an image of each point bt image 12, and the right side of the image will become more detailed and appear to be far away.

These two consecutive images have different degrees of contraction and positions of contraction of the pixel groups for each lens section on the left and right sides, so that two images with different shapes can be viewed stereoscopically with binocular parallax.

Thus, according to each of the above embodiments, the lens body is provided with a series of unit lens groups in which the arrangement of the concave lens portions and the flat lens portions are alternately changed, and the lens body is arranged substantially parallel to the lens body. The arrangement of the concave lens parts was sequentially changed alternately with the plane.

Or, because it is equipped with a second lens body in which concave lenses are arranged alternately with flat lenses or concave lenses are arranged in succession, the difference in the line of sight angle between the left and right eyes when viewing a single plane image causes the image reflected on the retinas of both the left and right eyes to change. A three-dimensional effect can be obtained by creating a difference.

Although the present invention has been described above in detail according to the illustrated embodiments, the present invention should not be limited only to these embodiments. That is, in each of the embodiments described above, the first lens body and the second lens body are configured as separate bodies, but they may be configured as one body. The present invention also applies to a single lens body in which unit lens groups formed by gradually changing the arrangement of concave lens portions alternately with flat portions are continuously arranged, and the back surface is formed only with a flat surface. The operation of the optical system remains unchanged and can be used to implement the present invention. In addition, each lens body having a lenticular shape, a compound eye shape, and a mosaic shape can be used to implement the present invention without changing the function of the optical system of the present invention even if they are replaced or combined with each other, regardless of their respective shapes. For example, it is possible to make one surface into a lenticular shape and the other surface into a mosaic shape.Furthermore, it is possible to make the front and back surfaces of the lenticular shape perpendicular to each other to create an optical structure similar to a mosaic shape. The present invention can also be practiced with a lens system.Furthermore, the above-mentioned lens body and second lens body can be used with either the front or back surface serving as the object surface or the eyepiece surface.

(Effect of the invention) The stereoscopic display lens according to the present invention is configured as described above,
Even if the viewing position moves from far to near or from side to side, the lines of sight of both eyes are focused on the same pixel, so the same image can be continuously repeated over a wide range for stereoscopic observation by a large number of people. Furthermore, when applied to a moving image of a flat image, the three-dimensional effect becomes even more effective because hidden parts appear due to the movement of the image. Furthermore, since the concave lens part of the lens body of the present invention has a large flat part with a large lens pitch arranged in each lens part, it has the advantage of reducing jagged disturbances in curved and slanted parts of the image. Since the pitch is not fine, the mold for the lens body is easy to manufacture and inexpensive, and the size of the lens body is not limited to small sizes, and the scope of use can be expanded to include large screens.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIGS. 1 to 4 are perspective views showing an example of implementation of the stereoscopic display lens according to the present invention, FIGS. 5 to 9 are explanatory diagrams showing the optical system of each of these embodiments, and FIGS. The figure is a plan view showing an example of a planar portion drawn in a planar image. 1...Lens body, 2...Lens body,
3...Second lens body, 5a, 5b, 50.8.
...Concave lens part, 6.9...Flat part, 7
... Unit lens group, G ... Planar image. Patent applicant Kiyomi Kimura - Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 10 Figure 7 (δ) (a) Figure 7 (b) (b) Figure 7 (C) CC) Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 9

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) On at least one surface of a lens body made of a transparent flat plate, a unit lens group is repeatedly arranged in which concave lens parts and flat parts are arranged alternately and the size of the flat parts gradually changes. A three-dimensional display lens characterized by: ■ A patent characterized in that the lens body is formed by arranging a first lens body and a second lens body made of transparent flat plates substantially parallel, and the unit lens group is continuously arranged on one surface of the first lens body. A stereoscopic display lens according to claim (1). ■ On one surface of the second lens body, a unit lens group formed in such a way that concave lens parts and flat parts are arranged alternately and the size of the flat parts gradually changes is continuously arranged, and the concave lens 2. The stereoscopic display lens according to claim 0, wherein the arrangement pitch of the portions is equal to the arrangement pitch of the unit lens groups arranged in the first lens body. (4) Also on one surface of the second lens body, a unit lens group formed in such a way that concave lens parts and flat parts are arranged alternately and the size of the flat parts gradually changes is continuously arranged, The stereoscopic display lens according to claim 0, characterized in that the arrangement pitch of the concave lens portions is different from the arrangement pitch of the unit lens groups arranged in the first lens body. ■ One of the second lens bodies A three-dimensional display lens according to claim 0, characterized in that concave lens parts are arranged alternately with equally spaced flat parts on the surface of the second lens body. ■ Only the concave lens parts are arranged on one surface of the second lens body The three-dimensional display lens according to claim 0, characterized in that the lenses are arranged in a continuous manner. ■ Claims (1) to (2), characterized in that the concave lens portion is formed in a lenticular shape. The stereoscopic display lens according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the concave lens portion is formed in a mosaic shape. 0. The lens for stereoscopic display according to any one of claims (1) to (2), characterized in that the concave lens portion is formed in a compound eye shape.