JPS6024222B2 - Method for preventing pilling of polyester knitted fabrics - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for preventing pilling of polyester knitted fabrics.

Conventionally, knitted fabrics made of polyester fibers, especially those made of spun yarn, have been known to suffer from pilling due to fuzz generated by friction during wear or use, and because the fibers are highly strong, they do not break and the fuzz entangles with each other. This poses the biggest problem as a knitted fabric, such as further increasing the shape, impairing the aesthetic appearance of the product, causing dust collection and contamination due to frictional electrification, and deteriorating the tactile feel.

Various methods have been proposed so far to improve this problem. Pilling can be prevented by reducing the degree of polymerization during production of polyester fibers, by copolymerizing a third component, or by post-treating paper fabrics made of polyester fibers. However, it has disadvantages such as significantly lowering spinnability and quality.

The latter method includes, for example, a method of treatment with an alkaline aqueous solution containing a primary amine (Japanese Patent Publication No. 37-3946);
A method of treatment with an alkaline aqueous solution containing humins, inorganic salts, inorganic acids, or oxidizing agents (Japanese Patent Publication No. 37-7393), a method of treatment with an aqueous alkaline salt solution of phenols (Japanese Patent Publication Publication No. 38-1973)
-1050).

A method of dry heat treatment after immersion in an alkaline aqueous solution containing a polyhydric alcohol (Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-120991), a method of heat treatment in an alkaline aqueous solution containing a quaternary ammonium compound and a reducing agent (Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-16 Kaede 0) ), diphenols, a method of treatment with an aqueous solution of sodium or potassium dimethane disulfonate (Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-18920), a method of heat treatment in an aqueous solution containing a quaternary ammonium compound and an alkali or alkali metal hydroxide. Special Public Service (1977)
129476), quaternary ammonium compounds and Ca IJ
(Tsubaki Kosho 47-29477), a method of heat treatment in an aqueous solution containing a quaternary ammonium compound and a weakly alkaline compound (Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-18793), and sodium silicate. A method of dry heat treatment after soaking with caustic soda or caustic potash solution (Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-41478), a method of treating with a general method containing an alkali, a quaternary ammonium salt, hydrogen peroxide, and if necessary a sequestrant ( Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-30880), a method of heat treatment in an aqueous solution containing a metal salt of Groups 1 to 3 of the periodic table and an alkaline substance of 1/5 or less of the weight of the metal salt (
Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-4039), a method of applying a liquid containing a chemical selected from the group consisting of inorganic salts, alkalis, and amines and then subjecting it to steaming or dry heat treatment (Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-16300). A method of treating with caustic alkaline solution (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 50-6900), or forming a weak part in the fiber by pressurizing it while it is in close contact with a rough surface made of a large number of fine granular materials with hard and angular wedges. There are methods such as "Tsubaki Kosho 50-29079". However, the method of treatment using an alkaline aqueous solution hydrolyzes the surface layer of polyester fibers, reducing the weave and lowering the single yarn strength, and also imparts weak parts to the fibers due to hard particulate matter. In these methods, the weak points are not sharp enough to cut the fuzz that occurs on the fiber surface, and the effect of suppressing or preventing the occurrence of pilling by any of these methods is extremely unsatisfactory. There is a strong demand for the development of a post-treatment method that can easily prevent pilling of knitted fabrics. In order to eliminate the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors conducted extensive research and discovered a method of imparting a significantly improved anti-pilling effect through post-treatment without impairing the characteristics of striped fabrics made of polyester fibers. It is a completed invention.

That is, the present invention applies 1 to 1% by weight of an alkali substance to a polyester knitted fabric whose surface of fibers constituting the surface layer have been mechanically damaged in advance, and an alkali substance of the general formula (where R is an alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms). or alkenyl group, R2 is an alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, allyl group,
Aralkyl group and derivatives thereof, R3 and R4 are alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and derivatives thereof, R3 and R4 may form a ring.

X is halogen, OH, R-OS03 (R: alkyl group)
of quaternary ammonium salt having at least 0
．． This is a method for preventing pilling of a polyester knitted fabric, which is characterized by applying an aqueous solution containing 0.05% by weight and subjecting it to a steam treatment.

The polyester green fabric shown in the present invention is mainly made of polyester fibers, that is, polyethylene terephthalate fibers, and a part of the terephthalic acid or ethylene glycol constituting the polymer is replaced with 8-hydroxyethoxybenzoic acid or hydroxybenzoic acid. , isophthalic acid, diphenylsulfone dicarboxylic acid, diphenylmethane dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl dicarboxylic acid, diphenoxychetane dicarboxylic acid, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, etc. , or dibasic acids, further trimethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, hexamethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1.4-cyclohexanediol, 1.4
- Modified polyester substituted with at least one aliphatic, alicyclic, or aromatic dioxy compound such as cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,4-bishydroxyethoxybenzene, bisphenol A, or polyethylene glycol; and polyalkylene paraoxybenzoate bran fabrics made of polyester staples or filaments made of polyester, such as penzoate, cotton, wool, linen, etc.
It is a knitted fabric that can be blended or cross-braned in an appropriate ratio in combination with natural fabrics such as silk, recycled fibers such as rayon, or semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate and promics.

The polyester wire woven fabric used in the present invention is a polyester rope woven fabric in which one or both sides of the knitted fabric have been damaged in advance so that the surface roughness of the fibers constituting the surface layer of the knitted fabric is zero.

The method for preparing the striped fabric is to mold hard granular materials such as minerals and metals with sharp edges into a flat plate or roller shape with an adhesive, or to fix them on cloth, paper, or metal surfaces to form a flat plate. Alternatively, it is fixed to a roller-shaped metal body, or a flat plate or a metal roller whose surface is cast or carved with minute shapes such as a tortoise shell shape, a sword tip shape, a saw shape, etc. uniformly or spirally on the entire surface. By statically or dynamically applying pressurized friction to the polyester knitted fabric using a roller or the like, it is possible to easily cause damage in the form of cuts to the surface layer of the polyester fibers constituting the surface of the green fabric.

The mineral or metal has a new Mohs hardness of at least 5,
Alternatively, it is a hard particulate material having a Shore hardness of at least 50, preferably with a particle size in the range of 40 to 120 flea.

Examples of the hard particulate material include emery, garnet,
These include spinel, flint, silica, corundum, diamond, fused alumina, silicon carbide, and carbon carbide.

Further, as the metal roller, for example, a Schreiner roll or the like can be used.

When treating polyester wire fabrics with hard particulate materials, especially thin fabrics such as lawn or voile, particles within the above particle size range of 80 to 400, especially 100 to 2
8 resistance is suitable, and the processing pressure is 90% in terms of plane pressure.
40 to 70 k9/min is particularly preferred.

In addition, when treating thick fabrics such as serge, flannel, etc., fleas with a particle size of 30 to 22, especially 60 to 15 apex, are suitable, and the treatment pressure is 90 to 400 k9/but especially 150 to 150 k9 in plane pressure.
It is desirable to process at a pressure within the range of 300k9/kg.

In order to impart a uniform treatment effect to the polyester rope fabric without deteriorating it, it is desirable to carry out the treatment under the conditions within the above range.

An aqueous solution containing 1 to 1% by weight of an alkaline substance and at least 0.05% by weight of a quaternary ammonium salt is applied to a polyester-based fabric whose surface has been previously damaged by this method.

The aqueous solution can be applied by dipping or spraying the polyester knitted fabric.

Examples of alkaline substances for preparing the alkaline aqueous solution used in the present invention include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, Examples include potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate, barium carbonate, strontium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium silicate, hydrazine, hydroxylamine, ammonia, and the like. Among these alkaline substances, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are particularly suitable because they are excellent in terms of workability and desired effects. The content of the alkaline substance in the aqueous solution is 1 to
10% by weight, preferably 2-7% by weight.

If it exceeds 1% by weight, the strength of the knitted fabric will deteriorate, which is not preferable.

Furthermore, examples of the quaternary ammonium salt represented by the above general formula to be contained in the alkaline aqueous solution include octyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, lauryltrimethylammonium chloride, lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, lauryldimethylbenzylammonium hydroxide, and lauryltriethylammonium. chloride, lauryl diethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, lauryl dimethyl hydroxyethylammonium chloride, lauryl dimethyl p-nitrobenzylammonium chloride, lauryl dimethyl 0-chlorobenzylammonium chloride, lauryl pyrium chloride.

Ride, stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, stearyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, distearyldimethylammonium chloride, cetyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, oleyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, octyltrimethylammonium bromide, lauryldibutylallylammonium bromide, cetyldimethylallyl Ammonium bromide, cetyldimethylcyclohexylammonium bromide, lauryltrimethylammonium iodide, lauryltrimethylammonium ethosulfate, lauryl phenyltrimethylammonium methosulfate, stearyl ethyl dihydroxyethylammonium ethosulfate, lauryl trihydroxyethylammonium Examples include hydrooxide. When a quaternary ammonium salt having an aralkyl group is used, the desired treatment effect is remarkable, and lauryldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of cost and the like.

The content of the quaternary ammonium salt in the alkaline aqueous solution is at least 0.05% by weight, preferably from 0.2 to 0.
．． It is mother weight %.

0. Even if it is added in excess of % by weight, the effect will not change.

When the alkaline substance and the quaternary ammonium salt are each applied to the method of the present invention alone, the desired effect cannot be obtained, but the desired effect can be achieved by using them in combination.

The polyester fabric impregnated with the above-mentioned quaternary ammonium salt-containing alkaline aqueous solution is pressed with a squeezing machine such as a mangle at a squeezing rate of 50 to 15% by weight, preferably 80 to 12%.
After adjusting to 0% by weight, steam treatment is performed. The treatment is preferably carried out by steaming saturated steam under normal pressure or high pressure at a temperature of 8000 to 13000 for at least 1 minute.

Through this treatment, the cut portions which have previously been damaged in the surface layer of the polyester rope fabric can be further damaged by the alkaline substance in the presence of the quaternary ammonium salt described above. The treated polyester wire fabric is washed with water and treated with quaternary ammonium salt and alkali IJ.
remove sexual substances.

At this time, in order to easily remove the substance, an anionic, cationic, or amphoteric surfactant may be appropriately selected and added as necessary. The washable polyester line fabric is dried by a conventional method such as cylinder drying or hot air drying to obtain the desired polyester line fabric.

The polyester knitted fabric, which has been damaged to the inner layer of the polyester fiber by the above treatment, is easily cut at the damaged part and the fuzz is wiped away without forming pilling due to friction during wear.

The method of the present invention eliminates the deterioration in feel and feel due to the pilling phenomenon, which has been considered the biggest drawback of polyester knitted fabrics, as well as the increase in frictional electrification and resulting dust pollution. When rope fabrics are dyed, the dyeing speed and dye exhaustion rate are significantly superior to that of conventional green polyester fabrics, and this is an excellent processing technology that further improves the quality of green polyester fabrics.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to Examples.

Pilling resistance shown in Examples was measured according to the following measurement method.

Pilling resistance 1. C. J by a pilling tester made by one company
Measured according to IS-L-1076.

The grades are divided into grades 1 to 5, with grade 5 being the best and grade 1 being the worst.

For practical purposes, level 3 or above is required.

Example 1 A lawn fabric made of polyethylene terephthalate fibers was brought into close contact with diamond sand sandpaper (average grain size 10) fixed to a metal plate and pressed (60 kg/) to damage the fiber surface layer on the fabric surface. After soaking in aqueous solutions with various concentrations of sodium hydroxide and lauryldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, the squeezing rate was adjusted to 80% with a mangle, and then steam treated for 10 minutes, washed with water, and impregnated into the fabric. After removing the aqueous solution9
It was dried in a cylinder that could be kept warm at 0qo.

In addition, as comparative samples, samples were obtained by performing only sandpaper treatment and only alkali aqueous solution treatment.

Table 1 shows the results of measuring the pilling resistance and tear strength of each lawn fabric obtained. As is clear from Table 1, the method of the present invention has excellent pilling resistance, and the alkali concentration in the impregnated aqueous solution is 1 to 10% by weight, especially 2 to 7% by weight, and the coexisting quaternary ammonium salt is At least 0.05% by weight, especially 0.5% by weight or more is preferred.

When the alkali concentration exceeds 1% by weight, the pilling resistance of the tin combination is good, but the draw strength of the fabric is significantly lowered, which is undesirable.

Example 2 Polyethylene terephthalate staple and cotton thread 30/
A plain knitted fabric knitted with 20-count spun yarn mixed at a ratio of 70% is coated with flea diamond sandpaper with an average particle size of 12 on the surface of a metal roller, and the bran fabric is treated with a pressure of 80k9/ground between the rollers to create stripes. This caused damage to the polyester fibers on the ground surface.

The resulting knitted fabric was uniformly sprayed with an aqueous solution containing 5% by weight of potassium hydroxide and 0.8% by weight of cetyldimethylammonium bromide, impregnated with 5% by weight of the knitted fabric, and then steamed. The samples were treated for different treatment times, washed with water, and then dried in cylinders. Furthermore, as a comparative sample, a drying treatment at 95° C. was performed instead of a steam treatment.

The pilling resistance (grade) of the obtained knitted fabric was measured and the results are shown in Table 2.

As is clear from the upper table of Table 2, an excellent anti-pilling effect was obtained by steaming for at least 5 minutes, preferably 10 minutes or more.

Example 3 A voile fabric made of polyethylene terephthalate fibers was heated to a pressure of 70 k between the rows using a shrinker roll.
The fabric surface was damaged by treatment with 1.5 g/me, then immersed in an aqueous solution containing 3% by weight of sodium hydroxide and 0.7% by weight of lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, and the reduction rate was 70% using a mangle.15 It was steamed for a minute, washed with water, and dried in a cylinder kept at 90°C.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. 1 to 10% by weight of an alkali substance to a polyester knitted fabric whose surface of the fibers constituting the surface layer have been mechanically damaged in advance and a general formula ▲ There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc. ▼ (Formula R_1 is an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, R_2 is an alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, allyl group, aralkyl group, and derivatives thereof, R_3, R
_4 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and its derivative, R_
3 and R_4 may form a ring. X represents halogen, OH, R-OSO_3 (R: alkyl group). 1. A method for preventing pilling of a polyester knitted fabric, which comprises applying an aqueous solution containing at least 0.05% by weight of a quaternary ammonium salt having the following properties and subjecting it to a steam treatment. 2. The method for preventing pilling of a polyester knitted fabric according to claim 1, wherein the polyester is polyethylene terephthalate. 3. A method for preventing pilling in a polyester knitted fabric according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polyester knitted fabric is composed of polyester fibers alone or in combination with natural fibers. 4. The method for preventing pilling of a polyester knitted fabric according to claim 1, wherein the alkaline substance is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. 5. The method for preventing pilling of a polyester knitted fabric according to claim 1, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt is lauryldimethylbewadylammonium chloride.