JPS60232588A - Planet/moon/sun projector for planetarium - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Technical Field The present invention provides a means for rotating images projected from planetary, lunar, and solar projectors provided separately from a stellar projector so that the axis of rotation points in the correct direction. 0 Prior Art Regarding Planetary, Moon, and Sun Projectors for Planetariums Equipped with 0 Prior Art In conventional planetariums, each projector for stars and planets is mounted on a star projection sphere, and the planets are placed on a planetary shelf made in a plane parallel to the ecliptic. Because they rotated on top of each other, during diurnal motion and changes in latitude, the stars and planets moved as one,
During the annual motion, the projected image of the planet was always projected at a predetermined angle to the ecliptic plane. Furthermore, planets were projected only as point images, and there was no need to control the direction of the projected image. There is no mention of image rotation.

However, in a planetarium with the above configuration, when the star and planet projectors are separated and the planet is projected by the combined motion of two wheels, the direction of the projected image is unrelated to the rotation axis, so the zoom image with an area The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems. An object of the present invention is to provide a planetary, lunar, and solar projection device for a planetarium that can correct the axis of rotation of each projected image projected by two-axis synthetic motion from each projector such as the above.

Summary The present invention is a planetarium projection device that displays the astronomical phenomena of one planet, moon, and sun as a rotational composite motion about multiple axes of each of those projectors, which displays the projected images on each of the projectors of one planet, moon, and sun. The gist of achieving the above object is to provide a rotating means for rotating the motor so as to face a predetermined rotation axis direction.

Figures ta1 and 2 are overview diagrams of the planetarium and projector, where A is a tilted dome, a single-ball lens type stellar projector with NLD three-axis control, and 0 with two-axis control, respectively. It is a projector for the Sun, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. FIG. 3 shows a projection device using two-axis synthetic motion showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which the projector l (corresponding to 00 in FIG. 2) is inside an arcuate member 2 with a half circumference or more, and an axis 3 in the diametrical direction of the projector l (corresponding to 00 in FIG. 2). The shaft 06 is rotatably held by a plurality of screws 5 screwed into a ring 4 provided at the center of the 1 is a driven shaft attached to the shaft 3 that meshes with the drive gear 8 of the second motor 7 attached to the inner surface of the arc member 2. The second encoder 11 is rotated by the gear 9 and rotated by the rotation of the second rotating shaft (1) through another pulse gear 10 that meshes with the drive gear 8 of the second motor 7 at its rotation angle L1] Detected.

The arcuate member 2 has a V-shaped groove 1 over the entire central part of its curved surface.
2 is formed, and is held by a plurality of rotatable rollers 13 that engage with this V-shaped groove 12, and also meshes with a driven gear 14 provided on one side separated by the V-shaped groove 12. The drive gear 16 of the motor 15 rotates the projector 1 around the first rotation axis l perpendicular to the arc member 2.
Rotate. The rotation angle of the projector l at this time is detected by the first encoder 18iC via the gear 17 that meshes with the beating gear 14 of the arcuate member 2.

Therefore, the first motor 15 rotates the circular arc member 2 around the first rotating shaft l, and the second motor 7 rotates the shaft 3 around the second rotating shaft. Due to the two-axis composite motion, the projector is able to project images of the planet 1 and the sun in any direction within the dome.〇Figure 4 is used to project the 1 planet and the sun. This figure shows an embodiment of the projector IA equipped with an image rotation device. 20
A projection lens unit consisting of , an original plate 21, and a projection lens 22 is housed. A projection original plate 21 on which an IC is disposed in front of the condenser lens 2o is fixed to the front surface of a circular hole 26 provided in the bottom wall of a central recess 25 of an original plate rotation gear 24 whose outer periphery is held by a bearing 23. The rotation axis is rotated in a predetermined direction by a drive gear 28 of a motor 27 with a built-in encoder provided outside the projector IA that meshes with the original rotation gear 24 .

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a projector IB equipped with an image rotation device used for projecting the moon.
, and the first. It houses a projection lens unit consisting of second projection scissor lenses 22a and 22b, and a phase change mechanism Q that reproduces the phases of the moon.

In this case, since the original plate 21a is fixed to the front surface of the condenser lens 20&, the rotation of the projected image of the moon by the original plate 21a is on the optical axis X-X between the first condenser lens 20a and the second projection lens 22b. , the optical axis
- Atsube prism 3 held rotatably around X
0 by rotating the encoder built-in motor 31 provided outside the projector IB. 32 is a holding member for the Atsube prism having an opening 33 on the optical axis XX, and a beating gear 36 is attached to the outer periphery of the holding member 32.
is meshed with an intermediate gear 35 rotated by the drive gear 34 of the motor 31.

The phase change mechanism Q consists of semicircular notch-shaped conical light shields 38 and 38' provided on the support base 37 with inclinations at right angles to each other.
Rotated around the axis @Y-Y perpendicular to X, and parallel to the optical rotation X-X! l! 1z-Z rotation) and the first plate is rotated from the original plate 21m. 2nd projection lens 22m,
The conical light shielding elements 38 and 38' on the supporting stand 37, which play the role of shielding the projected light directed toward the beam 22b, are connected to the horizontal axis 39,
Via the bearing 40, the axis Y-
0, which is attached to a base plate 41 that rotates around Y.
42 is a bevel gear provided integrally with the base plate 41, the bevel gear 42 meshes with the bevel gear 44 of the drive unit 43, and the shaft 1i
y-y rotation) K rotations. At both ends of the horizontal shaft 390, in order to rotate the horizontal shaft 39 by 90' around the axis 2-2, there are an 8-tooth section and an intermittent 4-tooth section with half the tooth thickness of every other 4 tooth out of the 8 teeth. Intermittent gears 45 and 45' are provided.

Of these intermittent gears 45 and 45', the four intermittent gears are mounted on a fixed cylindrical rail 46, and the four thick teeth of the 8111 parts are mounted so as to rotate along the sides of the cylindrical rail 46. The rail 46 is provided with two grooves (not shown) in the optical axis XX direction. One groove is a notch into which one tooth of the intermittent gears 45 and 45' is inserted, and two
A tooth rack 47 is provided, and the one groove has four intermittent teeth and a rack 474C8 teeth mesh with each other, and the horizontal axis 39 is aligned with the axis 2.
Rotate it 90' to -2 rotation. The other groove is a rotation escape groove for the intermittent gear 45°45'.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, when the full moon is projected on the screen without blocking the projected light by placing the conical light shielding element 38°38' on the side and above the optical axis XX, When the Atsube prism 30i is rotated around the multi-optical axis XX by the motor 31, the rotation axis of the full moon can be rotated according to the rotation angle.

Next, when the syzygy drive unit 43 is rotated, the bevel gear 44°4
2, a base plate 41, a horizontal shaft 39 held thereon via bearings 40'ij, a support base 37, and a conical light shield 38°38'.
is rotated about the axis Y-Yi. This is horizontal axis 3
Of the intermittent gears 45 and 45' attached to the cylindrical rail 45, 45', two teeth of the 4-tooth portion rotate on the cylindrical rail 46, and the 8-tooth portion rotates while sliding on the entire side surface of the cylindrical rail 46.
, support stand 37, conical light shielding element 38, 38' whole line 2-2
This is because it does not rotate around the .

Therefore, the conical light shielding element 38 begins to shield the projected light and reproduces the phases of the moon, but in this case as well, the Atsube prism 3
0 can be rotated by the motor 31 around the optical axis x-x to rotate the moon by an arbitrary angle 1iJl'.

The conical shader 38 projects a moon image of the true waxing and waning phase until it rotates 180 degrees from the full moon position, but beyond that it projects a moon image that is different from the true waxing and waning. 38'. This switching is performed by the meshing of the rack 47 and the intermittent gear 45.
@39 and support stand 37 rotated 90° around axis 2-2
This is accomplished by rotating.

In the above projectors IA and IB, the rotation of the rotation axes of the planets, the moon, and the sun is performed by configuring the original plate 21 or the Atsube prism 30 to be rotatable around the optical axis XX, but the projection Vessel IA.

The same effect can be achieved by configuring the IB to be rotated around the entire optical axis XX.

Next, a flowchart of the performance program processing of the device of the present invention will be explained.

Figure 6 shows the OP U, memory, manual operation console, keyboard, light source control unit, star drive unit, planets, moon,
This is a diagram showing the entire configuration of the solar drive control section. In the figure, E indicates an encoder.

Figure 7 shows the production program (hereinafter abbreviated as text) t
- Shows the format for playing a long sword with cards. The text is a collection of steps corresponding to one scene of a planetarium performance (for example, Jupiter fades in), and the text is transferred onto the RAM from an external storage device.

In the text, as shown in FIG. 7, data necessary for performing one performance in the planetarium is arranged from the first address to step to step XX. Each step includes a step number, step data (control time, control machine number, control data), step end mark (here XD
Consisting of the combination of H), the automatic production of the planetarium is performed by having a computer decode the commands marked at each step. The end of all steps is marked by the step end mark of the last step xx.

Text end mark (Mllllk”
&'&X-&)tRead it into a computer and judge.

The eighth piece is a flowchart of the decoding process. In the figure (8TR
T) is a work area that stores the start address for text decoding.
1 (8TRT) and clears the performance timer to 00 minutes 00 seconds. The content of the address indicated by (STRT) is '&\H, and the next and the following are also '&\H.
If so, it is determined that the text has ended and the program execution is terminated. However, if the text is not the end, the data up to the step end mark is transferred to the text decoding work area and the next step start address (STR'l'')
Store in . In the figure, (TIMID) is the work area for time data, (SNI) and (SN■) are the displacements of the solar 1st axis and the ■axis, (MNI) is the displacement of the lunar phase axis and the ■axis. The amount, ~ (STI) and (8TRNII) are the displacement 1 of the I axis and ■ axis for Saturn! kt-representation, (8P8N)
, (SPMN), ~(sps'I''RN) indicate the image rotational displacement positions of the Sun, the Moon, and ~Saturn, respectively. Step execution time (related time data t is stored in the work area (TIME) from the decoding data. , clear the movement system work area of the planets, moon, and sun.

Regarding diurnal motion, it is determined whether the given target value stored in the work area (DMTDT) matches the current machine position, and if they do not match, the subroutine for diurnal calculation is called. . For each projector of the planet, moon, and sun, the same calculation program as the above diurnal calculation is performed for latitude, 7 difference, and annual period calculation.
Image rotational displacement amounts of the first rotation axis I and the second rotation axis (2) about the sun are stored in each work area. These data are transferred to the sub-OPH that controls them. Next, (TIMID:) is checked, and when (TIME) matches the effect timer, that step process is performed and the routine returns to the next step process.

Therefore, as long as (T-engine Mllt) does not match the production timer, the exercise-related calculation routine described above is always continued.

FIG. 9 is a calculation flowchart regarding the daily cycle, latitude, and seven-difference motion of the planets, the moon, and the sun, and FIG. 10 is a calculation flowchart regarding the annual motion.

In Figure 9, A is determined from the diurnal target value and current position data stored in the work area (DMTDT) to the minute displacement angle of the composite movement, but in the case of latitude and 7-difference movement,
Those target values are each in the work area CIIMTDT.
) and (P M T D, j) and compared with each current position data.

In the annual calculation in Figure 1O, the work area CAMTDT)
The calculation of the flowchart is performed by determining minute time data Δt that changes from the annual target value and current position data stored in .

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of Mori x step processing, in which control data is output depending on whether the processing target is a light source or a motor.

FIG. 12 shows a frame for sub-0PUO image rotation for the sun, and calculations for image rotation for planets and the moon are performed in the same way. If the position data after the solar image rotation written in the work area (SPN) of the solar memory does not match the current image rotation angle, the difference in image rotation angle between the two is divided into equal parts to make it finer and smaller. Positioning is performed by giving it to the servo control unit as control data.

FIG. 13 shows the J) I-axis controlled by a control console (not shown) in a three-wheel controlled Star Ball (SR).

Control amounts φl, φ2, and φ3 are given to each of the (2) and (2) axes, and the operation is completed as shown in W4. Upon completion of this operation, the equatorial coordinate system moves to the position indicated by the thick line. In the figure, 2 is the zenith, P is the pole of the equator, E, W, N, and S are east, west-south, and north directions, and r is the vernal equinox point. This hemisphere may be considered a dome instead of a star ball (SB).

Now, in this coordinate system, the planet S is at the declination coordinate (α8°δB), and the diurnal rotation center S, which is the north pole of the planet, is 1f.
Assuming that it is at the position represented by the JA mark (αIIPIδat), the rotation angle of the original plate at that time for the planetary projection image projected at the position S is between the great circle on the spherical surface connecting the zenith 2 and the planetary position S, and the north pole of the planet. It is expressed as the angle V formed by the great circle on the spherical surface connecting S and the planet @8. For example, the zenith zf: The original plate rotation angle v'l, which changes moment by moment depending on the position of each axis of the star ball (SB) or the annual position of the planet, can be determined.

On the spherical surface Δps,s, Ls, 5p=lE' spherical surface Δz
In SP, if Lzsp=0 (polar apex diagonal), the original plate rotation angle V is determined by v=l''-o.

The value of P can be found by substituting the value of P S F = 90-δ8PIPS = 90-δ81Pps = α8-α8P on the spherical surface Δps,s and applying all the formulas for spherical trigonometry.

The value of a is, on the spherical surface △zspVc, Lzps=(9o-φK)+α8 and ZS entwined, and on the spherical surface ZNB, the horizontal coordinates of the planet S h B + A B (= 90-
The formula for spherical trigonometry can be calculated using Lszp determined from this value by Lszp = 1go - φg - Lyzs and the value of φ snow.

FIG. 14 shows the calculation flow of the image rotation angle.

In the figure, j is a code specifying a planet, such as j=1 for Mercury, and the center of diurnal rotation of each planet corresponds to the observer's position. In the desired position, the year, month, and day of the Western calendar for which the planet's orbital position is to be specified is input. The calculation interval α is set small for fast-moving objects, and large for slow-moving objects. The year, month, and day of the Western calendar are converted to Julian day YD.

Effects The present invention provides planets, moons,
Each solar projector is equipped with a means to rotate the projected image so that it faces a predetermined axis of rotation, so when projecting a zoom image, etc., it is possible to rotate the axis of rotation of each projected image in the correct direction. It can be controlled to point towards.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the planetarium, Fig. 2 is a projector for stars, planets, the moon, and the sun, Fig. 3 is an oblique view of a two-axis synthetic motion device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figs. Figure 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an iron thrower with different image rotation devices, Figure 6 is a block diagram showing how to control the light source, stars, planets, moon, and sun, and Figure 7 is the main text format St- Figures 8 to 12 are flowcharts of the OPυ performance program processing, Figures 13 and 14.
The diagram shows a hemisphere showing six rotation angles of the projected image and the calculation flow, and FIG. 15 is a comparison diagram showing an example of the case where the projected image is not rotated. 1 e I A # I B...Projector 29...Bearing applicant Minolta Camera Co., Ltd. Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14vA Figure 15 A transfer

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a planetarium projection device that displays astronomical phenomena of the planet, the moon, and the sun as composite rotational movements about multiple axes of their respective projectors, the projected images are projected onto each of the projectors of the planet January and the sun in the direction of a predetermined axis of rotation. A planetarium planet characterized by being provided with a rotation means for rotating the planet in the direction of
moon, solar projection device